Clinical and In Vitro Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to Artesunate-Amodiaquine in Cambodia.

Background: Artesunate-amodiaquine is a potential therapy for uncomplicated malaria in Cambodia.

Methods: Between September 2016 and January 2017, artesunate-amodiaquine efficacy and safety were evaluated in a prospective, open-label, single-arm observational study at health centers in Mondulkiri, Pursat, and Siem Reap Provinces, Cambodia. Adults and children with microscopically confirmed Plasmodium falciparum malaria received oral artesunate-amodiaquine once daily for 3 days plus single-dose primaquine, with follow-up on days 7, 14, 21, and 28.

Efficacy and Safety of Pyronaridine-Artesunate plus Single-Dose Primaquine for the Treatment of Malaria in Western Cambodia.

This single-arm trial ( = 104) in western Cambodia showed high efficacy for 3-day treatment with pyronaridine-artesunate plus single-dose primaquine in malaria. Day 42 PCR-adjusted adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) was 98.3% (58/59) (95% confidence interval [CI], 90.

Efficacy and Safety of Pyronaridine-Artesunate plus Single-Dose Primaquine for Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria in Eastern Cambodia.

In Cambodia, multidrug-resistant undermines the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, and new therapeutic options are needed. Pyronaridine-artesunate has not previously been evaluated in eastern Cambodia. We conducted a single-arm, open-label, prospective study between July and December 2017 at the Koh Gnek (Mondulkiri) and Veun Sai (Rattanakiri) health centers in eastern Cambodia.

Chloroquine efficacy for Plasmodium vivax in Myanmar in populations with high genetic diversity and moderate parasite gene flow.

Background: Plasmodium vivax malaria remains a major public health burden in Myanmar. Resistance to chloroquine (CQ), the first-line treatment for P. vivax, has been reported in the country and has potential to undermine local control efforts.

Therapeutic efficacy and artemisinin resistance in northern Myanmar: evidence from in vivo and molecular marker studies.

Background: In Myanmar, three types of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) are recommended as first-line treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria: artemether-lumefantrine (AL), artesunate-mefloquine (AS + MQ), and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP). Resistance to both artemisinins and ACT partner drugs has been reported from the Greater Mekong Sub-region, and regular efficacy monitoring of the recommended ACT is conducted in Myanmar. This paper reports on results from studies to monitor the efficacy of the three forms of ACT in sentinel sites in northern Myanmar, and investigations of mutations in the Kelch13 (k13) propeller domain.

Treatment Failure of Dihydroartemisinin/Piperaquine for Plasmodium falciparum Malaria, Vietnam.

We conducted a study in Binh Phuoc, Vietnam, in 2015 on the therapeutic efficacy of dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. A high number of treatment failures (14/40) was found, and piperaquine resistance in Vietnam was confirmed. A change in the malaria treatment policy for Vietnam is in process.

Trends in malaria research in 11 Asian Pacific countries: an analysis of peer-reviewed publications over two decades.

Background: Quantitative data are lacking on published malaria research. The purpose of the study is to characterize trends in malaria-related literature from 1990 to 2009 in 11 Asian-Pacific countries that are committed to malaria elimination as a national goal.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted for articles published from January 1990 to December 2009 in PubMed/MEDLINE using terms for malaria and 11 target countries (Bhutan, China, North Korea, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Solomon Islands, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vanuatu).

Adaptive differentiation of Plasmodium falciparum populations inferred from single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) conferring drug resistance and from neutral SNPs.

Background: Theoretical and experimental data support the geographic differentiation strategy as a valuable tool for detecting loci under selection. In the context of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, few populations have been studied, with limited genomic coverage.

Methods: We examined geographic differentiation in P.

Efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose oral combination of pyronaridine-artesunate compared with artemether-lumefantrine in children and adults with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a randomised non-inferiority trial.

Background: There is a need for new artemisinin-based combination therapies that are convenient, effective, and safe. We compared the efficacy and safety of pyronaridine-artesunate with that of artemether-lumefantrine for treatment of uncomplicated P falciparum malaria.

Methods: This phase 3, parallel-group, double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial was undertaken in seven sites in Africa and three sites in southeast Asia.

Pharmacokinetics of sequential and simultaneous treatment with the combination chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the Philippines.

The efficacy and kinetics of the combination chloroquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (CQ + SP), given sequentially and simultaneously, were investigated in 32 patients with acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Palawan Island, the Philippines. Group 1 with 11 patients received oral CQ 25 mg/kg bw over 3 days followed by a single dose of SP (three tablets 250 mg S + 25 mg P) on Day 4 (CQ0 + SP4). Group 2 with 21 patients received a loading dose of CQ 10 mg/kg plus a single dose of SP three tablets on Day 0, and doses of CQ on Days 1 and 2 (CQ0 + SP0).