Classification Algorithms Used in Predicting Glaucoma Progression.

In this paper, various machine learning algorithms were used in order to predict the evolution of open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The datasets were built containing clinical observations and objective measurements made at the Countess of Chester Hospital in the UK and at the "St. Spiridon" Hospital of Iași, Romania.

Choroidal Assessment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy by Swept-Source Ocular Coherence Tomography and Image Binarization.

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate choroidal structure and vascularity indices in patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Materials and Methods: Sixty-three eyes from sixty-three patients were evaluated: 21 from healthy subjects, 20 with diabetes mellitus (DM) and no diabetic retinopathy (DR), and 22 with DM and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy without diabetic macular edema (DME). Each patient underwent ocular examination, macular swept-source ocular coherence tomography (SS-OCT) imaging, glycemic control, and systemic high blood pressure (HBP) evaluation.

Aqueous Humor Cytokines in Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Background and Objectives: Cytokines are cell-signaling proteins whose identification may serve as inflammatory markers or early indicators for progressive disease. The aim of our study was to quantify several cytokines in aqueous humor (AH) and their correlations with biochemical parameters in diabetic eyes with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Materials and Methods: A total of 62 eyes from 62 patients were included in the study: 37 eyes from nondiabetic patients (group 1), 13 diabetic eyes with no retinopathy changes (group 2) and 12 diabetic eyes with early and moderate NPDR (group 3).

Posterior choroidal boundary morphology and segmentation errors influence on choroidal thickness assessment in diabetic patients - a swept-source OCT study.

to evaluate the choroidal morphology and choroidal thickness (CT) in normal and diabetic subjects and to compare the differences between automated segmentation (AS) and manual segmentation (MS) of the choroid. in this observational cross-sectional study we included 48 eyes: 24 normal eyes (group 1), 9 eyes with DM without diabetic retinopathy (DR) (group 2) and 15 eyes with DM and DR (group 3). Swept-source OCT line scans images were analyzed for the presence of the suprachoroidal layer (SCL), choroidal morphology and the CT was measured manually subfoveal and at 750 μ both nasal and temporal to the fovea after AS and MS.

Success of Primary Trabeculectomy in Advanced Open Angle Glaucoma.

Aim: The study assesed trabeculectomy survival in advanced open angle glaucoma (OAG).

Methods: This is a retrospective longitudinal study in advanced OAG undergoing primary trabeculectomy. Clinical and demographic parameters were recorded.

Inflammatory model in patients with primary open angle glaucoma and diabetes.

Aim: To assess the inflammatory cytokines expression in aqueous humor in diabetic primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study on 87 eyes, distributed as following: 26 eyes from diabetic patients, 16 eyes with POAG and 21 eyes from diabetic POAG patients; healthy controls (24 eyes) were recruited from patients undergoing conventional cataract surgery. A volume of 100 µL of aqueous humor (AH) was collected during phacoemulsification and 21 inflammatory markers were quantified using a Luminex cytometric bead assay: IL-1Ra, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, GM-CSF, IFNγ, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL5, CXCL8, bFGF, VEGF, TNFα.

Iris juvenile xanthogranuloma in an infant - spontaneous hyphema and secondary glaucoma.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a benign histiocytic skin disorder mainly encountered during infancy and childhood. Although with multiple potential localizations, less than 1% of the cases exhibit ocular manifestations. Some of these might lead to serious complications, specifically, secondary glaucoma that can result in severe and blinding eye disease.

Outcomes of iontophoretic corneal collagen crosslinking in keratoconic eyes with very thin corneas.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to report the results of iontophoretic corneal collagen crosslinking (I-CXL) with riboflavin and ultraviolet A irradiation in patients affected by keratoconus, each with thinnest pachymetry values of <400 μ (with epithelium) and not treatable using standard epithelium-off technique.Fifteen eyes of 15 patients affected by progressive keratoconus and with thinnest pachymetry values <400 μ underwent I-CXL. The uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuity, maximum and minimum keratometry (K max and K min) readings, corneal thickness at the thinnest point (CTTP), endothelial cell density (ECD), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were assessed before I-CXL, at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.

Predictions of ocular changes caused by diabetes in glaucoma patients.

Background And Objective: This paper builds different neural network models with simple topologies, having one or two hidden layers which were subsequently employed in the prediction of ocular changes progression in patients with diabetes associated with primer open-angle glaucoma.

Material And Methods: For attempting to indicate whether there is a relationship between glaucoma and diabetes, a simulation method, based on artificial neural networks (ANN), Jordan Elman networks (JEN) type, in particular, was applied in conjunction with clinical observation. The study was conducted on a sample of 101 eyes with open angle glaucoma included and, in each case, the patients had associated diabetes mellitus.

Iontophoretic collagen cross-linking versus epithelium-off collagen cross-linking for early stage of progressive keratoconus - 3 years follow-up study.

Purpose: To compare 3-year iontophoretic corneal collagen cross-linking (I-CXL) outcomes with epithelium-off corneal collagen cross-linking (epi-off CXL) for early stage of progressive keratoconus.

Methods: Eighty eyes of 80 patients with early progressive keratoconus treated by I-CXL (n = 40) or epi-off CXL (n = 40) were included in this study. Uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, refraction, corneal topography and pachymetry were assessed at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months of follow-up.

Successful treatment of fungal endophthalmitis using intravitreal caspofungin.

Fungal endophthalmitis is a rare condition often associated with poor prognosis. We present a case of postoperative acute fungal endophthalmitis caused by the yeast-like fungus Stephanoascus ciferrii (Candida ciferrii). The fungus was resistant to fluconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B but susceptible to caspofungin.

Evaluation of Iontophoretic Collagen Cross-linking for Early Stage of Progressive Keratoconus Compared to Standard Cross-linking: A Non-Inferiority Study.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of iontophoretic collagen cross-linking (I-CXL) compared to epithelium-off standard collagen cross-linking (CXL) in treating the early stages of progressive keratoconus.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study at Oftaprof Clinic, Iasi, Romania included 40 eyes of 40 patients with progressive keratoconus stage I according to the Amsler classification who underwent I-CXL and the results were compared with a matched group of 40 eyes from 40 patients who received standard CXL. The follow-up period was 24 months.

Combined etiology for bilateral and simultaneous optic neuropathy in a patient with ciancobalamin deficit and hepatitis C treated with peg-interferon and ribavirin.

We report the case of a 53-year-old female patient who developed bilateral sudden visual acuity loss after 15 weeks from the initiation of Peg-Interferon and Ribavirin treatment for hepatitis C. Debut was simultaneous and asymmetric, reported in the morning, at awakening. No pain or other symptom was reported by the patient.

Risk factors and long term progression in open angle glaucoma patients.

Investigation of perimetric progression rate and associated risk factors in open angle glaucoma, in clinical practice. Retrospective study based on clinical charts reviews of patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) being followed for > 5 years with >/ = 5 SITA Standard visual fields. Demographics, visual acuity (VA), central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP variation, treatment (number of medications), visual fields and associated systemic pathologies were recorded.

Translating data and measurements from stratus to cirrus OCT in glaucoma patients and healthy subjects.

our study tried to find a mathematical conversion method of the measurements obtained in Time Domain (TD) OCT to Spectral Domain (SD) OCT. A prospective randomized, double blind study that included 244 eyes, from 121 patients (normal subjects, glaucoma suspects, glaucoma), in whom we analyzed the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and the optic disc in the same session by using TD OCT (Stratus) and SD OCT (Cirrus), was performed. The means for RNFL thickness (overall value and per quadrants), neural area and cup/ disc (C/ D) ratio, were measured.

Evaluation of peripheral binocular visual field in patients with glaucoma: a pilot study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the peripheral binocular visual field (PBVF) in patients with glaucoma using the threshold strategy of Humphrey Field Analyzer.

Methods: We conducted a case-control pilot study in which we enrolled 59 patients with glaucoma and 20 controls. All participants were evaluated using a custom PBVF test and central 24 degrees monocular visual field tests for each eye using the threshold strategy.

PLATEAU IRIS SYNDROME--CASE SERIES.

Plateau iris is characterized by closing the anterior chamber angle due to a large ciliary body or due to its anterior insertion that alters the position of iris periphery in respect to the trabecular meshwork. There are two aspects that need to be differentiated: plateau iris configuration and plateau iris syndrome. The first describes a situation when the iris root is flat and the anterior chamber is not shallow, the latter refers to a post laser iridotomy condition in which a patent iridotomy has removed the relative pupillary block, but goniscopically confirmed angle closure recurs without central shallowing of the anterior chamber.

SELECTIVE LASER TRABECULOPLASTY--SHORT TERM EFFICACY AND SAFETY PROFILE IN OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA OR OCULAR HYPERTENSION TREATMENT.

Unlabelled: Selective laser trabeculoplasty--medium term efficacy and safety profile in open anlgle glaucoma or ocular hypertension treatment: SLT effect in reducing the intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Material And Method: 70 eyes from 70 patients were included in the study in 2014 (12 months); the established design for this research was prospective and interventional. Patients received indication for SLT treatment as initial procedure or as adjuvant method in reducing the intraocular pressure when insufficient control with topical medication was noted.

Ophthalmological implications of the chronic infections with the hepatitis C Virus.

Report of a clinical case reuniting the dry eye syndrome in a severe form, the Mooren's ulcer and necrotizing anterior scleritis with inflammation, with bilateral affectation in the context of chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus. A female patient aged 66 diagnosed with chronic hepatitis with HCV, with ophthalmological antecedents of Mooren's ulcer and severe form of dry eye syndrome in both eyes, comes to the emergency unit with hypopyon corneal ulcer in the right eye, shortly afterwards developing necrotizing anterior scleritis with inflammation. The patient is administered treatment for chronic hepatitis C, following which the ARN-HCV viremia decreases without ocular exacerbations.

Partial results after treatment of diabetic macular edema with Bevacizumab.

To present the morphological and functional results after treating diabetic macular edema with Bevacizumab. It is a prospective trial which includes 15 patients with diabetic macular edema (proved by OCT and fluorescein angiography examination). The inclusion criteria are: central retinal thickness over 250 µm, visual acuity of the studied eye between 0.

Intraocular biodistribution of intravitreal injected chitosan/gelatin nanoparticles.

The aim of this study was to evaluate intraocular biodistribution of a fluorescent polymeric nanosystem composed of chitosan and gelatin after intravitreal administration in rat eyes. The nanoparticles based on chitosan and gelatin were synthesized using a reverse emulsion-double cross-linking technique (ionic and covalent) and their structural characteristics are presented. Two units of 1% suspension of fluorescein-labeled nanoparticles in saline solution were injected intravitreal in rat eyes.

[Long-term course of visual acuity in patients with cataract surgery].

Purpose: To compare immediate and 5 years postoperatively visual acuity (VA), after uncomplicated cataract surgery and emphasizing the main causes of visual acuity loss.

Material And Methods: This is a retrospective study that included 475 eyes that underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery between 2003-2007 by the same surgeon. 51 patients (73 eyes) returned to the last followup visit, 5 years postoperatively.

[Laser refractive surgery for moderate or high myopic astigmatism--1 year outcome].

Purpose: To evaluate the medium term postoperative clinical outcomes in eyes with medium and high myopic astigmatism that had excimer laser refractive surgery (LASIK and PRK).

Setting: Oftaprof Clinic, Iasi.

Material And Methods: This prospective interventional study comprised 74 eyes with myopic astigmatism 2D who had excimer laser refractive surgery.

Is there any difference in target intraocular pressure for exfoliative glaucoma patients with cardiovascular disease history?

Purpose: To investigate if patients with exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) require different target intraocular pressure (IOP) compared to patients with XFG with no CVD for long-term stability.

Methods: A retrospective, multicenter, observational cohort analysis included consecutive patients with XFG from 9 European academic centers, with a minimum of 5 years follow-up.

Results: In 201 patients, there was a statistical difference between progressed and non-progressed patients in mean (p=0.

[The use of tissue plasminogen activator in the post-operative treatment of fibrinoid uveitis].

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tissue plasminogen activator in management of postoperative fibrinous uveitis.

Material And Method: Prospective study, interventional case series including 13 patients who developed fibrinous membrane in anterior chamber; patients were operated for cataract (4 cases), for cataract and glaucoma (7 cases) and for corneoscleral lacerations (2 cases). Initial treatment consisted of corticosteroid administration (topically, subconjunctival +/- systemic) and mydriatic-cycloplegic drugs.