Pharmacy students' perceptions of clinical reasoning development through a foundational thinking application framework.

Background And Purpose: Pharmacy students must learn to integrate the foundational and clinical sciences to make therapeutic decisions. There is a need for a developmental framework and scaffolding tools to bridge foundational knowledge with clinical reasoning among novice learners in pharmacy education. Our purpose is to describe the development and student perceptions of a framework designed to integrate foundational knowledge and clinical reasoning in second-year pharmacy students.