Self-reported sleep quality and exercise in polycystic ovary syndrome: A secondary analysis of a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To examine the proportion of participants with poor sleep quality, evaluate the associations between sleep quality and anthropometric and cardiometabolic health markers, and evaluate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and continuous aerobic exercise training (CAET) on sleep quality in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Secondary analysis of a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Patients: Women with PCOS aged 18-40 years.

Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Objectively Measured Moderate- to Vigorous-intensity Physical Activity in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Cross-sectional Results From the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007 to 2017).

Objectives: Individuals with type 2 diabetes should engage in ≥150 min of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) weekly, but most do not meet this guideline. Understanding how social determinants correlate with physical activity in adults with type 2 diabetes may improve development and delivery of physical activity interventions. This study aimed to explore associations between objectively measured MVPA with sociodemographic characteristics in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Approaches to Psychosocial Care Within Tertiary Diabetes Care Centres in Canada: An Environmental Scan.

Background: Patients with diabetes facing psychosocial challenges often struggle with diabetes self-management, and thereby are at risk of complications arising from hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. Despite the Diabetes Canada Clinical Practice Guidelines' recommendations for diabetes centres to offer psychosocial services for the screening and support of patients with psychosocial barriers, the extent to which these recommendations have been implemented in centres across Canada is unknown.

Methods: Tertiary adult diabetes centres affiliated with academic institutions were invited to participate in our quantitative survey (n=40).

Harassment in the Field of Medicine: Cultural Barriers to Psychological Safety.

Psychologically safe organizational cultures are inherently inclusive and promote healthy sharing of power and knowledge. These conditions allow innovation to thrive and optimize member performance. Unfortunately, despite its evidence-based nature, the field of medicine continues to struggle with providing safe environments for its members.

Prevalence of and risk factors for excess weight gain in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study using survey data.

Background: Maternal weight gain during pregnancy is required for fetal development; however, excess gestational weight gain is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity. We aimed to determine the proportion of Canadian women who gained excess weight during pregnancy and to identify risk factors for excess gestational weight gain.

Methods: Self-reported data on maternal weight gain were collected from the 2015/16 and 2017/18 cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), a cross-sectional population-based survey.

Sexual Activity After Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Qualitative Approach to Patient and Partner Experiences.

Background: Little is known about how best to support both patients and their partners in the reengagement of sexual activity (SA) after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), with sparse direct data from the partner on their needs and concerns in the area of SA support.

Objectives: We undertook a qualitative study to address this gap in the literature through 3 objectives from a patient and partner perspective: (1) to characterize the experience of reengaging in SA post ACS, (2) to identify needs and priorities in the area of SA support post ACS, and (3) to determine whether cardiac rehabilitation (CR) could be an acceptable point of intervention for SA support.

Methods: Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 6 male patients who were post ACS and their partners (age range, 47-81 years).

Comparative Success of Recruitment Strategies for an Exercise Intervention Trial Among Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Observational Study.

Background: Effective and efficient participant recruitment is a key determinant of the success of a research program. Previously reported recruitment strategies have displayed variable success rates in studies on women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and cost per participant of the recruitment strategies that we used in a prospective randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of exercise training among inactive women with PCOS, who are aged 18-40 years.

Proceedings From The 11th Annual University Of Calgary Leaders In Medicine Research Symposium.

On November 8th, 2019, the Cumming School of Medicine at the University of Calgary hosted the 11th annual Leaders in Medicine (LIM) Research Symposium. Dr. Donald A.

Systematic review and meta-analysis: SGLT2 inhibitors, blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes.

Objective: Clinical trials suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes, however the mechanism is unclear. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that blood pressure reduction is one potential mechanism underlying the observed improvements in cardiovascular outcomes with SGLT2 inhibitors.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (inception-June 2019) for randomized controlled trials that reported the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors compared with placebo on cardiovascular outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Exercise training and reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Exercise is recommended for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the most effective exercise prescription is unclear. This trial compared effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), continuous aerobic exercise training (CAET) and no-exercise control on reproductive, anthropometric and cardiometabolic outcomes in PCOS.

Design: Pilot randomized controlled trial.

Malignancy risk of hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules compared with non-toxic nodules: systematic review and a meta-analysis.

Background: Hyperfunctioning or hot nodules are thought to be rarely malignant. As such, current guidelines recommend that hot nodules be excluded from further malignancy risk stratification. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the malignancy risk in hot nodules and non-toxic nodules in observational studies.

The Challenges of Identifying Environmental Determinants of Type 1 Diabetes: In Search of the Holy Grail.

Type 1 diabetes is the result of autoimmune-mediated destruction and inflammation of the insulin-producing β-cells of the pancreas. The excess morbidity and mortality from its complications coupled with its increasing incidence emphasize the importance to better understand the etiology of this condition. It has a strong genetic component, but a genetic predisposition is not the sole contributor to disease development as only 30% to 50% of identical twins both develop the disease.

Sex Differences in Endovascular Treatment for Stroke: A Population-based Analysis.

Background: Acute ischemic stroke may affect women and men differently. We aimed to evaluate sex differences in outcomes of endovascular treatment (EVT) for ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion in a population-based study in Alberta, Canada.

Methods And Results: Over a 3-year period (April 2015-March 2018), 576 patients fit the inclusion criteria of our study and constituted the EVT group of our analysis.

Frequency of laboratory testing and associated abnormalities in patients with hypertension.

Clinical practice guidelines recommend several routine laboratory tests in patients diagnosed with hypertension. However, the rates of clinically relevant laboratory abnormalities are unknown. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using administrative and laboratory data of patients diagnosed with hypertension between April 2010 and March 2015 in Alberta, Canada.

Long-Term Physical Activity Levels After the End of a Structured Exercise Intervention in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Randomized, controlled trials have shown that exercise interventions reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in people with impaired glucose tolerance, and improve glycemic control, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in people with type 2 diabetes. We undertook the present systematic review to determine the extent to which participants in structured exercise trials continue to be physically active after the end of the interventions.

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for randomized, controlled trials that reported objective or self-reported physical activity levels in people with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes a minimum of 3 months after the end of a structured exercise intervention.

Hypertension Canada's 2020 Evidence Review and Guidelines for the Management of Resistant Hypertension.

We present Hypertension Canada's inaugural evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of resistant hypertension. Hypertension is present in 21% of the Canadian population, and among those with hypertension, resistant hypertension has an estimated prevalence from 10% to 30%. This subgroup of hypertensive individuals is important, because resistant hypertension portends a high cardiovascular risk.

Hypertension Canada's 2020 Comprehensive Guidelines for the Prevention, Diagnosis, Risk Assessment, and Treatment of Hypertension in Adults and Children.

Hypertension Canada's 2020 guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment of hypertension in adults and children provide comprehensive, evidence-based guidance for health care professionals and patients. Hypertension Canada develops the guidelines using rigourous methodology, carefully mitigating the risk of bias in our process. All draft recommendations undergo critical review by expert methodologists without conflict to ensure quality.

Comparative Effectiveness of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Population-Based Analysis.

Background A heterogeneous patient population receives endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke caused by proximal large-vessel occlusion every day. We aimed to conduct a population-based study of EVT in the province of Alberta, Canada, to understand the effectiveness in a complete population and how the magnitude of effect differs from the artificial world of clinical trials. Methods and Results Within a 3-year period (April 2015 to March 2018), 576 patients fit the inclusion criteria of our study and constituted the EVT group of our analysis.

Treatment for lymphoma and late cardiovascular disease risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Lymphoma patients are frequently treated with cancer therapies that may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes later in life, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. We sought to investigate the long-term risk of CVD in this survivor population relative to the general population to quantify this health burden.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL databases, from date of inception to November 2016, with additional searches completed through June 2018.

Predicting the risk of stroke among patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of C-statistics.

Objective: Stroke is a major cause of disability and death worldwide. People with diabetes are at a twofold to fivefold increased risk for stroke compared with people without diabetes. This study systematically reviews the literature on available stroke prediction models specifically developed or validated in patients with diabetes and assesses their predictive performance through meta-analysis.

Proceedings from the 9th Annual University of Calgary Leaders in Medicine Research Symposium.

On November 3, 2017 the Leaders in Medicine (LIM) program at the University of Calgary's Cumming School of Medicine hosted the 9th Annual Leaders in Medicine (LIM) Symposium. This year's event commemorated 20 years of the LIM program and its dedication to the training of clinician- scientists.