Prognostic significance of cytokine dysregulation in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Background: Understanding the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 has yielded valuable insights into predicting adverse outcomes-particularly mortality. However, significant gaps persist in our comprehension of the complex interplay among the proposed pathophysiological mechanisms. Here, we aim to investigate the immunological factors associated with mortality in critically ill, unvaccinated COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Correction to "Performance of a serological IgM and IgG qualitative test for COVID-19 diagnosis: An experimental study in Brazil".

[This corrects the article on p. 100 in vol. 12, PMID: 36196438.

Effects of 5α-dihydrotestosterone on the modulation of monocyte/macrophage response to Staphylococcus aureus: an in vitro study.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a pathogen responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations and potentially fatal conditions. There is a paucity of information on the influence of androgens in the immune response to S.

Performance of a serological IgM and IgG qualitative test for COVID-19 diagnosis: An experimental study in Brazil.

Qualitative antibody tests are an easy, point-of-care diagnostic method that is useful in diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019, especially in situations where reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction is negative. However, some factors are able to affect its sensitivity and accuracy, which may contribute to these tests not being used as a first-line diagnostic tool.

Relationship between Th17 immune response and cancer.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and epidemiological projections predict growing cancer mortality rates in the next decades. Cancer has a close relationship with the immune system and, although Th17 cells are known to play roles in the immune response against microorganisms and in autoimmunity, studies have emphasized their roles in cancer pathogenesis. The Th17 immune response profile is involved in several types of cancer including urogenital, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin cancers.

Photodynamic therapy for American cutaneous leishmaniasis: the efficacy of methylene blue in hamsters experimentally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) using Methylene Blue (MB) as the photosensitizing compound and a Light-Emitting Diode (LED) in American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). Hamsters were experimentally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. After the development of the lesions in the footpad, the animals were treated with MB three times a week for 3 months.

Cellular immune responses in mice immunized with Anisakis simplex larval antigens.

Cellular immune responses to Anisakis simplex L3 antigens were investigated in BALB/c mice injected subcutaneously with a homologous crude extract (CE). Popliteal lymph nodes (PLN) were found to be increased in size and weight after A. simplex CE footpad injection.

Control of parasitic infections among school children in the peri-urban area of Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.

The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis was investigated in a primary school located in Rubião Júnior, a peri-urban district of Botucatu, São Paulo state, Brazil, in order to assess the effect of treatment and practical measures of prophylaxis in the control of parasitic infections among 7-to-18-year-old school children of a low socio-economic status. The first series of parasitological examinations included 219 school children, of which 123 (56.1%) were found to be infected with one or more parasite species.

New Zealand black mice are immunologically resistant to high-dose, but not low-dose Leishmania mexicana infection.

The course of infection following s.c. inoculation of a wide dose range of L.

Quantitative study of Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis reactive T cells in peripheral blood and in the lesions of patients with American mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.

A limiting dilution analysis (LDA) was utilized to estimate the frequency of L. braziliensis braziliensis reactive T cells (Lbb-T cells) in peripheral blood and in the lesions of patients with mild localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) or with severe mucosal leishmaniasis (MCL). The frequencies of Lbb-T cells in peripheral blood varied from 1:107300 to 1:3587 and were not significantly different in MCL and LCL patients.

Quantification of Leishmania-specific T cells in human American cutaneous leishmaniasis (Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis) by limiting dilution analysis.

Limiting dilution analysis was used to estimate the frequency of Leishmania-specific T cells from the peripheral blood of 18 human cases of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL). Sixteen patients had localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) and two were recovered LCL patients. In 10 patients with active disease and in two with healed lesions the Leishmania-specific T cell frequencies ranged from 1/10(5) to 1/10(3).

Generation of Leishmania-specific short-term T-cell lines derived from peripheral blood of cured American cutaneous leishmaniasis patients.

The putative protective immune response in localized cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis (Lbb) was analysed by generation of short term T-cell lines from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of three patients. All had had active skin lesions but were clinically cured at the time of study. PBL were stimulated in vitro with sonicated Lbb promastigotes; blasts were isolated after 5 days and propagated for 9 to 16 days before being tested for proliferative capacity.

A simple method to deplete human interleukin 2-containing medium of phytohemagglutinin by filtration through a concanavalin A sepharose 4B column.

A method is presented to deplete human interleukin 2 (IL-2) containing conditioned medium of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) by filtration through a concanavalin A Sepharose 4B (Con A Seph 4B) column. The presence of residual PHA was determined by measuring the mitogenic effect of treated medium on freshly isolated blood mononuclear cells as well as by counter-immunoelectrophoresis using an anti-PHA serum. A one-step passage over a Con A Seph 4B column removes 80% or more of the PHA present in conditioned medium without a significant loss of IL-2 activity.