Thallium in Technosols from Allchar (North Macedonia): Isotopic and speciation insights.

Allchar (North Macedonia) mining area is known for anomalous background Tl concentrations. In this study, we combine accurate detection of Tl stable isotope ratios with data on mineralogy/speciation and chemical extraction of Tl in Tl-contaminated Technosol profiles. We demonstrate that Tl in the studied soils varies significantly in both concentration (500 mg/kg-18 g/kg) and isotopic composition (-1.

Control and Entanglement of Individual Rydberg Atoms near a Nanoscale Device.

Coherent control of Rydberg atoms near dielectric surfaces is a major challenge due to the large sensitivity of Rydberg states to electric fields. We demonstrate coherent single-atom operations and two-qubit entanglement as close as 100  μm from a nanophotonic device. Using the individual atom control enabled by optical tweezers to study the spatial and temporal properties of the electric field from the surface, we employ dynamical decoupling techniques to characterize and cancel the electric-field noise with submicrosecond temporal resolution.

Comprehensive study of phenolic profile and biochemical activity of monovarietal red and white wines from Fruška Gora region, Serbia.

This paper presents a comprehensive study of commercially available monovarietal red and white wines from Fruška Gora mountain in Serbia, conducted to characterize their chemical and biochemical properties. Namely, 72 wines of 18 different Vitis vinifera varieties, including international, domestic and autochthonous ones, were assessed. Phenolic profile of wines was determined qualitatively, using spectrophotometric methods, and quantitatively, using LC-MS/MS and HPLC-UV/VIS methods.

Phytochemical Investigation of Cuscuta campestris Yunck. Stem Extract and Evaluation of Its Bioherbicidal Effect on Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Portulaca oleracea L.

This study focused on characterizing chemically and evaluating in vitro allelopathic and bioherbicidal potential of secondary metabolites extracted from the stem of Cuscuta campestris in seed germination, early seedling growth and early plant growth of Amaranthus retroflexus and Portulaca oleracea. The combined effects of stem extract and a reduced dose of herbicide metribuzin were also examined. Plant extract contained 17 phenolic compounds and the most abundant phenols were flavonoids: quercetin, (+)-catechin, daidzin, luteolin, and rutin.

Characterization of the clomazone sorption process in four agricultural soils using different kinetic models.

Kinetic studies are important for understanding the parameters and processes involved in the sorption of pesticides to soil. Considering the agricultural and environmental relevance of clomazone, its sorption kinetics was studied in four agricultural soils (Regosol, Planosol, Chernozem and Vertisol) at two concentrations (0.5 and 15 mg L).

Phytotoxicity and allelopathic potential of L. leaf extract.

Implementation of plant extracts that are rich in phytochemicals and have the allelopathic potential for weed management could help reduce the use of chemical herbicides. The present study investigated the herbicidal potential of walnut ( L.) leaf extract (WLE) against two weeds, L.

Investigation of Calcium Forms in Lichens from Travertine Sites.

Lichens are symbiotic organisms with an extraordinary capability to colonise areas of extreme climate and heavily contaminated sites, such as metal-rich habitats. Lichens have developed several mechanisms to overcome the toxicity of metals, including the ability to bind metal cations to extracellular sites of symbiotic partners and to subsequently form oxalates. Calcium is an essential alkaline earth element that is important in various cell processes.

Entanglement transport and a nanophotonic interface for atoms in optical tweezers.

The realization of an efficient quantum optical interface for multi-qubit systems is an outstanding challenge in science and engineering. Using two atoms in individually controlled optical tweezers coupled to a nanofabricated photonic crystal cavity, we demonstrate entanglement generation, fast nondestructive readout, and full quantum control of atomic qubits. The entangled state is verified in free space after being transported away from the cavity by encoding the qubits into long-lived states and using dynamical decoupling.

Effects of the technical ingredient clomazone and its two formulated products on aquatic macrophytes.

One active ingredient can be a component of different types of formulations of pesticides, while the toxicity of its formulations may vary depending on various constituents used in the mixture. The present study focuses on evaluating the effects of the active ingredient clomazone and its formulations (Rampa® EC and GAT Cenit 36 CS, both containing 360 g a.i.

Advance diversity of enzymatically modified arabinoxylan from wheat chaff.

Hydrolysates of arabinoxylan extracted from wheat chaff were prepared using different enzymatic treatments with an emphasis on improvements in their anti-diabetic, antioxidant and functional characteristics. The extracted arabinoxylan was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using individual xylanase, arabinofuranosidase, and feruloyl esterase, and their combinations. In all obtained hydrolysates, peaks corresponding to molecular weight lower than 38 kDa were noticed, while non-hydrolysed arabinoxylan had only peaks corresponding to 580 and 38 kDa.

Effects of mixtures of allelopathic plant water extracts and a herbicide on weed suppression.

The present study investigated integrated effects of two allelopathic plant water extracts (WE) ( [AMBEL] and [XANST]) and a herbicide (mesotrione) on morphological (height and fresh weight of plants) and physiological (pigments content) parameters of and . Also, the study aimed to identify the main components of AMBEL and XANST WE and to evaluate their potential allelopathic effects. Of the 18 investigated compounds, 13 were detected in both tested WE, and -coumaric acid was the leading component in AMBEL, while quinic acid was the predominant component of XANST.

Strong Coupling of Two Individually Controlled Atoms via a Nanophotonic Cavity.

We demonstrate photon-mediated interactions between two individually trapped atoms coupled to a nanophotonic cavity. Specifically, we observe collective enhancement when the atoms are resonant with the cavity and level repulsion when the cavity is coupled to the atoms in the dispersive regime. Our approach makes use of individual control over the internal states of the atoms and their position with respect to the cavity mode, as well as the light shifts to tune atomic transitions individually, allowing us to directly observe the anticrossing of the bright and dark two-atom states.

Geochemical distribution of selected elements in flotation tailings and soils/sediments from the dam spill at the abandoned antimony mine Stolice, Serbia.

Materials held within mine tailings pose a serious risk to the environment in cases of tailings dam failure. Collapse of the tailing dam at the Stolice antimony mine in West Serbia caused a spilling of tailing slurry into the nearby river watersheds. Medium-term effects of As, Pb, Sb, Zn, and Cd from the tailings material that remained in the flooded zone 3 years after the initial exposure were evaluated.

Phenolic Compounds and Allelopathic Potential of Fermented and Unfermented Wheat and Corn Straw Extracts.

Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content, individual phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of wheat and corn straw were determined. Germination bioassay was conducted with Abutilon theophrasti Medik., Asclepias syriaca L.

A method for reducing environmental pollution by using essential oils in rodent pest management program.

Strong-smelling plant extracts, such as essential oils, have a variety of feeding effects on mammals. Considering current concerns over long-term health issues and environmental effects of chemicals, plant-based products with repellent or antifungal activities may represent good solutions for improvement of rodent pest control programs. The present study was therefore focused on examining the effects of bergamot, lavender, and thyme essential oils as additional bait components on daily intakes of cereal-based baits by wild house mice.

Environmental-friendly technologies for the production of antioxidant xylooligosaccharides from wheat chaff.

Ultrasound irradiation and enzymatic hydrolysis were applied for the production of antioxidant xylooligosaccharides from wheat chaff. To facilitate enzyme action, 3% (w/w) suspension of raw material was pretreated by ultrasound at 25Hz, 540W for 10min. Ultrasound treatment released xylooligosaccharides with predominant xylotriose into liquid fraction which expressed 1.

Oxytocin in corticosterone-induced chronic stress model: Focus on adrenal gland function.

Chronic stress conditions can lead to considerable and extensible changes in physiological and psychological performances, and in emergence of risk for various somatic diseases. On the other hand, the neuropeptide oxytocin is reported to increase the resistance of the organism to stress and modulate activity of autonomic nervous system. Chronic corticosterone administration is used as a rat model for a state observed in terms of chronic stress exposure, when negative feedback mechanism of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activity is disrupted.

The potency of and to dissipate organophosphorus pesticides in wheat during fermentation.

The degradation behaviour of pirimiphos methyl with and chlorpyrifos methyl with in wheat during fermentation was studied. Yeast fermentation was especially effective for reduction of pirimiphos methyl applied at 5 mg kg (maximum residue limit-MRL) causing dissipation for max 48.8%.

Crystal structure of the tetra-gonal polymorph of bis-(1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium) tetra-bromido-cadmate.

Both unique Cd atoms in the tetra-gonal polymorph of bis-(1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium) tetra-bromido-cadmate, (C6H11N2)2[CdBr4], occupy special positions (site symmetry -4). The crystal structure consists of isolated tetra-hedral [CdBr4](2-) anions which are surrounded by 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium cations. The methyl and ethyl side chains of the cations show positional disorder in a 0.

Evaluation of Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the Presence of Bifenthrin.

This work describes the effect of insecticide bifenthrin on Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Growths of used microorganisms in growth media supplemented with pesticide were studied. Determination of bacterial and yeast fermentation efficiency in wheat supplemented with bifenthrin was conducted.

An investigation of polyhedral deformation in two mixed-metal diarsenates: SrZnAs₂O₇ and BaCuAs₂O₇.

Two isostructural diarsenates, SrZnAs2O7 (strontium zinc diarsenate), (I), and BaCuAs2O7 [barium copper(II) diarsenate], (II), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The three-dimensional open-framework crystal structure consists of corner-sharing M2O5 (M2 = Zn or Cu) square pyramids and diarsenate (As2O7) groups. Each As2O7 group shares its five corners with five different M2O5 square pyramids.

Simple method for locking birefringent resonators.

We report on a simple method of locking a laser to a birefringent cavity using polarization spectroscopy. The birefringence of the resonator permits the simple extraction of an error signal by using one polarization state as a phase reference for another state. No modulation of the light or the resonator is required, reducing the complexity of the laser locking setup.

Ionothermal synthesis and crystal structure of a new organic-inorganic hybrid compound: catena-poly[bis(1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium) [hepta-μ-bromido-pentacuprate(I)]].

A new organic-inorganic hybrid compound, catena-poly[bis(1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium) [μ5-bromido-tri-μ3-bromido-tri-μ2-bromido-pentacuprate(I)]], {(C6H11N2)2[Cu5Br7]}n, has been obtained under ionothermal conditions from a reaction mixture containing Ba(OH)2·8H2O, Cu(OH)2·2H2O, As2O5, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide and distilled water. The crystal structure consists of complex [Cu5Br7](2-) anions arranged in sinusoidal {[Cu5Br7](2-)}n chains running along the a axis, which are surrounded by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cations. Three of the five unique Br atoms and one of the three Cu(I) atoms occupy special positions with half-occupancy (a mirror plane perpendicular to the b axis, site symmetry m).

Dissipation of pirimiphos-methyl during wheat fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum.

In this study, the dissipation of pirimiphos-methyl during wheat fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum was investigated. Sample preparation for GC/MS detection of pirimiphos-methyl residues from fermented wheat substrate was carried out by two steps: extraction with 25 mL of methanol : acetone = 1 : 1 solvent mix for 30 min, followed by clean-up procedure through a glass column with florisil coupled with elution by 25 mL of ethyl acetate : acetone = 4 : 1. To obtain the highest pesticide degradation level, the fermentation conditions were optimized according to response surface methodology.