Performance of Febrile Infant Decision Tools on Hypothermic Infants Evaluated for Infection.

Background: Given the lack of evidence-based guidelines for hypothermic infants, providers may be inclined to use febrile infant decision-making tools to guide management decisions. Our objective was to assess the diagnostic performance of febrile infant decision tools for identifying hypothermic infants at low risk of bacterial infection.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort study of hypothermic (≤36.

Variation in Care of Well-Appearing Hypothermic Young Infants: A Multisite Study.

Background And Objectives: Numerous decision tools have emerged to guide management of febrile infants, but limited data exist to guide the care of young infants presenting with hypothermia. We evaluated the variation in care for well-appearing hypothermic young infants in the hospital and/or emergency department setting between participating sites.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of well-appearing infants ≤90 days old across 9 academic medical centers from September 1, 2016 to May 5, 2021.

Identifying entrustable professional activities for MD program in biochemistry-A modified Delphi approach.

Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) facilitate competency-based assessments. India is on the verge of implementing competency-based training for postgraduate programs. MD degree in Biochemistry is a unique program available exclusively in India.

Rare presentation of eosinophilic granulomatosis polyangiitis with left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis in a child.

Eosinophilic granulomatosis polyangiitis represents less than 2% of vasculitis cases in childhood. Children have worse long-term outcomes and higher mortality. Cardiac involvement portends a worse prognosis.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted with acute heart failure: insights from a single-center heart failure registry in South India.

Background: The epidemiology of HF in India is largely unexplored. Current resources are based on a few hospital-based and a community-based registry from North India. Thus, we present the data from a single hospital-based registry in South India.

Common arterial trunk with intact septum and hypoplastic right ventricle: An uncommon embryological entity.

Embryologically, the common arterial trunk (CAT) is due to the failure of septation by the major outflow cushions. This invariably leads to the presence of an associated large juxta-arterial ventricular septal defect. Overriding of the ventricular septum leads to its biventricular origin in more than 2/3 of cases.

Supraventricular tachycardia in one of the twins: The ethical dilemmas involved in treatment.

The pediatric cardiologist now has an important role to play in fetal medicine. They are often called upon to manage fetal cardiac problems such as arrhythmias or perform fetal cardiac interventions such as balloon valvuloplasty or atrial septostomy. In these scenarios, it becomes very important for the pediatric cardiologist to understand the concepts of "fetus as a patient," "viability," etc.

"SPORTS ARE FUN": A Guide for the Discussion of Sport-Related Films.

Sport participation is an important part of the development of children and adolescents in the United States. Due to the popularity of sport-related films, coaches, athletic trainers, and parents have used these films to both educate and motivate pediatric athletes. The objective of this study was to develop a discussion guide template based on common positive and negative themes depicted in sport-related films, and demonstrate the application of this discussion guide template to a select number of sport-related films released from 2014 to 2018.

Prospective concurrent head-to head comparison of three different types of nitinol occluder device for transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects.

Aims: Previous comparisons between AMPLATZER septal occluders and other designs were retrospective, non-randomised, non-concurrent and involved fewer patients. A prospective concurrent head-to-head comparison of AMPLATZER (ASO), Cera (CSO) and Figulla (FSO) septal occluders was planned to study the patient outcomes.

Methods And Results: The three occluders were serially allocated in a cycle of three to consecutively included patients.

Symptomatic improvement using everolimus in infants with cardiac rhabdomyoma.

Background: Cardiac rhabdomyoma (CR) often shows spontaneous regression and needs close follow-up. These tumors may be associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), caused by the disinhibition of m-TOR protein.

Objective: The aim of the study is to observe the efficacy of everolimus in infants with significant CR.

Virus-induced gene silencing database for phenomics and functional genomics in .

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an important forward and reverse genetics method for the study of gene function in many plant species, especially . However, despite the widespread use of VIGS, a searchable database compiling the phenotypes observed with this method is lacking. Such a database would allow researchers to know the phenotype associated with the silencing of a large number of individual genes without experimentation.

Neurodevelopmental Delay Diagnosis Rates Are Increased in a Region with Aerial Pesticide Application.

A number of studies have implicated pesticides in childhood developmental delay (DD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The influence of the route of pesticide exposure on neurodevelopmental delay is not well defined. To study this factor, we examined ASD/DD diagnoses rates in an area near our regional medical center that employs yearly aerial pyrethroid pesticide applications to combat mosquito-borne encephalitis.

Timing of single balloon enteroscopy: significant or not?

Background: The development of balloon assisted enteroscopy (BAE) has revolutionized diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for small-bowel disorders. Although the role of emergent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy for upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding is well defined, there is scarce data with regard to emergent BAE for gastrointestinal bleeding.

Study: We performed a retrospective cohort study including 110 hospitalized patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding who underwent single balloon enteroscopy (SBE) between January 2010 and August 2013.

The safety and efficacy of single balloon enteroscopy in the elderly.

Background: Single balloon enteroscopy (SBE) is an important tool in the management of small bowel disease with limited data available on its performance in the elderly. We aimed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes of SBE in the elderly.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 366 patients undergoing 428 SBEs from 2010 to 2014.

Splenic Avulsion Following PEG Tube Placement: A Rare but Serious Complication.

Placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube is a common procedure to allow for enteral nutrition in patients with multiple indications. PEG tube placement is a safe procedure with minor complications such as site infection and irritation. One of the more severe complications is splenic laceration, which may result in intra-peritoneal bleeding and manifest as an acute abdomen.

An atypical case of right-sided bochdalek hernia in an adult.

Bochdalek hernias are usually congenital in nature and normally present after birth. However, in rare cases, these hernias are present in adulthood. We report an unusual case of a posttraumatic right-sided Bochdalek hernia found incidentally in an adult and treated successfully with conservative management.

Thoracostomy tubes: A comprehensive review of complications and related topics.

Tube thoracostomy (TT) placement belongs among the most commonly performed procedures. Despite many benefits of TT drainage, potential for significant morbidity and mortality exists. Abdominal or thoracic injury, fistula formation and vascular trauma are among the most serious, but more common complications such as recurrent pneumothorax, insertion site infection and nonfunctioning or malpositioned TT also represent a significant source of morbidity and treatment cost.

Foreign body aspiration presenting with asthma-like symptoms.

Aspiration of a foreign body into the tracheobronchial tree is rare in adults. In the majority of these cases there is an underlying condition such as mental retardation, depressed mental status, impairment in the swallowing reflex, neurological impairment, alcohol or sedative abuse, or complications from dental manipulations that contributed to the aspiration. These patients are commonly misdiagnosed with asthma and typically do not respond to mainstay anti-inflammatory and/or bronchodilator therapy.

Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm.

Here, we report advanced materials and devices that enable high-efficiency mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion from the natural contractile and relaxation motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm, demonstrated in several different animal models, each of which has organs with sizes that approach human scales. A cointegrated collection of such energy-harvesting elements with rectifiers and microbatteries provides an entire flexible system, capable of viable integration with the beating heart via medical sutures and operation with efficiencies of ∼2%. Additional experiments, computational models, and results in multilayer configurations capture the key behaviors, illuminate essential design aspects, and offer sufficient power outputs for operation of pacemakers, with or without battery assist.

A rare case presentation of a perforated giant sigmoid diverticulum.

Giant sigmoid diverticulum (GSD) is a rare complication of diverticulosis. These lesions arise from herniations of the mucosa through the muscle wall which progressively enlarge with colonic gas to become large air-filled cysts evident on plain X-ray and CT scans. We present a rare case of a 72-year-old female presenting with abdominal distention, abdominal tenderness, and fever who developed a type 1 giant sigmoid diverticulum (pseudodiverticulum) that subsequently formed an intra-abdominal abscess and an accompanying type 2 diverticulum as well.

Potential role of oral anticoagulants in the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease: focus on dabigatran.

The pharmacologic management of patients with high-risk coronary artery disease consists of aspirin and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor. Chronic oral anticoagulation with warfarin is the major treatment strategy to attenuate thromboembolism or stroke in patients with deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, heart failure and atrial fibrillation. A substantial percentage of the latter group of patients have coronary artery disease and may require stenting with long-term dual antiplatelet therapy in addition to therapy with warfarin to reduce arterial ischemic events in addition to stroke.