Circulating Vesicular-bound HLA-G as Noninvasive Predictive Biomarker of CLAD After Lung Transplantation.

Background: Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown promising results as noninvasive biomarkers for predicting disease outcomes in solid organ transplantation. Because in situ graft cell expression of the tolerogenic molecule HLA-G is associated with acceptance after lung transplantation (LTx), we hypothesized that plasma EV-bound HLA-G (HLA-GEV) levels could predict chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) development.

Methods: We analyzed 78 LTx recipients from the Cohort-for-Lung-Transplantation cohort, all in a stable (STA) state within the first year post-LTx.

Reducing pain by using venous blood gas instead of arterial blood gas (VEINART): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Venous sampling for blood gas analysis has been suggested as an alternative to arterial sampling in order to reduce pain. The main objective was to compare pain induced by venous and arterial sampling and to assess whether the type of sampling would affect clinical management or not.

Methods: We performed an open-label randomised multicentre prospective study in four French EDs during a 4-week period.