Fifteen-minute consultation: The prepubescent gender-diverse child: how to answer parents' questions.

Parents and caregivers may seek help with different questions or concerns on how to handle the diverse gender expressions of their children. Sometimes the issue may be evident while seeking medical advice for other concerns. Because of the many uncertainties around this topic, clinicians need to know what to say and what can be done to provide the best possible care for gender-diverse children.

Case Report: Somatic Symptoms Veiling Gender Dysphoria in an Adolescent.

Somatic symptom disorder is common in children and adolescents; usually, it is an expression of a mental health problem or other conditions that lead to psychosocial impairment and suffering. Among these, in pubertal age, gender dysphoria should be considered. We present the case of a 15-year-old girl admitted to the hospital because of a 2-month history of scattered arthralgia and myalgia, headache, and fatigue, with repeated visits to the emergency room.

PMM2-CDG: phenotype and genotype in four affected family members.

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are genetic defects in protein and lipid glycosylation. PMM2-CDG is the most prevalent protein N-glycosylation disorder with more than 700 reported patients. Here we report on a large Italian family with four affected members and three mutations.