Efficacy of adjunctive measures in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: A systematic review.

Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of patient-performed or administered adjunctive measures to non-surgical peri-implantitis therapy in terms of probing depth (PD) and/or bleeding on probing (BoP) reductions.

Materials And Methods: Randomized and controlled clinical trials with at least 6 months of follow-up were searched in three databases. Secondary outcomes included implant loss, disease resolution, recurrence of peri-implantitis, need of re-treatment, changes in marginal bone levels, patient-reported outcomes and adverse effects.

How Do Road Traffic Noise and Residential Greenness Correlate with Noise Annoyance and Long-Term Stress? Protocol and Pilot Study for a Large Field Survey with a Cross-Sectional Design.

Urban areas are continuously growing, and densification is a frequent strategy to limit urban expansion. This generally entails a loss of green spaces (GSs) and an increase in noise pollution, which has negative effects on health. Within the research project RESTORE (Restorative potential of green spaces in noise-polluted environments), an extended cross-sectional field study in the city of Zurich, Switzerland, is conducted.

Association between periodontitis and peripheral markers of innate immunity activation and inflammation.

Background: Immune response leading to increased systemic inflammation is one of the mechanisms linking periodontitis to chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in monocytes and neutrophils (TLR2M, TLR2N, TLR4M, and TLR4N) and its endogenous ligands (cellular fibronectin [cFN] and heat shock protein 60 [HSP60]) in patients with and without periodontitis. Additionally, the relationship between cFN and HSP60 expression with innate immunity activation and systemic inflammatory response (interleukin 6 [IL-6]) was also evaluated.

Comparison of clinical outcomes of immediate versus delayed placement of dental implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Two focused questions were addressed: Focused question (Q1) 1) Are there any differences between immediate and delayed placement in terms of (i) survival rate, (ii) success rate, (iii) radiographic marginal bone levels, (iv) height/(v)thickness of buccal wall, (vi) peri-implant mucosal margin position, (vii) aesthetics outcomes and (viii) patient reported outcomes? Focused question 2 (Q2) What is the estimated effect size of immediate implant placement for all parameters included in Q1?

Materials And Methods: An electronic search (MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and OpenGray) and hand search were conducted up to November 2019. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) with delayed implant placement as controls were eligible in the analysis for Q1. Immediate dental implant arms RCTs, controlled clinical trials (CCTs) and prospective case series of immediate implant placement were eligible in the analysis for Q2.

Peri-implantitis, systemic inflammation, and dyslipidemia: a cross-sectional biochemical study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the inflammatory and lipid profile of patients with and without peri-implantitis.

Methods: A cross-sectional biochemical study was carried out in which blood samples were collected from 16 patients with peri-implantitis and from 31 subjects with healthy implants. Clinical peri-implant parameters were obtained from all subjects.

Adjunctive benefits of systemic metronidazole on non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Aim: To study clinical, radiographic, and microbiological outcomes after non-surgical therapy of peri-implantitis with or without adjunctive systemic metronidazole.

Materials And Methods: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out in 32 subjects (62 implants) diagnosed with peri-implantitis. Implants received a mechanical non-surgical debridement session and systemic metronidazole or placebo.

Mental imagery rotation and graph comprehension of IS-LM macroeconomic models.

The aim of this study was to determine if the ability to rotate mental imagery influenced the comprehension of graphs in economics. A sample of 140 Business Administration undergraduates familiar with economic analysis using graphs were administered the Measure of the Ability to Rotate Mental Images (MARMI). Moreover, participants completed an ad hoc graph comprehension test consisting of six exercises of increasing difficulty with graphs developing the IS-LM model described in conventional macroeconomic textbooks.

Differences in the periodontal microbiome of successfully treated and persistent aggressive periodontitis.

Aims: The primary aim of this investigation was to analyse the periodontal microbiome in patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) following treatment.

Methods: Sixty-six AgP patients were recalled on average 7 years after completion of active periodontal treatment and had subgingival plaque samples collected and processed for 16S rRNA gene sequencing analyses.

Results: Of 66 participants, 52 showed persistent periodontal disease, while 13 participants were considered as "successfully treated AgP" (no probing pocket depths >4 mm) and 1 was fully edentulous.

Natural Landscape, Infrastructure, and Health: The Physical Activity Implications of Urban Green Space Composition among the Elderly.

Urban green spaces (UGS) have been linked with a series of benefits for the environment, and for the physical health and well-being of urban residents. This is of great importance in the context of the aging of modern societies. However, UGS have different forms and characteristics that can determine their utilization.

Disease Staging Index for Aggressive Periodontitis.

Major advances in the knowledge about the aetiopathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis (AgP) have been achieved. An ever increasing number of scientific articles related to AgP are published every year contributing significantly to the knowledge of this unique and complex disease. AgP has been classified into localised and generalised forms based on their extent and disease progression with distinct clinical and radiological features.

Peri-implant and periodontal microbiome diversity in aggressive periodontitis patients: a pilot study.

Aim: To investigate the bacterial microbiome in periodontal and peri-implant biofilms deriving from aggressive periodontitis patients (AgP) in conditions of health and disease.

Material And Methods: Ninety-one plaque samples were collected from 18 patients previously diagnosed and treated for AgP. The samples were taken from (i) 24 residual periodontal pockets (TD) (n = 6 patients), (ii) 24 healthy periodontal sites (TH) (n = 6 patients), (iii) 24 dental sites from the same implant patients (TM) (n = 6 patients), (iv) 5 peri-implantitis sites (II) (n = 2 patients), (v) 6 peri-mucositis sites (IM) (n = 2 patients) and (vi) 8 healthy implant sites (IH) (n = 2 patients).

Disease progression in aggressive periodontitis patients. A Retrospective Study.

Aim: The primary aim of this study was to retrospectively ascertain disease progression in a cohort of aggressive periodontitis patients (AgP).

Materials And Methods: Patients treated at a specialist setting and referred back to general practice for periodontal maintenance were recalled and examined in a single visit. Disease progression during follow-up was assessed and historical data collected from the patient's records.

Substantia nigra osmoregulation: taurine and ATP involvement.

An extracellular nonsynaptic taurine pool of glial origin was recently reported in the substantia nigra (SN). There is previous evidence showing taurine as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the SN, but the physiological role of this nonsynaptic pool of taurine has not been explored. By using microdialysis methods, we studied the action of local osmolarity on the nonsynaptic taurine pool in the SN of the rat.

Different levodopa actions on the extracellular dopamine pools in the rat striatum.

Levodopa has been the mainstay treatment for Parkinson's disease for several decades, but the precise mechanism for its therapeutic action is still not well understood. To date, little distinction has been made between the effects of levodopa on the different brain DA pools. We studied the levodopa action on two extracellular DA pools: one was analyzed by microdialysis (often considered as indicative of volume transmission) and the other by in vivo amperometry during nigrostriatal cell stimulation (more indicative of neurotransmission).

Glycine release in the substantia nigra: Interaction with glutamate and GABA.

Previous studies have reported a high number of glycine (GLY) receptors in the substantia nigra (SN) but a low number of GLY-neurons, suggesting that taurine, a partial agonist of GLY-receptors, is the natural substrate for SN GLY-receptors. By using microdialysis to quantify amino acids in the extracellular space of the SN, we observed an extracellular pool of GLY in the rat that increased after depolarizing with high-K+ in a Ca2+-dependent manner and that diffuses through the extracellular space. GLY markedly increased after blocking either the tricarboxylic cycle with fluorocitrate or the glutamine synthetase activity with MSO.

Response of GABAergic cells in the deep mesencephalic nucleus to dopaminergic cell degeneration: an electrophysiological and in situ hybridization study.

The deep mesencephalic nucleus (DMN) is a large midbrain reticular region located between the substantia nigra compacta and the superior colliculus. It contains GABAergic cells that share striatal afferents, thalamic and collicular efferents, as well as neurochemical and electrophysiological similarities, with those of the substantia nigra reticulata. In the present paper we used electrophysiological (firing rate and firing pattern) and morphological (densitometric analysis of in situ hybridization histochemical labeling for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 and GAD67 mRNA) techniques, to study the response of DMN GABAergic cells to the degeneration of nigral dopaminergic cells.