Roadside sales activities in a South Pacific Island (Bora-Bora) reveal sustainable strategies for local food supply during a pandemic.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the reduced exports and imports as well as the lack of activity due to the interruption in the international tourism economy seriously impacted food security in many Pacific Islands. People often returned to natural resources to provide for themselves, their families, or to generate income. On Bora-Bora Island, the major tourist destination in French Polynesia, roadside sales are widespread.

The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an integrated osteoporosis care programme for postmenopausal women in Flanders: study protocol of a quasi-experimental controlled design.

Unlabelled: Osteoporosis causes high individual and societal burden, due to limited attention to fracture prevention. Integrated care for chronic conditions has shown to facilitate management of these conditions, improving clinical outcomes alongside quality of life and cost-effectiveness. This manuscript describes an integrated osteoporosis care programme that will be implemented in primary care.

The Omental Pedicle Flap in Dogs Revised and Refined: A Cadaver Study.

Objective: To expand current knowledge on the canine omental vasculature and refine the existing lengthening technique of the canine omentum.

Study Design: Ex vivo study.

Animals: Canine cadavers (n=20).

The Microscopic Structure of the Omentum in Healthy Dogs: The Mystery Unravelled.

The canine omentum has many valuable properties but is still an underestimated organ. It contributes in many ways to the protection of the peritoneal cavity through its versatility on immunological level, but also through its role during angiogenesis, absorption, adhesion and fat storage. Despite a wide range of applications, the basic structure of the omentum is not well documented.

Morphology of the Canine Omentum Part 1: Arterial Landmarks that Define the Omentum.

Although the omentum remains an enigmatic organ, research during the last decades has revealed its fascinating functions including fat storage, fluid drainage, immune activity, angiogenesis and adhesion. While clinicians both in human and veterinary medicine are continuously exploring new potential omental applications, detailed anatomical data on the canine omentum are currently lacking, and information is often retrieved from human medicine. In this study, the topographic anatomy of the canine greater and lesser omentum is explored in depth.

Morphology of the Canine Omentum Part 2: The Omental Bursa and its Compartments Materialized and Explored by a Novel Technique.

The canine omental bursa is a virtual cavity enclosed by the greater and lesser omentum. While previous representations of this bursa were always purely schematic, a novel casting technique was developed to depict the three-dimensional organization of the omental bursa more consistently. A self-expanding polyurethane-based foam was injected into the omental bursa through the omental foramen in six dogs.

A topographic anatomical study of the equine epiploic foramen and comparison with laparoscopic visualisation.

Reasons For Performing Study: There are no previous studies correlating the anatomy of the equine epiploic foramen and its defining structures with laparoscopic images.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the precise anatomy of the epiploic foramen and omental vestibule, to quantify the dimensions of the epiploic foramen and to relate these findings to laparoscopic images.

Study Design: Descriptive study of cadaver material and laparoscopic images.

Unilateral shunt formation with thoracic aortic dissection in a whippet.

A three-year-old neutered male whippet was presented with intermittent, exercise-induced paraparesis. Femoral pulses were bilaterally absent. Neurologic examination was suggestive of a thoracolumbar myelopathy.

The pulmonary veins of the pig as an anatomical model for the development of a new treatment for atrial fibrillation.

The layout of the porcine atriopulmonary junction and immediately adjacent structures was investigated by gross anatomical and vascular corrosion casting studies to meet the need for more in-depth anatomical insights when using the pig as an animal model in the development of innovative approaches for surgical cardiac ablation in man. The veins from the right cranial and middle lung lobes drain through a common ostium in the left atrium, whereas a second ostium receives the blood returning from all other lung lobes, although limited variation to this pattern was observed. Surrounding anatomical structures that are most vulnerable to ablation damage as reported in man are located at a safer distance from the pulmonary veins in pigs, yet a certain locations, comparable risks are to be considered.

Effects of medetomidine and ketamine on the regional cerebral blood flow in cats: a SPECT study.

Brain perfusion can be investigated using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and the intravenous injection of (99m)technetium ethyl cysteinate dimer ((99m)Tc-ECD). However, sedation using medetomidine, an α(2)-agonist, or anaesthesia using medetomidine and ketamine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate-(NMDA)-antagonist, may be required for SPECT studies in cats but can affect the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). The effects of medetomidine, with or without ketamine, on regional brain perfusion were therefore investigated in six cats under three conditions.

Locations of gut-associated lymphoid tissue in the 3-month-old chicken: a review.

The lymphoid tissue that is associated with the intestinal tract, the so-called gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), is well developed in the chicken. Depending on the location, it is present as aggregations of lymphoid cells, or organized in lymphoid follicles and tonsils. From proximal to distal, the intestinal tract contains a pharyngeal tonsil, diffuse lymphoid tissue and lymphoid follicles in the cervical and thoracic parts of the oesophagus, an oesophageal tonsil, diffuse lymphoid tissue in the proventriculus, a pyloric tonsil, Peyer's patches, Meckel's diverticulum, two caecal tonsils, diffuse lymphoid tissue in the rectum, the bursa of Fabricius, and diffuse lymphoid tissue in the wall of the proctodeum.

The accuracy of the Lactate Pro hand-held analyser to determine blood lactate in healthy dogs.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of the Lactate Pro hand-held analyser in measuring blood lactate levels.

Methods: Blood was drawn from 15 healthy dogs into five tubes containing Na-EDTA. Lactate was measured immediately using the Lactate Pro analyser and a laboratory reference method.

Immunopathological mechanisms in dogs with rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament.

The majority of studies on cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) disease to date have been carried out on dogs that already sustained a CrCL rupture, which is the end-stage of the disease. Investigations have recently been carried out to study humoral and cellular immunopathological mechanisms in predisposed dogs before clinical rupture of the contralateral CrCL. The cruciate ligaments are mainly composed of collagen type I, and immune responses to collagen have been suggested as a cause of CrCL degradation in dogs.