A systematic review to inform the development of a Canadian caries risk assessment tool for use by primary healthcare providers.

Background: Caries risk assessment (CRA) tools may assist in identifying children at risk of early childhood caries.

Aim: To complete a systematic review of CRA and develop a Canadian CRA tool for preschool children for use in non-dental clinical settings.

Design: Systematic searches of relevant databases were conducted.

A Multi-Disciplinary Review on the Aerobiology of COVID-19 in Dental Settings.

The COVID-19 pandemic pushed dental health officials around the world to reassess and adjust their existing healthcare practices. As studies on controlled COVID-19 transmission remain challenging, this review focuses on particles that can carry the virus and relevant approaches to mitigate the risk of pathogen transmission in dental offices. This review gives an overview of particles generated in clinical settings and how size influences their distribution, concentration, and generation route.

Immunopathology of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis and incidental diagnostic tool of metastatic granuloma: A case-control study.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected disease with important public health concerns in many parts of the world including Iran.

Objectives: We aimed to explore the histological changes and immunohistochemical quantification of inflammatory cells and their role in the immunopathology of acute, chronic non-lupoid, and chronic lupoid skin lesions in anthroponotic CL (ACL).

Methods: In this study, skin biopsies of 53 patients with ACL were taken.

Ability of real-time PCR for differential diagnosis of various forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a comparative study with histopathology.

Objective: Histopathological studies suggest that parasite load is different between acute and chronic forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). However, highly sensitive detection methods are still needed to distinguish different forms of leishmaniasis. In the present study, we developed a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect and quantify Leishmania tropica parasites in paraffin-embedded tissue samples.

Design and Validation of Real-Time PCR: Quantitative Diagnosis of Common Leishmania Species in Iran.

Objective: Design and validation of Real-time PCR on the protected gene region ITS2 to quantify the parasite load in common leishmania (L) species.

Materials And Methods: Probe and primer were designed from the ITS2 region between the rRNA genes with minimum gene variation in three common leishmania species followed by a Real-time PCR using the Taq man probe method in the form of absolute quantification. A series of different concentrations of leishmania were analyzed.