Neuropsychological performance labels: do patients understand?

Objective:  Descriptive labels to communicate performance are integral in neuropsychological reports. Although the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN) reached consensus on standardizing uniform labels of performance, consumer understanding of these labels is unclear. This pilot prospective cohort study evaluated patient, family member, and medical provider understanding of neuropsychological performance labels.

Influence of sleep symptoms on recovery from concussion in collegiate athletes: a LIMBIC MATARS consortium investigation.

Objective: Changes in sleep quality and quantity are commonly endorsed by individuals following a concussion. Limited data exists examining the role of sleep disturbances within 72 hours, and throughout recovery, from concussion. The objective of this study was to determine if the number of days to symptom resolution varied between collegiate athletes with or without sleep-related symptoms following a concussion.

Sport-Related Concussion in Para Athletes: A Scoping Review of Concussion Incidence, Assessment, and Management.

Although research on sport-related concussion has grown substantially in the last decade, research on concussion in para sports remains limited. The aim of this scoping review is to synthesize and describe the current literature on the incidence, assessment, and management of sport-related concussion in para athletes. The literature search was conducted in CINAHL, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases and identified 22 studies that addressed one of our research questions.

Access to athletic trainers and sex as modifiers of time to reach clinical milestones after sport-related concussion in collegiate athletes.

Objective: Investigate whether an athlete's biological sex and exposure to a dedicated athletic trainer (AT) were related to clinical milestones after a sports-related concussion (SRC).

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: Medical charts of collegiate athletes ( = 196 [70.

Concussion: Beyond the Cascade.

Sport concussion affects millions of athletes each year at all levels of sport. Increasing evidence demonstrates clinical and physiological recovery are becoming more divergent definitions, as evidenced by several studies examining blood-based biomarkers of inflammation and imaging studies of the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies have shown elevated microglial activation in the CNS in active and retired American football players, as well as in active collegiate athletes who were diagnosed with a concussion and returned to sport.

Multifocal hypometabolic correlates to deficits of verbal memory in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Background And Objectives: Neuropsychological research on mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) often highlights material-specific memory deficits, but a lesion-focused model may not accurately reflect the underlying networks that support episodic memory in these patients. Our study evaluated the pathophysiology behind verbal learning/memory deficits as revealed by hypometabolism quantified through 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET).

Methods: This retrospective study included thirty presurgical patients with intractable unilateral MTLE who underwent interictal FDG-PET and verbal memory assessment (12 females, mean age: 38.

Microglial activation persists beyond clinical recovery following sport concussion in collegiate athletes.

Introduction: In concussion, clinical and physiological recovery are increasingly recognized as diverging definitions. This study investigated whether central microglial activation persisted in participants with concussion after receiving an unrestricted return-to-play (uRTP) designation using [F]DPA-714 PET, an marker of microglia activation.

Methods: Eight (5 M, 3 F) current athletes with concussion (Group 1) and 10 (5 M, 5 F) healthy collegiate students (Group 2) were enrolled.

Neuropsychological and Balance Symptoms of Abused Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence-Related Strangulation: A Feasibility and Acceptability Study.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health crisis that results in acute and long-term health consequences for women, including potential acquired brain injury from non-fatal strangulation. Despite existing evidence on the neuropsychological sequelae experienced by women after experiencing IPV-related assault, limited evidence-based treatment protocols exist for these women. This 14-month study sought to: 1) assess the feasibility and acceptability of recruiting women who experienced strangulation associated with IPV within 7 days of the event and retaining them throughout a 3-month follow-up period; and 2) examine preliminary data from neuropsychological, balance, and symptom assessments.

Reevaluating clinical assessment outcomes after unrestricted return to play following sport-related concussion.

Primary Objective: The objective of this study was to examine neurocognition, postural control, and symptomology at multiple timepoints following concussion. We hypothesized that collegiate athletes would perform similar to or better than their baseline in terms of each outcome at both timepoints.

Research Design: This was a retrospective study of 71 collegiate athletes (18.

Factors Associated With Energy Expenditure and Energy Balance in Acute Sport-Related Concussion.

Context: Sport-related concussion (SRC) is characterized by a pathologic neurometabolic cascade that results in an increased intracranial energy demand and a decreased energy supply. Little is known about the whole-body energy-related effects of SRC.

Objective: To examine factors associated with whole-body resting metabolic rate (RMR), total energy expenditure (TEE), energy consumption (EC), and energy balance (EBal) in student-athletes acutely after SRC and healthy matched control individuals.

The Effect of Muscle Activation on Head Kinematics During Non-injurious Head Impacts in Human Subjects.

In this study, twenty volunteers were subjected to three, non-injurious lateral head impacts delivered by a 3.7 kg padded impactor at 2 m/s at varying levels of muscle activation (passive, co-contraction, and unilateral contraction). Electromyography was used to quantify muscle activation conditions, and resulting head kinematics were recorded using a custom-fit instrumented mouthpiece.

Mood, Psychological, and Behavioral Factors of Health-Related Quality of Life Throughout Recovery From Sport Concussion.

Objective: To measure alterations in mood, psychological, and behavioral factors in collegiate athletes throughout recovery from sport concussion (SC) compared with matched controls.

Setting: University research laboratory.

Participants: Twenty (55% female) division I collegiate athletes with SC (19.

Whole-Body Metabolism, Carbohydrate Utilization, and Caloric Energy Balance After Sport Concussion: A Pilot Study.

Background: Sport concussion (SC) causes an energy crisis in the brain by increasing energy demand, decreasing energy supply, and altering metabolic resources. Whole-body resting metabolic rate (RMR) is elevated after more severe brain injuries, but RMR changes are unknown after SC. The purpose of this study was to longitudinally examine energy-related changes in collegiate athletes after SC.

If Not Now, When? An Absence of Neurocognitive and Postural Stability Deficits in Collegiate Athletes with One or More Concussions.

A history of concussion has been associated with decreased neurocognitive function and postural control. The purpose of our study was to compare neurocognitive function and postural control in collegiate athletes with and without varying histories of concussion. Collegiate athletes were divided into groups based on 0 ( = 129), 1 ( = 91), 2 ( = 52), and 3+ ( = 34) prior concussions.

Institutionally Based ImPACT Test® Normative Values May Differ from Manufacturer-Provided Normative Values.

Objective: The necessity for pre-injury baseline computerized neurocognitive assessments versus comparing post-concussion outcomes to manufacturer-provided normative data is unclear. Manufacturer-provided norms may not be equivalent to institution-specific norms, which poses risks for misclassifying the presence of impairment when comparing individual post-concussion performance to manufacturer-provided norms. The objective of this cohort study was to compare institutionally derived normative data to manufacturer-provided normative values provided by ImPACT® Applications, Incorporated.

Direct and indirect costs associated with stereotactic radiosurgery or open surgery for medial temporal lobe epilepsy: Results from the ROSE trial.

Objective: To determine whether a less-invasive approach to surgery for medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with lower health care costs and costs of lost productivity over time, compared to open surgery.

Methods: We compared direct medical costs and indirect productivity costs associated with treatment with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) in the ROSE (Radiosurgery or Open Surgery for Epilepsy) trial. Health care use was abstracted from hospital bills, the study database, and diaries in which participants recorded health care use and time lost from work while seeking care.

Visual field defects after radiosurgery versus temporal lobectomy for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: Findings of the ROSE trial.

Purpose: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) may be an alternative to anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Visual field defects (VFD) occur in 9-100% of patients following open surgery for MTLE. Postoperative VFD after minimally invasive versus open surgery may differ.

Return to Learn After Sport-Related Concussion: A Survey of Secondary School and Collegiate Athletic Trainers.

Context: Recent recommendations have emphasized return-to-learn (RTL) protocols to aid athletes in recovery from sport-related concussion (SRC) but have been based primarily on anecdotal evidence.

Objective: To investigate the RTL practices of certified athletic trainers (ATs) after an SRC.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Schoolteachers' and Administrators' Perceptions of Concussion Management and Implementation of Return-to-Learn Guideline.

Background: Concussions are a public health concern and concussion management in school requires a team approach. We examined schoolteachers' and administrators' perceptions of concussions, management, and implementation of return-to-learn (RTL) guidelines.

Methods: We audio-recorded and transcribed semistructured interviews with teachers (N = 16) and administrators (N = 6) from a public school system.

Acute Assessment of Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Traumatic Stress After Exposure to a Deployment-Related Explosive Blast.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are two of the signature injuries in military service members who have been exposed to explosive blasts during deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan. Acute stress disorder (ASD), which occurs within 2-30 d after trauma exposure, is a more immediate psychological reaction predictive of the later development of PTSD. Most previous studies have evaluated service members after their return from deployment, which is often months or years after the initial blast exposure.

Radiosurgery versus open surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: The randomized, controlled ROSE trial.

Objective: To compare stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) versus anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) for patients with pharmacoresistant unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE).

Methods: This randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial recruited adults eligible for open surgery among 14 centers in the USA, UK, and India. Treatment was either SRS at 24 Gy to the 50% isodose targeting mesial structures, or standardized ATL.