Factors affecting the risk of trismus following maxillary ablative surgery comparing free flap reconstruction to prosthetic obturation: a retrospective observational study.

The reconstruction of post-ablative maxillary defects is controversial. It is accepted that quality of life indicators are poorer for maxillary reconstruction compared with mandibular reconstruction. One factor highlighted is that of post-treatment trismus.

Histological pattern of tumor inflammation and stromal density correlate with patient demographics and immuno-oncologic transcriptional profile in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent oral malignancy, with emerging interest in the characterization of its tumor microenvironment. Herein, we present a comprehensive histological analysis of OSCC stromal density and inflammation and their relationship with patient demographics, clinicopathologic features and immuno-oncologic signatures.

Materials-methods: Eighty-seven completely excised OSCC tissues were prospectively collected and scored for histopathologic inflammatory subtypes [HIS]-inflamed (INF), immune-excluded (IE) and immune-desert (ID), peritumoral stromal inflammation (PTSI), and peritumoral stromal fibrosis (PTSF).

Risk Factors for Infection Recurrence After Surgical Resection of Advanced Stage Osteonecrosis of the Mandible.

Background: Advanced stage osteoradionecrosis (ORN) and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) are challenging disease entities requiring multimodal therapy including surgical resection. However, risk factors associated with infection recurrence are poorly understood.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors associated with infection recurrence following resection of advanced stage ORN or MRONJ of the mandible.

Is hardware colonization associated with latent hardware complications and removal in maxillomandibular free flap reconstruction?

Background: The relationship between hardware colonization, latent hardware complications, and hardware removal remains unclear following osteocutaneous free flap reconstruction of the jaws.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing free flap reconstruction of the maxilla or mandible from 2016 to 2021.

Results: A total of 240 subjects were included.

Immuno-oncologic signature of malignant transformation in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the immuno-oncologic (IO) signature at the surgical tumor margin (TM) of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that is involved in the process of malignant transformation.

Study Design: Under institutional review board approval, TM of 73 OSCC were investigated using immunohistochemistry for the immune biomarker, programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). NanoString 770 IO-focused gene set was analyzed in 5 pairs of TM and invasive tumor (T).

Is Preoperative Serum Albumin Predictive of Adverse Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer Surgery?

Background: Patients with head and neck cancer are at increased risk of malnutrition due to tumor burden and surgical morbidity.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between preoperative serum albumin and 30-day adverse outcomes in patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery.

Study Design, Setting, Sample: This was a retrospective cohort study using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database.

Cytokine profiling in plasma distinguishes the histological inflammatory subtype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and a novel regulatory role of osteopontin.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) can be classified according to the histological inflammatory subtype (HIS) into inflamed (HIS-INF) or immune excluded (HIS-IE). HIS-IE was previously associated with higher levels of soluble Semaphorin 4D (HsS4D) in plasma, and higher transcriptional levels of osteopontin (OPN) in the tumor tissue, compared to HIS-INF. The goal of the current study is to investigate whether the HIS inflammatory subtype can be distinguished by a differential cytokine panel in peripheral blood.

Is the prevention of condylar sag with maxillomandibular fixation the key to functional reconstruction of a mandibular disarticulation resection?

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the use of the free fibula flap for reconstruction with mandibular disarticulation resections.

Study Design: A retrospective chart cohort review was performed in patients reconstructed with a fibula free flap for a mandibular disarticulation resection at an academic tertiary care institution over a 5-year period.

Results: Twenty-four patients were included in the study.

Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma Arising in a Previous Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is a rare malignant tumor of odontogenic origin, with only about 50 cases reported in the English literature so far. Histologically, it is characterized by ghost cells, dentinoid deposits, high grade malignant cellular features, and areas of necrosis and invasion. Having common histological features with other odontogenic ghost cell lesions (OGCL) like calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) and dentinogenic ghost cell tumors, it is crucial to recognize GCOC malignant features, as it can be destructive and invasive, sometimes showing distant metastases and high recurrence rate.

Evaluation of Accessibility and Content of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Fellowship Program Websites.

Purpose: Opportunities for graduating oral and maxillofacial surgery residents to pursue fellowship training are expanding. However, there is a paucity of information in the literature for prospective applicants in our specialty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accessibility and content of oral and maxillofacial surgery fellowship program websites (FPWs).

Oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients aged 45 and younger: Prognosis, survival, and quality of life.

Objective: To perform a detailed analysis of the epidemiology, tumor biology, treatment, overall survival, and quality of life in a young patient (age ≤45 years) cohort with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study between 1992 and 2017 at an academic tertiary care center.

Results: In total, 80 patients were included (36 female and 44 male) with stage I (American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth ed.

Impact of the Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on Head and Neck Cancer Care.

Objective: The study aimed to assess the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on head and neck oncologic care at a tertiary care facility.

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between March 18, 2020, and May 20, 2020. The primary planned outcome was the rate of treatment modifications during the study period.

Soluble Sema4D in Plasma of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Is Associated With Underlying Non-Inflamed Tumor Profile.

Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) is a glycoprotein that is expressed by several tumors and immune cells. It can function as a membrane bound protein or as a cleaved soluble protein (sSema4D). We sought to investigate the translational potential of plasma sSema4D as an immune marker in plasma of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Can extraoral suction units minimize droplet spatter during a simulated dental procedure?

Background: Aerosol and droplet production is inherent to dentistry. Potential for COVID-19 spread through aerosols and droplets characterizes dentistry as having a high risk of experiencing viral transmission, with necessity for aerosol and droplet mitigation.

Methods: Simulations of restorative treatment were completed on a dental manikin with a high-speed handpiece and high-volume evacuation suction.

The deep circumflex iliac artery free flap in maxillofacial reconstruction: a comparative institutional analysis.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to perform a comparative analysis of the utility, outcomes, and complications of DCIA (deep circumflex iliac artery) flap for the reconstruction of maxillofacial defects between two institutions that continue to use the DCIA flap as a reconstructive resource.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective analysis included a total of 68 patients (mean age 51.1 years) at the University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy, and the University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA, between January 2010 and April 2019.

Combination Nivolumab/Ipilimumab Immunotherapy For Melanoma With Subsequent Unexpected Cardiac Arrest: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

The success of immunotherapy in the treatment of patients with advanced melanoma has paved the way for unprecedented successes in the treatment of many other malignancies. We present a case of extensively metastatic oral mucosal melanoma that responded successfully to combined immune checkpoint blockade with ipilimumab and nivolumab but developed multiple immune-related adverse events, including myocarditis, a rare event associated with immunotherapy of elderly melanoma patients. Though the acute myocarditis was managed successfully, the patient succumbed to sudden cardiac death.

Is Long-Term Follow-Up Mandatory for Stage I Oral Tongue Cancer?

Purpose: The objective of this study was to analyze the outcomes and possible risk factors for late recurrence of pathologic stage I oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in patients considered disease free at 3 years.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study evaluated all patients with pathologic stage I oral tongue cancer within a tertiary care center from 2003 through 2013 who had been followed for a minimum of 36 months.

Results: One hundred twelve patients met inclusion criteria for long-term analysis.

Cardiovascular complications in head & neck microvascular flap reconstruction: A retrospective risk stratification and outcomes assessment.

Background: To determine the incidence and predictors of cardiac complications (CC) in head & neck microvascular flap reconstruction.

Methods: A series of 216 microvascular flaps performed between 2012 and 2015 were analyzed using the Revised Cardiac Risk Index (CRCI) and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Multivariate regression analysis was undertaken for predictive factors of outcomes.

Margin Analysis: Cutaneous Malignancy of the Head and Neck.

This article focuses only on margin analysis of the cutaneous malignancy of the skin. It discusses basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and cutaneous melanoma. The management of the neck and distant disease are beyond the scope of this article, but it answers what is the appropriate surgical margin when excising these skin tumors, whether frozen sections are accurate for the analysis of these tumors, and treatment algorithm and rationale for a positive resection margin.

Surgical Site Infections in Patients Receiving Osteomyocutaneous Free Flaps to the Head and Neck. Does Choice of Antibiotic Prophylaxis Matter?

Purpose: The most appropriate prophylactic antibiotic for clean-and-contaminated head and neck osteomyocutaneous free flap (OFF) tissue transfer procedures is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the choice of perioperative antibiotic was related to recipient surgical site infection (SSI) in patients receiving an OFF to the head and neck.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated SSI in relation to the perioperative antibiotic received from July 2010 through October 2013 at a tertiary care medical center.

Nonodontogenic Tumors of the Jaws.

Nonodontogenic tumors of the jaws are common in the pediatric population, accounting for approximately 70% of pediatric jaw tumors. This article focuses on the clinical characteristics and management of the benign nonodontogenic tumors (nonaggressive and aggressive) of the jaws most commonly encountered in children.

The Value of the "Papillon" Anterolateral Thigh Flap for Total Pharyngolaryngectomy Reconstruction: A Retrospective Case Series.

Purpose: The tubed, buried anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is a popular reconstruction method for total pharyngolaryngectomy defects. The "papillon"-designed ALT flap, described by Hayden et al, offers an alternative method of using the ALT flap in this situation. We report our early experience with the papillon ALT flap in a patient cohort.