Network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and biological validation reveal a lipid secretion inhibitory and anti-inflammatory mechanism of tanreqing gel in the treatment of acne.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease affecting the pilosebaceous unit, in which abnormal sebum secretion and inflammation play crucial roles. The traditional Chinese medicine Tanreqing has been utilized in dermatology to effectively treat various diseases. However, its effects and underlying mechanisms in acne vulgaris remain unclear.

Metal Ion-Mediated Supramolecular Nanotube Catalyst for Enantioselective Reactions.

Rational control over the morphologies of supramolecular assemblies for asymmetric catalysis with enhanced enantioselectivity represents a pivotal challenge in the realm of synthetic chemistry and material technology. Herein, Cu(II) ion-mediated supramolecular nanostructures assembled from chiral amino acid-based amphiphiles (l/d-AlaC) are fabricated as chiral catalysts for Diels-Alder cycloaddition between aza-chalcone and cyclopentadiene. In particular, compared with the supramolecular nanosheet formed by l/d-AlaC without Cu(II) ions, we found that the l/d-alanine chiral amphiphile can form supramolecular nanotubes with a multilayer structure and with the thickness of the tubular wall about 15 nm through the transition from a nanoribbon to tubular structure in the presence of Cu(II) ions.

Structures of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis efflux pump EfpA reveal the mechanisms of transport and inhibition.

As the first identified multidrug efflux pump in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), EfpA is an essential protein and promising drug target. However, the functional and inhibitory mechanisms of EfpA are poorly understood. Here we report cryo-EM structures of EfpA in outward-open conformation, either bound to three endogenous lipids or the inhibitor BRD-8000.

The integration of geographic methods and ecological momentary assessment in public health research: A systematic review of methods and applications.

With the widespread prevalence of mobile devices, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) can be combined with geospatial data acquired through geographic techniques like global positioning system (GPS) and geographic information system. This technique enables the consideration of individuals' health and behavior outcomes of momentary exposures in spatial contexts, mostly referred to as "geographic ecological momentary assessment" or "geographically explicit EMA" (GEMA). However, the definition, scope, methods, and applications of GEMA remain unclear and unconsolidated.

Phenylglycine amphiphile-metal ion chiral supramolecular nanozymes for enantioselective catalysis.

L/D-Phenylglycine amphiphiles and metal ions with peroxidase-like activity self-assembled into chiral nanoribbons, which act as efficient chiral supramolecular nanozymes for catalyzing the 3,4-dihydroxy-L/D-phenylalanine (L/D-DOPA) oxidation reactions. The catalytic efficiency and enantioselectivity are dominated by the chirality transfer and the synergistic effect between the metal ions and chiral nanoribbons.

A framework enabling LLMs into regulatory environment for transparency and trustworthiness and its application to drug labeling document.

Regulatory agencies consistently deal with extensive document reviews, ranging from product submissions to both internal and external communications. Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT can be invaluable tools for these tasks, however present several challenges, particularly the proprietary information, combining customized function with specific review needs, and transparency and explainability of the model's output. Hence, a localized and customized solution is imperative.

A systematic review of the relationship between natural environments and physiological and mental health during different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.

COVID-19 has altered how individuals interact with natural environments. Numerous studies have investigated the effects of such environments on health. However, how natural environments influenced individuals' physiological and mental health during various stages of the COVID-19 pandemic remains unclear.

In-depth analysis of the treatment effect and synergistic mechanism of TanReQing injection on clinical multi-drug resistant .

Antibiotic resistance is a recognized and concerning public health issue. Gram-negative bacilli, such as (), are notorious for their rapid development of drug resistance, leading to treatment failures. TanReQing injection (TRQ) was chosen to explore its pharmacological mechanisms against clinical multidrug-resistant (MDR-PA), given its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.

Exploring the association between campus environment of higher education and student health: A systematic review of findings and measures.

Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between the neighborhood environments and residents' health. However, other important settings, such as university campuses, have received little attention. This paper conducted a systematic review and synthesized existing empirical works examining the association between the university/college campuses built and natural environments and students' health.

The spatial relationship between long-term vacant housing and non-communicable diseases in U.S. shrinking and growing metropolitan areas.

The rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has led to increased attention on understanding how built environments affect NCD risks. However, there's a significant gap in the literature regarding the relationship between housing vacancy duration and NCDs in metropolitan areas with varying development rates. Our research addresses this gap by examining the association between housing vacancy duration and NCDs across all U.

Associations between vacant urban lands and public health outcomes in growing and shrinking cities.

Vacant urban land, although not officially designated as a green space, often exhibits a semi-wild natural state due to being left open to colonization by nature. Attention to the effects of vacant urban land on human health has increased due to both rising urban vacancy rates and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, relationships between many vacant land characteristics (such as vegetation coverage, size, duration, and location) and NCDs have not been comprehensively examined, especially comparing shrinking (depopulating) and growing (populating) cities.

Theoretical Insights on the Charge State and Bifunctional OER/ORR Electrocatalyst Activity in 4d-Transition-Metal-Doped g-CN Monolayers.

Exploring efficient and stable electrocatalysts for the bifunctional oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is vital to developing renewable energy technologies. However, due to the substantial and intricate design space associated with these bifunctional OER/ORR electrocatalysts, their development presents a formidable challenge, resulting in their cost-prohibitive nature in both experimental and computational studies. Herein, using the defect physics method, we systematically investigate the formation energies and bifunctional overpotential (η) of 4d-transition-metal (4d-TM, 4d-TM = Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, and Ag)-doped monolayer supercell g-CN (4d-TM@CN) based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Structures of the essential efflux pump EfpA from reveal the mechanisms of substrate transport and small-molecule inhibition.

As the first identified multidrug efflux pump in (), EfpA is an essential protein and promising drug target. However, the functional and inhibitory mechanisms of EfpA are poorly understood. Herein we report cryo-EM structures of EfpA in outward-open conformation, either bound to three endogenous lipids or the inhibitor BRD-8000.

Risk prediction models for intracranial hemorrhage in acute ischemic stroke patients receiving intravenous alteplase treatment: a systematic review.

Objectives: To identify and compare published models that use related factors to predict the risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in acute ischemic stroke patients receiving intravenous alteplase treatment.

Methods: Risk prediction models for ICH in acute ischemic stroke patients receiving intravenous alteplase treatment were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to April 7, 2023. A meta-analysis was performed using Stata 13.

Ligand Control of Copper-Mediated Cycloadditions of Acetylene to Azides: Chemo- and Regio-Selective Formation of Deutero- and Iodo-Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles.

The participation of σ-monocopper and σ-bis-copper acetylide in mechanistic pathways for copper-catalyzed cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions of acetylene with azides was probed by analysis of deuterium distributions in the 1,2,3-triazole product formed by deuterolysis of initially formed mono- and bis-copper triazoles. The results show that, when Cu(Phen)(PPh)NO is used as the catalyst for reactions of acetylene with azides in DMF/DO, 1-substituted-5-deutero-1,2,3-triazoles are generated selectively. This finding demonstrates that the Cu(Phen)(PPh)NO-catalyzed cycloadditions utilize monocopper acetylide as the substrate and produce 5-copper-1,2,3-triazoles initially.

Risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture: a systematic review.

Objectives: To systematically evaluate the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients.

Methods: Risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients were collected from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Ovid via the internet, covering studies from the establishment of the databases to March 15, 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and used Stata 13.

Tetracalcium phosphate/polycaprolactone composite scaffold: Mechanical reinforcement, biodegradability regulation and bioactivity induction.

Polycaprolactone (PCL) is considered a potential biomaterial due to its good biocompatibility, but its slow degradability and insufficient mechanical properties limit its wide application in bone tissue engineering. Tetracalcium phosphate's (TTCP) good degradability and inherent high stiffness are expected to compensate for the aforementioned defects of PCL and endow it with good biological activity. This goal of this study was to obtain bioactive PCL composite scaffolds with tuneable degradation properties and good mechanical strength via selective laser sintering technology (SLS).

DICTrank: The largest reference list of 1318 human drugs ranked by risk of drug-induced cardiotoxicity using FDA labeling.

Drug-induced cardiotoxicity (DICT) is a leading cause of drug trial failure and discontinuation. Current drug annotations for cardiotoxicity largely focus on individual outcomes or mechanisms. Considering the broad spectrum of adverse cardiac events, we developed Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity Rank (DICTrank) using FDA labeling and comprehensively classified 1318 human drugs into four categories: Most-DICT-Concern (n = 341), Less-DICT-Concern (n = 528), No-DICT-Concern (n = 343), and Ambiguous-DICT-Concern (n = 106).

Crosslinking of a polycaprolactone/tourmaline scaffold by sodium stearate with improved mechanical strength and bioactivity.

Although polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix composites have been extensively studied, the weak interface with nanofillers limits their further applications in bone tissue engineering. Herein, this study has designed a porous bone scaffold model using the triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS), and the optimal porosity was determined by comparing the mechanical properties. A sodium stearate-modified PCL/tourmaline (PCL/TM) composite scaffold with a strong interfacial effect was prepared by selective laser sintering technology.

Applying genomics in regulatory toxicology: a report of the ECETOC workshop on omics threshold on non-adversity.

In a joint effort involving scientists from academia, industry and regulatory agencies, ECETOC's activities in Omics have led to conceptual proposals for: (1) A framework that assures data quality for reporting and inclusion of Omics data in regulatory assessments; and (2) an approach to robustly quantify these data, prior to interpretation for regulatory use. In continuation of these activities this workshop explored and identified areas of need to facilitate robust interpretation of such data in the context of deriving points of departure (POD) for risk assessment and determining an adverse change from normal variation. ECETOC was amongst the first to systematically explore the application of Omics methods, now incorporated into the group of methods known as New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), to regulatory toxicology.

Climatic and meteorological exposure and mental and behavioral health: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

As climate change exerts wide ranging health impacts, there is a surge of interest in the associations between climatic factors and mental and behavioral disorders (MBDs). Existing quantitative syntheses focus mainly on heat and high temperature exposure, neglecting the effects of other climatic factors and their synergies. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence of associations between climatic exposure and combined mental and behavioral health conditions and specific mental disorders (e.

Dynamic evaluation of pathological changes in a mouse acne model by optical imaging technology.

Acne vulgaris is a disorder of the pilosebaceous unit that is primarily caused by hyperseborrhoea, colonization with Propionibacterium acnes, hyperkeratosis and an inflammatory response. Existing pharmacodynamic assessment methods primarily focus on a single causative factor at a certain time point, making it difficult to assess multiple factors simultaneously in real time. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a dynamic and nondestructive method for the assessment of acne in vivo.