Global responses of wetland methane emissions to extreme temperature and precipitation.

As global warming continues, events of extreme heat or heavy precipitation will become more frequent, while events of extreme cold will become less so. How wetlands around the globe will react to these extreme events is unclear yet critical, because they are among the greatest natural sources of methane(CH). Here we use seven indices of extreme climate and the rate of methane emission from global wetlands(WME) during 2000-2019 simulated by 12 published models as input data.

An optimized water table depth detected for mitigating global warming potential of greenhouse gas emissions in wetland of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Climate change and human activities have intensified variations of water table depth (WTD) in wetlands around the world, which may strongly affect greenhouse gas emissions. Here, we analyzed how emissions of CO, CH, and NO from the Zoige wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) vary with the WTD. Our data indicate that the wetland shows net positive global warming potential (11.

Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide Enabled by Exceptional Molecular Ni Sites in a Graphene-Supported Nickel Organic Framework.

Electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO) from 2e transfer of the oxygen reduction reaction (2e-ORR) is a potential alternative to the traditional anthraquinone process. Two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) supported by carbon are frequently reported as promising 2e-ORR catalysts. Herein, a graphene-supported 2D MOF of Ni(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydrotriphenylene) is synthesized through a common hydrothermal method, which exhibits high 2e-ORR performance.

Transcriptional activation by WRKY23 and derepression by removal of bHLH041 coordinately establish callus pluripotency in Arabidopsis regeneration.

Induction of the pluripotent cell mass termed callus from detached organs or tissues is an initial step in typical in vitro plant regeneration, during which auxin-induced ectopic activation of root stem cell factors is required for subsequent de novo shoot regeneration. While Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 (ARF7) and ARF19 and their downstream transcription factors LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN (LBD) are known to play key roles in directing callus formation, the molecules responsible for activation of root stem cell factors and thus establishment of callus pluripotency are unclear. Here, we identified Arabidopsis WRKY23 and BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX 041 (bHLH041) as a transcriptional activator and repressor, respectively, of root stem cell factors during establishment of auxin-induced callus pluripotency.

A new semiconductor heterojunction SERS substrate for ultra-sensitive detection of antibiotic residues in egg.

Antibiotic residues in animal-derived food (egg) are threatening human health. Semiconductor heterojunction surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates can be used for ultra-sensitive detection of antibiotic residues in egg. Here, a TiO/ZnO heterojunction was developed as a new SERS substrate based on an interface engineering strategy.

To Molecularly Block Hydrogen Evolution Sites of Molybdenum Disulfide toward Improved Catalytic Performance for Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction.

2H-molybdenum disulfide (2H-MoS ) represents a classical catalyst for the electrochemical N reduction reaction (NRR) in water that offers a promising technology toward sustainable production of NH driven by renewable energy. While the catalytic efficiency is severely limited by a simultaneous and competing H evolution reaction (HER). Herein, it is proposed that the S edge of 2H-MoS , which is known as main sites to afford HER, is intentionally covered by cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) molecules through axial coordination.

Mixed valence Ce-doped TiO with multiple energy levels and efficient charge transfer for boosted SERS performance.

Considering the variable valence characteristics of rare earth elements, they can be in a variety of valence forms coexistence. Doping of rare earth element with different valence states may produce different energy levels to tune the semiconductor energy band structure. We utilize rare earth element Ce doping TiO for the development of high-performance semiconductor surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates based on an energy-level tuning strategy.

The calcium signaling module CaM-IQM destabilizes IAA-ARF interaction to regulate callus and lateral root formation.

Induction of a pluripotent cell mass, called callus, from detached organs is an initial step in in vitro plant regeneration, during which phytohormone auxin-induced ectopic activation of a root developmental program has been shown to be required for subsequent de novo regeneration of shoots and roots. However, whether other signals are involved in governing callus formation, and thus plant regeneration capability, remains largely unclear. Here, we report that the calcium (Ca) signaling module CALMODULIN IQ-MOTIF CONTAINING PROTEIN (CaM-IQM) interacts with auxin signaling to regulate callus and lateral root formation.

Transport and release of electron donors and alkalinity during reductive dechlorination by combined emulsified vegetable oil and colloidal Mg(OH): Laboratory sand column and microcosm tests.

Emulsified vegetable oil combined with colloidal Mg(OH) (EVO-CM) can slowly release electron donors and OH into groundwater and is therefore regarded as a promising amendment for enhanced in situ treatment of chlorinated solvents, such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE). However, its migration ability in different porous media and the simultaneous release of electron donor and pH buffer during enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) have never been evaluated in detail. In this study, EVO-CM with uniform drop size and desirable stability was prepared.

Control of auxin-induced callus formation by bZIP59-LBD complex in Arabidopsis regeneration.

Induction of pluripotent cells termed callus by auxin represents a typical cell fate change required for plant in vitro regeneration; however, the molecular control of auxin-induced callus formation is largely elusive. We previously identified four Arabidopsis auxin-inducible Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain (LBD) transcription factors that govern callus formation. Here, we report that Arabidopsis basic region/leucine zipper motif 59 (AtbZIP59) transcription factor forms complexes with LBDs to direct auxin-induced callus formation.

[Status of 'internet addiction disorder' (IAD) and its risk factors among first-grade junior students in Wuhan].

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics and influential factors on internet addiction disorder (IAD) among first-grade junior students in Wuhan city.

Methods: An anonymous questionnaire survey was carried out on 1219 first-grade junior students through stratified cluster sampling in 4 middle schools in Wuhan city.

Results: The internet use rate (IUR) of first-grade junior students was 96.