Comparative genomic sequencing to characterize genome, typing, and drug resistance.

To analyze the characteristics of as well as macrolide antibiotic resistance through whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomics. Thirteen clinical strains isolated from 2003 to 2019 were selected, 10 of which were resistant to erythromycin (MIC >64 µg/mL), including 8 P1-type I and 2 P1-type II. Three were sensitive (<1 µg/mL) and P1-type II.

Term breech presentation vaginal births in Tibet: A retrospective analysis of 451 cases.

Background: In high altitude areas, like Tibet, most fetuses in breech presentation at term are delivered vaginally owing to a variety of reasons, but this has not been published.

Objective: This study aimed to provide references and evidence for the delivery of breach presentation term fetuses in high altitude areas, through comparing and analyzing the data of full-term singleton fetuses with breech or cephalic presentation in Naqu People's Hospital, Tibet.

Study Design: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 451 breech presentation fetuses mentioned above over a period of 5  years (2016-2020).

Cervical cancer screening in high-altitude areas in China: A large cross-section study of 25,173 women in northern Tibet.

Background: Cervical cancer has become a worldwide concern owing to its high incidence and mortality rates. To date, high-altitude areas of Tibet have not benefited from any large-scale cervical cancer screening programs. Therefore, we initiated a screening program to investigate the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) and HPV genotype distribution to reveal cervical cancer and its precursor which lead to morbidity among women in the city of Nagqu in northern Tib3et.

Allele-specific real-time PCR testing for minor macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma Pneumoniae.

Background: The point mutations in 23S rRNA gene of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) can lead to high-level resistance to macrolides. This study aimed to evaluate allele-specific real-time PCR (ASPCR) to detect the resistance-related mutations located at positions A2063G and A2064G of 23S rRNA gene.

Epidemiology and mechanism of drug resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Beijing, China: A multicenter study.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is one of the most common causes of community-acquired respiratory tract infections (RTIs). We aimed to investigate the prevalence of M.

Meta-analysis of the accuracy of transient elastography in measuring liver stiffness to diagnose esophageal varices in cirrhosis.

Backgroud: To assess the diagnostic performance of transient elastography (TE) in detecting the presence and size of esophageal varices (EV) in cirrhotic patients.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WeiPu, WanFang database, and Baidu Scholar to identify studies that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of TE in liver stiffness measurement, compared with esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), for the detection of the presence and degree of EV in cirrhosis.

Results: We included 32 studies in the presence of any EV (grade 1-3; n = 4082), 27 studies on substantial EV (grade 2-3; n = 5221) and 5 studies on large EV (grade 3).

Persistence of VRC01-resistant HIV-1 during antiretroviral therapy.

VRC01, a broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody (bnmAb), can neutralize a diverse array of HIV-1 isolates by mimicking CD4 binding to the envelope glycoprotein gp120. We have previously demonstrated the presence of VRC01-resistant strains in an HIV-1 infected patient during antiretroviral therapy. Here, we report follow-up studies of two subsequent samples from the same patient.

Structure of MERS-CoV spike receptor-binding domain complexed with human receptor DPP4.

The spike glycoprotein (S) of recently identified Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) targets the cellular receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). Sequence comparison and modeling analysis have revealed a putative receptor-binding domain (RBD) on the viral spike, which mediates this interaction. We report the 3.

Genistein inhibits ox-LDL-induced VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and MCP-1 expression of HUVECs through heme oxygenase-1.

Background And Aims: Genistein, a principal component of soybean isoflavones, plays an important role in the prevention of atherosclerosis. However, the detailed mechanisms have not been fully investigated. The aims of this study were to evaluate the anti-atherosclerotic effect and investigate potential pharmacological mechanism of genistein.

A single residue within the V5 region of HIV-1 envelope facilitates viral escape from the broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody VRC01.

VRC01, a broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody, is capable of neutralizing a diverse array of HIV-1 isolates by mimicking CD4 binding with the envelope glycoprotein gp120. Nonetheless, resistant strains have been identified. Here, we examined two genetically related and two unrelated envelope clones, derived from CRF08_BC-infected patients, with distinct VRC01 neutralization profiles.

Allele-specific real-time PCR testing for minor HIV-1 drug resistance mutations: assay preparation and application to reveal dynamic of mutations in vivo.

Background: It is very important for the clinical management to test for minor HIV-1 resistance mutations accurately and sensitively. The conventional genotypic assays of HIV drug resistance detection based on sequencing can only discriminate the mutations which present in more than 20% - 30%. The aim of this study was to evaluate allele-specific real-time PCR (ASPCR) to detect the resistance-related mutations located at positions 103, 184 and 215.

Modulation of Leishmania donovani infection and cell viability by testosterone in bone marrow-derived macrophages: signaling via surface binding sites.

Androgens can increase susceptibility toward numerous parasitic infections as well as modulate apoptosis of immune cells. According to the current view, androgens mediate immune cell activities not only through classical intracellular androgen receptors (AR), but also through membrane receptors on the cell surface. Here, using murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), we examined the influence of testosterone on Leishmania donovani infection and cell viability in vitro as well as the possible mechanisms.

Effect of nicotine on Oct-4 and Rex-1 expression of mouse embryonic stem cells.

To examine the influence that nicotine exposure has on early embryo development, the present study has applied real-time RT-PCR to investigate changes in Oct-4 and Rex-1 expression in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells exposed to nicotine alone or in the presence of tubocurarine. Oct-4 is regarded as a candidate master regulator gene for the initiation, maintenance, and differentiation of pluripotent cells. Zfp42/Rex-1, another specific gene of pluripotent cells, also plays a critical role in maintaining stem cell character and pluripotency.

Testosterone influenced the expression of Notch1, Notch2 and Jagged1 induced by lipopolysaccharide in macrophages.

Testosterone plays an extensive role in modulating macrophages functions in mammals. In this study, we incubated murine bone marrow macrophages which were positive to the surface antigen F4/80 with lipopolysaccharide and increasing amounts of testosterone. Expression of Notch family members (including Notch1, Notch2 and Jagged1) was investigated at transcription and post-transcription levels through RT-PCR and Western blotting assay followed by densitometric analyses.

[Effect of nicotine on Oct-4 transcription of embryonic stem cells].

Unlabelled: To clarify whether nicotine affected the early embryo development, the paper investigated the influence of nicotine on embryonic stem (ES) cells specific gene Oct-4.

Methods: ES cells were treated with nicotine (1-1000 nM) and/or 10 microM tubocurarine (a usual nicotinic acetylcholine receptors [nAChRs] blocker) for 24 h. Subsequently, they were purified to discard feeder cells and total RNA was isolated.

[Ultrastructural study on pharyngeal armature of seven species of sandflies in china by scanning electron microscopy].

Objective: To observe the ultrastructure of pharyngeal armature of 7 species of sandflies in China.

Methods: The pharyngeal armature of various sandflies were studied by scanning electron microscopy.

Results: The pharyngeal armature of sandfly consisted of pointed-teeth with various shape, number and arrangement among different species.