Remnant Preservation of the Primary Vertical Graft in Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: The remnant preservation of a primary vertical graft in revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) can benefit anteroposterior stability. However, studies that address this concept are rare.

Purpose: To evaluate clinical outcomes of remnant preservation of primary vertical graft in revision ACLR.

Prospective sequential comparison of femoral roll-back between cruciate-retaining and posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty using an intra-operative sensor.

Background: Implant design and surgical techniques affect postoperative knee kinematics in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to compare femoral roll-back between cruciate-retaining (CR) and posterior-stabilized (PS) TKA in the same knee by objectively quantifying the contact point kinematics of the tibiofemoral joint using a sensor.

Methods: In the present prospective study, we used an intraoperative sensor to compare medial and lateral roll-back during 0-120° knee flexion in 33 knees that underwent CR and PS TKA.

Long-term results of Bernese periacetabular osteotomy using a dual approach in hip dysplasia.

We report the long-term results of Bernese periacetabular osteotomy using a dual approach in hip dysplasia. Fifty-three hips (49 patients, mean age 39.9 years: 13-62 years; bilateral hips: four patients) that underwent periacetabular osteotomy using a dual approach (combined Smith-Peterson and Kocher-Langenbeck techniques) between May 1997 and December 2005 were analyzed in this study.

Drug-induced Hyperprolactinemia Results in Atypical Atypical Fracture.

We report a case of bilateral femur fracture which may have resulted in part from long-term administration of antipsychotic agents. A 43-year-old female patient with pain in both thighs visited our clinic. We conducted X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations which revealed bilateral femur fractures.

One-Stage Anatomical Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Results According to Tunnel Overlaps.

Purpose: To present clinical results according to tunnel overlap in 1-stage anatomical revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods: All patients who underwent revision ACLR performed by a single surgeon (J.H.

Comparison of femoral tunnel widening after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using cortical button fixation versus transfemoral cross-pin fixation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The aim was to compare tunnel widening of autogenous hamstring anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using cortical button versus cross-pin femoral fixation.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched from inception to 11 April 2019. The study included all levels of evidence in studies that reported femoral tunnel widening and compared cortical button and cross-pin femoral fixation for ACLR.

Extrusions do not affect degenerative morphologic changes in lateral meniscus allografts during midterm follow-ups.

Purpose: To investigate degenerative morphological changes in meniscus allograft after lateral meniscus allograft transplantation (MAT) based on extrusions.

Methods: Ninety-one patients who underwent lateral MAT were divided into extruded and non-extruded groups. Serial magnetic resonance imaging scans obtained 6 weeks, 1 year, and at the last follow-up (midterm, 3-7 years) post-surgery were evaluated retrospectively.

Does Age Itself Have an Adverse Effect on Survivorship of Meniscal Allograft Transplantation? A Cartilage Status and Time From Previous Meniscectomy-Matched Cohort Study.

Background: The aging process is accompanied by several conditions that could affect the outcome of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT). These conditions have made it difficult for clinicians to determine the effect of chronologic age on survivorship after MAT.

Hypothesis: Advanced age does not have an adverse effect on survivorship of MAT when controlling for age-related factors, such as cartilage status and time from previous meniscectomy.

Safety and antifatigue effect of Korean Red Ginseng: a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is widely used for strengthening the immune system and fighting fatigue, especially in people with deficiency syndrome. However, there is concern that the long-term application or a high dose of KRG can cause "fireness" ( in Chinese) because of its "dryness" ( in Chinese). The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of a 4-week treatment with KRG in participants with deficiency syndrome.

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis of Shrinkage of Transplanted Fresh-Frozen Lateral Meniscal Allografts During a Minimum Follow-up of 8 Years.

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and degree of shrinkage of transplanted fresh-frozen meniscal allografts in a long-term period of >8 years and to investigate whether the shrinkage of allograft progresses and is associated with inferior clinical and radiologic outcomes after meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) in the long term.

Methods: Twenty-two knees were reviewed in 20 patients (mean age, 31.41 ± 9.

Long-term Outcomes of Meniscal Allograft Transplantation With and Without Extrusion: Mean 12.3-Year Follow-up Study.

Background: Meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) is a widely performed surgical technique used to reconstruct meniscal deficiencies after meniscectomy. However, the long-term effects of extrusion on clinical and radiologic outcomes are unclear.

Hypothesis: In long-term follow-up, extrusion after MAT would show poorer outcomes than nonextrusion and would lead to faster progression of arthritic changes.

Is the Bohler angle reliable for operative reduction of calcaneus fracture?

Backgroud: To evaluate reliability of Bohler angle in doing operative reduction of fractured calcaneus, and compare its value over other image lines of hindfoot when surgeons determine whether the injured calcaneus is reduced close to pre-injured state.

Methods: Eighteen of postoperative lateral radiographs were obtained and edited with two versions; one of which anterior of calcaneus erased not to check Bohler angle, the other of which peri-calcaneus structure such as talus erased only to check Bohler angle. Four orthopaedic surgeons were asked to determine the two sets of images whether the injured calcaneus is reduced close to pre-injured state in independent two sessions.

In vitro Synergism between Chloroquine and Antibiotics against Orientia tsutsugamushi.

Background: To investigate whether chloroquine enhances the effect of antibiotics against Orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative organism of scrub typhus, we compared the effect of antibiotics in combination with chloroquine with the effect of antibiotics alone in vitro.

Materials And Methods: The Boryong or AFSC-4 strain was inoculated into ECV304 cells, and incubated in medium containing doxycycline (4 µg/mL), rifampin (4 µg/mL), azithromycin (0.5 µg/mL), chloroquine (1 µg/mL), and each of these antibiotics in combination with chloroquine for 7 d.

3-[2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)vinyl]furan protects hippocampal neurons against ischemic damage.

Resveratrol, an ingredient in grapes, has been reported to exhibit anti-cancer activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and cardiovascular protection property. Interestingly, resveratrol has been recently reported to have neuroprotective effect. This study reports the neuroprotective effect of a resveratrol derivative, 3-[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)vinyl]furan (DPVF).

A case of cerebral gumma presenting as brain tumor in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patient.

Syphilis, along with the recent increase of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients, has also been on the rise. It has a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, among which cerebral gumma is, a kind of neurosyphilis, however, it is rare and can be cured by penicillin. Thus, cerebral gumma needs to be differentially diagnosed from other brain masses that may be present in syphilis patients.

Severe paradoxical reaction requiring tracheostomy in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patient with cervical lymph node tuberculosis.

During drug treatment of tuberculous lymphadenitis, paradoxical response (PR) may occasionally occur. Continued treatment or lymph node aspiration improves PR without severe sequelae. However, we report a case of severe PR in a patient with cervical lymph node tuberculosis causing airway obstruction due to retropharyngeal lymph node swelling during antituberculous treatment.

Inhibitory effects of cinnamic acid on melanin biosynthesis in skin.

Cinnamic acid is a wildly distributed phenylpropanoid component naturally occurring in plants, and is mainly found in Cinnamomum cassia BLUME and Panax ginseng. Cinnamic acid was recently reported to exert a tyrosinase inhibitory effect. However, research on melanocytes and animal bodies was not reported until now.

Protective effect of (4-methoxybenzylidene)-(3-methoxynophenyl)amine against neuronal cell death induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation in rat organotypic hippocampal slice culture.

Resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) is a natural phytoalexin found in grape skin, and has been suggested to be an antioxidant agent, an anticancer agent and a cardioprotective agent. In particular, recent experimental evidence has demonstrated that resveratrol exhibits neuroprotective effects in various assay systems. During the study on the resveratrol derivatives, we found that (4-methoxybenzylidene)-(3-methoxyphenyl)amine (MBMPA), which has blocked free phenolic groups, strongly protects neuronal cells against ischemic damage on a higher activity than resveratrol.

Geniposide from Gardenia jasminoides attenuates neuronal cell death in oxygen and glucose deprivation-exposed rat hippocampal slice culture.

Geniposide from Gardenia jasminoides protected neuronal cells from damage in oxygen and glucose deprivation-exposed hippocampal slice culture. Geniposide showed a greater protective effect on the granule cell layer than on the pyramidal cell layer including CA 1 and CA 3. On the basis of the experimental results, geniposide may be a therapeutic agent for ischemia in patients.

A benzenoid from the stem of Acanthopanax senticosus.

Seven compounds were isolated from the stem of Acanthopanax senticosus by repeated column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated as isovanillin (1), (-)-sesamin (2), isofraxidin (3), (+)-syringaresinol (4), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5), eleutheroside B (6), and eleutheroside E (7) by spectral analysis. Among them, isovanillin (1) was isolated for the first time from the family Araliaceae.

Neuroprotective effect of wogonin in hippocampal slice culture exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation.

A poor supply of oxygen and glucose to the brain can cause severe brain damage. Therefore, neuroprotective drugs against ischemia need to be developed. In this study, wogonin, a flavone found in Scutellaria baicalensis, had a protective effect on neuronal cells damaged by oxygen and glucose deprivation in rat hippocampal slices in culture.

Anti-oxidant activities of Acanthopanax senticosus stems and their lignan components.

The antioxidant activities of Acanthopanax senticosus stems were evaluated in CCl4-intoxicated rats. The n-butanol fraction from the water extract of the stems, when pretreated orally at 200 mg/kg/day for 7 consecutive days in rats, was demonstrated to exhibit significant increases in antioxidant enzyme activities such as hepatic cytosolic superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase by 30.31, 19.

Falcarindiol inhibits nitric oxide-mediated neuronal death in lipopolysaccharide-treated organotypic hippocampal cultures.

Excessive nitric oxide (NO) release from activated microglia has a predominant role in neuronal death. This study investigated the effect of falcarindiol, which was isolated from Cnidium officinale Makino, on the NO-mediated neuronal death in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated organotypic hippocampal cultures. Falcarindiol dose-dependently reduced inducible NO synthase (iNOS)-mediated NO production without cytotoxic effects on LPS-activated BV-2 and microglia.

Excessive production of nitric oxide induces the neuronal cell death in lipopolysaccharide-treated rat hippocampal slice culture.

In this study, we investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in neuronal cell death in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rat hippocampal slice culture. Neuronal cell death was induced after a LPS treatment in a rat hippocampal slice. The region and time course of the cell death caused by LPS were different from those by N-methyl-D-aspartate.

Alkaloid fraction of Uncaria rhynchophylla protects against N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced apoptosis in rat hippocampal slices.

Uncaria rhynchophylla is a medicinal herb which has sedative and anticonvulsive effects and has been applied in the treatment of epilepsy in Oriental medicine. In this study, the effect of alkaloid fraction of U. rhynchophylla against N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced neuronal cell death was investigated.