Chlorhexidine Dihydrochloride Shows Anti-tumor Effects in Desmoid Tumors and Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Desmoid tumors (DTs), or aggressive fibromatosis, are rare neoplasms arising from connective tissue, frequently exhibiting local invasiveness. The limited treatment options and high recurrence rates of DTs highlight the need for novel therapeutic strategies. This study investigated the efficacy of chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (CD) in inhibiting the growth of DTs and colorectal cancer (CRC).

Anti-tumor Effects of Idarubicin Hydrochloride in Desmoid Tumors.

Background/aim: Desmoid tumors (DTs), also referred to as aggressive fibromatosis, originate from connective tissues and typically manifest with a propensity for local invasion. Despite extensive research efforts aimed at exploring novel anti-tumor agents for DTs, the development of effective clinical management strategies remains an ongoing challenge due to the limited success of current treatments, which frequently lead to inconsistent outcomes and a high recurrence rate of DTs. To overcome these limitations, we focused our research aim on a drug repositioning approach to identify existing medications that could be effective against DTs.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and clinical outcomes in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and diabetes: A population-based cohort study.

Aims: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is associated with a significant risk of arrhythmia and heart failure (HF), yet treatment options for patients with HCM have remained limited. We aimed to investigate the relationship between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) use and clinical outcomes among patients with concurrent HCM and diabetes in real-world settings.

Methods And Results: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, we identified patients with a confirmed diagnosis of HCM and prescriptions for antidiabetic drugs from 2018 to 2022.

Enhanced bactericidal effects of povidone-iodine in the presence of silver ions.

The rising prevalence of antibiotic-resistant infections worldwide necessitates the development of innovative antimicrobial systems for effective pathogen control. This study investigates the synergistic bactericidal effects of a combined system comprising povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and silver ions (Ag(I)). The PVP-I/Ag(I) system exhibited enhanced bactericidal activity against four key surrogate bacterial species: two Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (E.

Efficacy and diabetes risk of moderate-intensity statin plus ezetimibe versus high-intensity statin after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Backgrounds: High-intensity statin is recommended for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and ezetimibe is recommended to be added in patients not achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets. Moderate-intensity statin plus ezetimibe can reduce LDL-C levels similar to high-intensity statin. The aim of this study is to examine the long-term efficacy and safety of moderate-intensity statin plus ezetimibe as the first-line strategy compared to high-intensity statin in patients undergoing PCI.

Automated detection of maxillary sinus opacifications compatible with sinusitis from CT images.

Background: Sinusitis is a commonly encountered clinical condition that imposes a considerable burden on the healthcare systems. A significant number of maxillary sinus opacifications are diagnosed as sinusitis, often overlooking the precise differentiation between cystic formations and inflammatory sinusitis, resulting in inappropriate clinical treatment. This study aims to improve diagnostic accuracy by investigating the feasibility of differentiating maxillary sinusitis, retention cysts, and normal sinuses.

Measurement of Cognitive Function in Exercise Oncology Studies in Patients Treated With Chemotherapy: A Scoping Review.

Cancer-associated cognitive deficits following chemotherapy have received increased attention in clinical research. Exercise has been shown to preserve cognitive function in cancer patients, though the overall effect is mixed. Here we present a scoping review of the published literature summarizing methods used to assess cognitive function in exercise oncology trials.

Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic biomarkers in patients with prostate cancer undergoing active surveillance: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To report the effects of a 12-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program on cardiometabolic biomarkers in patients with prostate cancer on active surveillance (AS) from the Exercise During Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer (ERASE) Trial.

Methods: Fifty-two men with prostate cancer on AS were randomized to either an exercise (HIIT; n = 26) or usual care (UC; n = 26) group. The HIIT intervention consisted of progressive, supervised, aerobic HIIT at an intensity of 85 to 95% VO for 28 to 40 min per session performed three times/week for 12 weeks.

Effects of exercise during active surveillance for prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The efficacy of exercise in men with prostate cancer (PCa) on active surveillance (AS) remains unclear. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to examine the effects of exercise in PCa patients on AS.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library using search terms, including exercise, PCa, AS, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Pregnancy related complications in women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Background: The impact of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) on cardiovascular and obstetrical outcomes in pregnant women remains unclear, particularly in Asian populations. This study aimed to evaluate the maternal cardiovascular and obstetrical outcomes in Korean women with HCM.

Methods: Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, we identified women who gave birth via cesarean section or vaginal delivery after being diagnosed with HCM between 2006 and 2019.

Effects of risk factors on the development and mortality of early- and late-onset dementia: an 11-year longitudinal nationwide population-based cohort study in South Korea.

Background: Early-onset dementia (EOD, onset age < 65) and late-onset dementia (LOD, onset age ≥ 65) exhibit distinct features. Understanding the risk factors for dementia development and mortality in EOD and LOD respectively is crucial for personalized care. While risk factors are known for LOD development and mortality, their impact on EOD remains unclear.

Association between depression, antidepressant use, and the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.

Objective: To examine the association between depression, the use of antidepressants, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Methods: The South Korean national claims data was used. Among a nationally representative population, 273,656 subjects who had been diagnosed with depression and prescribed antidepressants ("DEP with antidepressants") and 78,851 subjects who had been diagnosed with depression but not prescribed antidepressants ("DEP without antidepressants") were identified to be eligible.

Bipolar disorder and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases, heart failure, and all-cause mortality: a population-based matched cohort study in South Korea.

The association of bipolar disorder (BD) with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases and premature death in Asians needs to be further determined. Relatively less attention has been paid to heart failure (HF) among cardiometabolic outcomes. We analyzed the Korean National Health Insurance Service database (2002-2018) for this population-based, matched cohort study.

Psychotic Disorders and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases, and All-Cause Mortality: A Population-Based Matched Cohort Study.

Backgruound: The effects of psychotic disorders on cardiometabolic diseases and premature death need to be determined in Asian populations.

Methods: In this population-based matched cohort study, the Korean National Health Insurance Service database (2002 to 2018) was used. The risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ischemic stroke, composite of all cardiometabolic diseases, and all-cause death during follow-up was compared between individuals with psychotic disorders treated with antipsychotics (n=48,162) and 1:1 matched controls without psychiatric disorders among adults without cardiometabolic diseases before or within 3 months after baseline.

Depression, antidepressant use, and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a nationally representative cohort study.

Background: Previous studies have reported that depression can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, they did not sufficiently consider antidepressants or comorbidity.

Methods: The National Health Insurance Sharing Service database was used.

Creeping fat exhibits distinct Inflammation-specific adipogenic preadipocytes in Crohn's disease.

Creeping fat (CrF) is an extraintestinal manifestation observed in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). It is characterized by the accumulation of mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) that wraps around the intestinal wall. Although the role of CrF in CD is still debated, multiple studies have highlighted a correlation between CrF and inflammation, as well as fibrostenosais of the intestine, which contributes to the worsening of CD symptoms.

Balloon-Expandable Versus Self-Expandable Valve in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Nation-Wide Study.

A few studies have reported comparative analysis of clinical outcomes between balloon-expandable valve (BEV) and self-expandable valve (SEV) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with severe aortic stenosis using newer-generation devices. However, those reports were mostly limited to short-term outcomes and Western populations. In the present study, data of patients with severe aortic stenosis who underwent TAVR between March 2016 and December 2018 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service in Korea.

Direct oral anti-Xa anticoagulants versus warfarin in newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation and CKD: the Korean National Health Insurance Data.

Introduction: Despite the benefits of direct oral anti-Xa anticoagulants (DOACs), the risk-benefit profile of DOAC therapy compared to warfarin therapy in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), including end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is uncertain.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using the Korea National Health Insurance Database from 2013 to 2018. We evaluated patients with incident non-valvular AF and CKD.

Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background Hypertension is an important cause of morbidity, which predisposes patients to major cardiovascular events and mortality. The aim of this study was to explore the association between adherence to antihypertensive medication and clinical outcomes in adult patients with cancer. Methods and Results Using the 2002 to 2013 Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, we extracted adult patients with cancer treated with antihypertensive medications.