Total saponins from Panax japonicus reduced lipid deposition and inflammation in hepatocyte via PHD2 and hepatic macrophage-derived exosomal miR-463-5p.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Panax japonicus (T. Nees) C.A.

DJ-1 promotes osteosarcoma progression through activating CDK4/RB/E2F1 signaling pathway.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant tumor of the bone characterized by poor prognosis due to chemotherapy resistance and high recurrence rates. DJ-1 (PARK7) is known as an oncogene and its abnormal expression is related to the poor prognosis of various types of malignant tumors. It was found in this study that upregulated expression of DJ-1 was closely correlated with the prognosis of OS patients by promoting the proliferation, migration and chemotherapy resistance of OS cells through regulating the activity of CDK4 but not through the oxidation mechanism or AKT pathway.

Drd2 biased agonist prevents neurodegeneration against NLRP3 inflammasome in Parkinson's disease model via a β-arrestin2-biased mechanism.

Activated astrocytes secrete inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) into the extracellular milieu, damaging surrounding neurons and involving in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Dopamine receptor D2 (Drd2) expresses both in neurons and astrocytes, and neuronal Drd2 is a significant target in therapy of PD. Our previous study reveals that astrocytic Drd2 exerts anti-inflammatory effect via non-classical β-arrestin2 signaling in PD model.

Dopamine D2 receptor restricts astrocytic NLRP3 inflammasome activation via enhancing the interaction of β-arrestin2 and NLRP3.

Astrocytes are involved in the neuroinflammation of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Among the numerous inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) produced by astrocytic Nod-like receptor protein (NLRP) inflammasome is crucial in the pathogenesis of PD. β-arrestin2-mediated dopamine D2 receptor (Drd2) signal transduction has been regarded as a potential anti-inflammatory target.