Engineering Extracellular Vesicles Derived from 3D Cultivation of BMSCs Enriched with HGF Ameliorate Sepsis-Induced Lung Epithelial Barrier Damage.

Sepsis is a critical condition with high mortality, often leading to acute lung injury (ALI) due to uncontrolled inflammatory responses and alveolar epithelial damage. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs, have shown therapeutic potential in sepsis-related organ dysfunction by transferring RNAs and proteins. However, their clinical use is limited by low efficacy and yield.

Identification of ZIP8-induced ferroptosis as a major type of cell death in monocytes under sepsis conditions.

Sepsis is a heterogenous syndrome with concurrent hyperinflammation and immune suppression. A prominent feature of immunosuppression during sepsis is the dysfunction and loss of monocytes; however, the major type of cell death contributing to this depletion, as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms, are yet to be identified. In this study, we confirmed the monocyte loss in septic patients based on a pooled gene expression data of periphery leukocytes.