Cancer Immunotherapy with "Vascular-Immune" Crosstalk as Entry Point: Associated Mechanisms, Therapeutic Drugs and Nano-Delivery Systems.

Tumor vessels characterized by abnormal functions and structures hinder the infiltration and immune antigen presentation of immune cells by inducing the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment ("cold" environment). Vascular-targeted therapy has been proven to enhance immune stimulation and the effectiveness of immunotherapy by modulating the "cold" microenvironment, such as hypoxia and an acidic microenvironment. Notably, a therapeutic strategy based on "vascular-immune" crosstalk can achieve dual regulation of tumor vessels and the immune system by reprogramming the tumor microenvironment (TME), thus forming a positive feedback loop between tumor vessels and the immune microenvironment.

Effects of pharmacist-led interventions on glycaemic control, adherence, disease management and health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes: a protocol for a network meta-analysis.

Introduction: The increase in the number of patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is in need of effective management interventions. However, research to date has been limited to the evaluation of the outcomes of community pharmacists alone. Therefore, the aim of the study protocol is to compare the effects of clinical pharmacist-led intervention strategies for the management of T2DM in the outpatient settings.

The Influence of Diagnosis Intervention Packet Policy Intervention on Medication Structure and Drug Cost of Elderly Hypertensive Inpatients in China: A Multicenter Interrupted Time-Series Analysis.

Background: DIP is a new medical insurance payment system developed in China which was implemented in Guangzhou in January 2018, but few studies have focused on its intervention effect on the drug burden of elderly hypertensive patients.

Methods: Nine medical institutions in Guangzhou, China, were selected, among which, daily full medical orders of elderly hypertensive inpatients from 2016 to 2020 were randomly collected. To assess the impact of DIP policy intervention on patient drug burden, we took the data after policy implementation in January 2018, as the intervention data, and applied a segmented regression model with interrupted time series to analyze the trend and changes in average daily drug costs per month and medication structure, stratified by age, sex, and inpatient department.

Targeting mTOR Complex 2 in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer with Acquired Docetaxel Resistance.

Purpose: Mammalian Target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a central role in regulating cell growth, proliferation, and cell cycle. The key component of mTORC2 is highly expressed in docetaxel-resistant prostate cells. However, the underlying molecular effects on prostate cells remain unclear.

TPGS-based and S-thanatin functionalized nanorods for overcoming drug resistance in Klebsiella pneumonia.

Tigecycline is regarded as the last line of defense to combat multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, increasing utilization has led to rising drug resistance and treatment failure. Here, we design a D-alpha tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate-modified and S-thanatin peptide-functionalized nanorods based on calcium phosphate nanoparticles for tigecycline delivery and pneumonia therapy caused by tigecycline-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Mitofusin2 Promotes Cell Maturation from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells via Sirt3/Idh2 Activation.

cell dysfunction is the leading cause of diabetes. Adult cells have matured glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), whereas fetal and neonatal cells are insensitive to glucose and are functionally immature. However, how cells mature and acquire robust GSIS is not fully understood.

Platinum-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (PIPN): ROS-Related Mechanism, Therapeutic Agents, and Nanosystems.

Platinum (Pt) drugs (e.g., oxaliplatin, cisplatin) are applied in the clinic worldwide for the treatment of various cancers.

The molecular and cellular insight into the toxicology of bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy.

The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ) is a first-line antitumor drug, mainly used for multiple myeloma treatment. However, BTZ shows prominent toxicity in the peripheral nervous system, termed BTZ-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN). BIPN is characterized by neuropathic pain, resulting in a dose reduction or even treatment withdrawal.

A Retrospective Study of 158 Cases on the Risk Factors for Recurrence in Ameloblastoma.

Ameloblastoma is an odontogenic tumor occurring in jaws, with local aggressiveness and postoperative recurrence. This study was aim to investigate the clinical and radiographic risk factors for recurrence in ameloblastoma. Patients diagnosed with ameloblastoma between March 2009 and March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.

Risk Perception, Self-efficacy, Lay Theories of Health, and Engagement in Health-Protective Behaviors Among Hospital Pharmacists During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Risk perception is an important predictor of health-protective behaviors during pandemics. However, the underlying mechanism connecting risk perception and health-protective behaviors is not well understood. The current study investigates how risk perception predicts hospital pharmacists' engagement in health-protective behaviors during the peak period of COVID-19 pandemic in China and the mediating effects of lay theories of health and self-efficacy.

Co-transfection with and via chitosan nanoparticles potentiates osteogenesis in human adipose-derived stromal cells .

Objective: To investigate if co-transfection of human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2, ) and human fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2, ) via chitosan nanoparticles promotes osteogenesis in human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) .

Materials And Methods: Recombinant and/or expression vectors were constructed and packaged into chitosan nanoparticles. The chitosan nanoparticles were characterized by atomic force microscopy.

Cost-effectiveness of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients with chronic kidney disease in China.

What Is Known And Objective: In non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), rivaroxaban was not inferior to warfarin in preventing stroke and systemic embolism. However, a comparative evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of rivaroxaban and warfarin therapies for NVAF patients at different renal function levels has not yet been reported, and this study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of rivaroxaban compared with warfarin in Chinese NVAF patients with CKD.

Methods: A Markov model was constructed to estimate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and lifetime costs associated with the use of rivaroxaban relative to warfarin in patients with NVAF at different estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels as follows: 30 to <50, 50 to <80 and ≥80 mL/min.

Assessment of the Potential Adverse Events Related to Ribavirin-Interferon Combination for Novel Coronavirus Therapy.

Purpose: We aimed to analyze and evaluate the safety signals of ribavirin-interferon combination through data mining of the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), so as to provide reference for the rationale use of these agents in the management of relevant toxicities emerging in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19).

Methods: Reports to the FAERS from 1 January 2004 to 8 March 2020 were analyzed. The proportion of report ratio (PRR), reporting odds ratio (ROR), and Bayesian confidence interval progressive neural network (BCPNN) method were used to detect the safety signals.

Fluorouracil Supplemented With Oxaliplatin or Irinotecan for Solid Tumors: Indications From Clinical Characteristics and Health Outcomes of Patients.

Fluorouracil combined with oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) and fluorouracil combined with irinotecan (FOLFIRI) are both first-line clinical chemotherapy regimens. However, clinicians' selection of FOLFIRI or FOLFOX medication regimens and their effects on patients' health outcomes are not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts on patient characteristics of FOLFIRI or FOLFOX medication regimen selection and the effects of each regimen on patients' health outcomes in a real-world setting.

Improvement in Hypertension Management with Pharmacological and Non- Pharmacological Approaches: Current Perspectives.

Purpose: Improving hypertension management is still one of the biggest challenges in public health worldwide. Existing guidelines do not reach a consensus on the optimal Blood Pressure (BP) target. Therefore, how to effectively manage hypertension based on individual characteristics of patients, combined with the pharmacological and non-pharmacological approach, has become a problem to be urgently considered.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of cinacalcet for haemodialysis patients with moderate-to-severe secondary hyperparathyroidism in China: evaluation based on the EVOLVE trial.

Objective: As the cost-effectiveness evaluation of cinacalcet and conventional therapy in China has not been reported, the objective of this study was to make a pharmacoeconomic evaluation of cinacalcet specific to the Chinese healthcare setting in patients with moderate-to-severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) undergoing dialysis.

Designs: Data from Evaluation of Cinacalcet Therapy to Lower Cardiovascular Events trial were used for this analysis. A semi-Markov model was constructed to estimate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and lifetime costs in cinacalcet plus conventional therapy (cinacalcet strategy) compared with conventional therapy (standard strategy), in patients with moderate-to-severe SHPT undergoing dialysis.

Liver Injury in Critically Ill and Non-critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Multicenter, Retrospective, Observational Study.

Liver injury commonly occurs in patients with COVID-19. There is limited data describing the course of liver injury occurrence in patients with different disease severity, and the causes and risk factors are unknown. We aim to investigate the incidence, characteristics, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of liver injury in patients with COVID-19.

[Establishment of a rapid identification of adverse drug reaction program in R language implementation based on monitoring data].

Objective: To establish a clinically applicable model of rapid identification of adverse drug reaction program (RiADP) for risk management and decision-making of clinical drug use.

Methods: Based on the theory of disproportion analysis, frequency method and Bayes method, a clinically applicable RiADP model in R language background was established, and the parameters of the model were interpreted by MedDRA coding. Based on the actual monitoring data of FDA, the model was validated by the assessing hepatotoxicity of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r).

[Management of a colon cancer patient complicated with COVID-19].

Objective: To explore the feasibility of radical resection for cancer patients complicated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: The management and clinical outcome of a sigmoid cancer patient with COVID-19 were analyzed.

Results: The inflammation indicators and fever of this patient were effectively controlled and the lung lesions remained stable after active anti-viral treatment, then the radical colorectomy was performed after the viral negative conversion for twice.

Development and Validation of a Medication Selection Model Under Clinical Application of Renin-Angiotensin Inhibitor Combined with Calcium Channel Blocker for Hypertension Patients.

BACKGROUND This study evaluated the impact of clinical features and concomitant conditions on the clinical selection of different renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors in patients with hypertension, and built a renin-angiotensin inhibitors selection model (RAISM) to provide a reference for clinical decision making. MATERIAL AND METHODS We included 213 hypertensive patients in the study cohort; patients were divided into two groups: the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) combined with calcium channel blocker (CCB) group (ACEI+CCB group) and the angiotensin receptor antagonist (ARB) combined with CCB group (ARB+CCB group). Basic demographic characteristics and concomitant conditions of the patients were compared.

Protective effects of Corbrin Capsule against permanent cerebral ischemia in mice.

Corbrin Capsule is a traditional Chinese patent medicine with the main component of fermentative cordyceps fungus powder (Cs-C-Q80). The indications of Corbrin Capsule include chronic renal insufficiency, chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic bronchitis. However, the effects of Corbrin Capsule on acute cerebral ischemia are still unclear.

Aromatase inhibitors and risk of cardiovascular events in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiovascular events (CVEs) was considered as one of the primary cause to reduce the quality of life in breast cancer patients with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) treatment, which has not been sufficiently addressed. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between risk of CVEs and AIs in patients with breast cancer.

Methods: Included studies were obtained from the databases of Embase, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials.

Incidence of menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with aromatase inhibitors.

Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are the standard of care for postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the occurrence of menopausal symptoms in breast cancer patients receiving the AI therapy. Patients treated with AIs had an increased risk of all-grade arthralgia (1.

PD-1 inhibitors increase the incidence and risk of pneumonitis in cancer patients in a dose-independent manner: a meta-analysis.

Therapies that targeted PD-1 have shown remarkable rates of durable clinical responses in patients with various tumor types. However, the extent and knowledge of pulmonary toxicities associated with PD-1 blockade, mainly manifested as pneumonitis, remains obscure. In this study, a total of 6360 subjects from 16 phase II/III clinical trials were pooled for meta-analysis to evaluate the overall incidence and risk of PD-1 inhibitors-related pneumonitis in cancer patients.

Possible Pathways of Capecitabine-Induced Hand-Foot Syndrome.

Capecitabine, an oral prodrug of 5-fluorouracil, inhibits DNA synthesis and has received FDA approval for treatment of metastatic colorectal and breast cancers. Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is a serious dose-limiting toxicity and the most frequently reported side effect of capecitabine. Because of the lack of knowledge about the causative mechanism of HFS, scarce information is available for effective treatment or prevention.