Development and Validation of a Modeling and Calibration Method for Diesel-Like Multistage Combustion Based On a Modified Multi-Wiebe Function.

The stringent regulations of fuel consumption and exhaust emission require further refinement of the control strategy for diesel engines. In the future, the prediction of the in-cylinder combustion process will become necessary to achieve a more dedicated control performance. Hence, a more precise model able to run in a real-time application is required to predict the nature of multiphase Diesel combustion.

Quantitative Analysis of the Influence Saliency of VVA and EGR on the Fuel Economy and Mixture Combustion Characteristics of a Turbocharged Spark Ignition Engine.

To meet the stringent emission regulations and fuel economy demands of the spark ignition (SI) engine, more and more new technologies such as turbocharging, variable valve actuation (VVA), and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) are being developed. For the turbocharged SI engine, the high boost pressure can lead to higher laminar combustion velocity with higher maximum burned gas temperature, which induces more emissions; it also carries a risk of serious knocking, which can not only deteriorate the brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) but also destroy the engine. As is well known, the dilution mixture gas methods, which include VVA and EGR, are effective techniques to advance the combustion phase and suppress knocking in the SI turbocharged engines.

[Analysis of mutation of BIGH3 gene in Chinese patients with corneal dystrophies].

Objective: To study whether Chinese patients with various corneal dystrophy carry mutations in BIGH3 gene.

Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from Chinese patients with Avellino corneal dystrophy (ACD, 10 cases), Reis-Bücklers corneal dystrophy (CDRB, 2 cases), granular corneal dystrophy (GCD, 3 cases) and 5 control subjects. The exons 4 and 12 of BIGH3 gene were amplified by PCR and the product was sequenced directly.

[A study on the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B in rat retina induced by interleukin-1 beta].

Objective: To evaluate the inductive role of interleukin (IL)-1 beta and the inhibitory role of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB in the rat retina.

Methods: Sixteen Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups. The inductive role of IL-1 beta was observed in group A, in which 5 microl IL-1 beta (5 x 10(7) U/L) was injected intravitreally in the right (experimental) eye and PSS 5 microl in the left (control) eye.