Epidemiological and genetic characteristics of norovirus in Hangzhou, China, in the postepidemic era.

Objective: Norovirus (NoV) is an important human pathogen that can cause severe gastroenteritis in vulnerable populations. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of 2021-2023 NoV in Hangzhou, China.

Methods: This study enrolled patients aged 0-18 years who underwent NoV RNA detection in the hospital between January 2021 and October 2023 and analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of NoV.

Functional prediction of the potential NGLY1 mutations associated with rare disease CDG.

Genetic diseases are currently diagnosed by functional mutations. However, only some mutations are associated with disease. It is necessary to establish a quick prediction model for clinical screening.

Mobile genetic elements mediate the cross-media transmission of antibiotic resistance genes from pig farms and their risks.

Manure composting in traditional small-scale pig farms leads to the migration and diffusion of antibiotics and antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs) along the chain of transmission to the surrounding environment, increasing the risk of environmental resistance. Understanding the transmission patterns, driving factors, and health risks of ARGs on small-scale pig farms is important for effective control of ARGs transmission. This study was conducted on a small pig farm and its surrounding environment.

Talaromyces marneffei endocarditis initially detected by Next Generation Sequencing: A case report.

Background: Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) is a thermal dimorphic fungus, which can cause lung or blood stream infection in patients, often life-threatening. However, endocarditis caused by T.

The effect of nonpharmaceutical interventions on influenza virus transmission.

Background: The use of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during severe acute respiratory syndrome 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks may influence the spread of influenza viruses. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of NPIs against SARS-CoV-2 on the epidemiological features of the influenza season in China.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study analyzing influenza monitoring data obtained from the China National Influenza Center between 2011 and 2023.

infection in a patient with arthritis.

is a new taxon constituting an emerging species of human pathogenic , which shares morphological features with . However, is more invasive and more easily disseminated, and it exhibits distinctive antibiotic susceptibility. Few clinical cases related to infection have been reported, and hydrarthrosis has not been described.

The role of microbial interactions in dental caries: Dental plaque microbiota analysis.

Objectives: Dental caries is a result of the ecological dysfunction of the polymicrobial community on the tooth surface, which evolves through microbial interactions. In this study, we conducted a thorough analysis of the dental plaque microbiome to comprehend its multi-microbial aetiology.

Materials And Method: In this study, plaque was collected from healthy tooth surfaces, shallow carious teeth and deep carious teeth, and bacterial composition and abundance were assessed using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.

Quantitative Risk Assessment of Five Foodborne Viruses in Shellfish Based on Multiplex qPCR.

Foodborne diseases are currently the most critical food safety issue in the world. There are not many hazard identification and exposure assessments for foodborne viruses (Norovirus GI, GII, Hepatitis A Virus, Rotavirus, Adenovirus) in shellfish. Multiplex qPCR for the simultaneous detection of five foodborne viruses was established and used to assess infection risk based on a 1-year pathogenesis study.

Vertical migration and dissipation of oxytetracycline induces the recoverable shift in microbial community and antibiotic resistance.

Antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) spread in anthropogenic polluted soils is believed to be accelerated by the incidental inputs of antibiotics via fertilizing and irrigation, and endangering food and human health. However, due to the complex nature of substrates and uncertain microbial responses, the primary drivers of ARG dissemination remain unclear. To address this concern, the effects of antibiotic inputs on soil microbes and antibiotic resistance under simulated natural conditions was investigated in this study.

Dabie bandavirus infection induces macrophagic pyroptosis and this process is attenuated by platelets.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infection with a high mortality rate in humans, which is caused by Dabie bandavirus (DBV), formerly known as SFTS virus. Clinical manifestations of SFTS are characterized by high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hemorrhage, gastrointestinal symptoms, myalgia and local lymph node enlargement with up to 30% case fatality rates in human. Macrophage depletion in secondary lymphoid organs have important roles in the pathogenic process of fatal SFTS, but its exact cell death mechanism remains largely unknown.

Successful treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid: cutaneous nocardiosis caused by .

Aim: To emphasize the role of non-sulfonamides in the treatment of Nocardia infection and reduce the adverse reactions caused by sulfonamides.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a case of cutaneous nocardiosis in an immunocompetent individual. The colonies obtained by staining the pus in the lesion with antacid and culturing the agar plates were identified by flight mass spectrometry.

Immunogenicity and Blocking Efficacy of Norovirus GII.4 Recombinant P Protein Vaccine.

Noroviruses (NoVs) are the main cause of acute gastroenteritis in all ages worldwide. The aim of this study was to produce the recombinant P protein of norovirus and to demonstrate its blocking effect. In this study, the engineered strains were induced to express the P protein of NoVs GII.

Soluble extracellular polymeric substance (SEPS) of histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) expressing bacterium Sphingobacterium sp. SC015 influences the survival and persistence of norovirus on lettuce.

Foodborne norovirus (NoV) outbreaks linked to leafy greens are common due to a lack of efficient strategies to prevent NoV spread from contaminated surfaces. We previously found that Sphingobacterium sp. SC015 in lettuce phyllosphere expresses histo-blood group antigen (HBGA)-like substances in soluble extracellular polymeric substances (SEPS) that contribute to NoV adherence on lettuce.

Effect of Direct Viral-Bacterial Interactions on the Removal of Norovirus From Lettuce.

Norovirus (NoV) is the main non-bacterial pathogen causing outbreaks of gastroenteritis and is considered to be the leading cause of foodborne illness. This study aims to determine whether lettuce-encapsulated bacteria can express histo-blood group antigen (HBGA)-like substances to bind to NoV and, if so, to explore its role in protecting NoV from disinfection practices. Fifteen bacterial strains (HBGA-SEBs) were isolated from the lettuce microbiome and studied as they were proved to have the ability to express HBGA-like substances through indirect ELISA detection.

Survey of pathogenic bacteria of biofilms in a metropolitan drinking water distribution system.

Bacteria, especially pathogenic bacteria, were detected in order to estimate the safety of drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs). Sixteen biofilms and 12 water samples (six retained and six flowing) were collected from a city DWDS in eastern China. Biofilms were observed using scanning electron microscopy.

Antiviral Effects of Polysaccharide Extract on Murine Norovirus-1 (MNV-1)-A Human Norovirus Surrogate.

is an herbal plant rich in polysaccharides and with several pharmacological activities. Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the most common cause of foodborne viral gastroenteritis throughout the world. In this study, polysaccharide (HP), with a molecular weight of ~43 kDa, was purified from water extract (HWE).

Evaluation of an Extraction Method for the Detection of GI and GII Noroviruses in Fruit and Vegetable Salads.

Human norovirus (HuNoV) is a major foodborne virus causing gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans. Salad products can be vectors of transmission for foodborne viruses such as HuNoV when these products are contaminated naturally or through unsanitary food handling. Therefore, development of simple, reliable and sensitive techniques for the detection of HuNoV in salad products is needed to ensure food safety.

Antiviral activity of phenanthrenes from the medicinal plant Bletilla striata against influenza A virus.

Background: Influenza represents a serious public health concern. The emergence of resistance to anti-influenza drugs underlines the need to develop new drugs. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-influenza viral activity and possible mechanisms of 12 phenanthrenes from the medicinal plant Bletilla striata (Orchidaceae family).

Bacterial community radial-spatial distribution in biofilms along pipe wall in chlorinated drinking water distribution system of East China.

Biofilms in the pipe wall may lead to water quality deterioration and biological instability in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs). In this study, bacterial community radial-spatial distribution in biofilms along the pipe wall in a chlorinated DWDS of East China was investigated. Three pipes of large diameter (300, 600, and 600 mm) were sampled in this DWDS, including a ductile cast iron pipe (DCIP) with pipe age of 11 years and two gray cast iron pipes (GCIP) with pipe ages of 17 and 19 years, and biofilms in the upper, middle, and lower parts of each pipe wall were collected.

Pyrosequencing analysis of bacterial communities in biofilms from different pipe materials in a city drinking water distribution system of East China.

Biofilms in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) could cause several types of problems, such as the deterioration of water quality, corrosion of pipe walls, and potential proliferation of opportunistic pathogens. In this study, ten biofilm samples from different pipe materials, including ductile cast iron pipe (DCIP), gray cast iron pipe (GCIP), galvanized steel pipe (GSP), stainless steel clad pipe (SSCP), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), were collected from an actual DWDS to investigate the effect of pipe material on bacterial community. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and culture-based method were used to quantify bacteria.

Antibacterial Biphenanthrenes from the Fibrous Roots of Bletilla striata.

Four new 9',10'-dihydro-biphenanthrenes, including an unprecedented 1,2'-linked biphenanthrene, 4,7,3',5'-tetramethoxy-9',10'-dihydro(1,2'-biphenanthrene)-2,7'-diol (1), a new 1,3'-linked biphenanthrene, 4,7,7'-trimethoxy-9',10'-dihydro(1,3'-biphenanthrene)-2,2',5'-triol (2), and two new 1,1'-linked biphenanthrenes, 4,7,4'-trimethoxy-9',10'-dihydro(1,1'-biphenanthrene)-2,2',7'-triol (3) and 4,7,3',5'-tetramethoxy-9',10'-dihydro(1,1'-biphenanthrene)-2,2',7'-triol (4), as well as two known biphenanthrenes (5, 6), were isolated from a 95% ethanol extract of the fibrous roots of Bletilla striata. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic and spectrometric methods. Atropisomerism of these compounds was considered based on their chiral optical properties and potential energy surface scans at the ab initio HF/3-21G level, which revealed their racemic mixture form.

Lasiodiplodia sp. ME4-2, an endophytic fungus from the floral parts of Viscum coloratum, produces indole-3-carboxylic acid and other aromatic metabolites.

Background: Studies on endophytes, a relatively under-explored group of microorganisms, are currently popular amongst biologists and natural product researchers. A fungal strain (ME4-2) was isolated from flower samples of mistletoe (Viscum coloratum) during a screening program for endophytes. As limited information on floral endophytes is available, the aim of the present study is to characterise fungal endophytes using their secondary metabolites.

Evidence for nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation as a previously overlooked microbial methane sink in wetlands.

The process of nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo) was recently discovered and shown to be mediated by "Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera" (M. oxyfera). Here, evidence for n-damo in three different freshwater wetlands located in southeastern China was obtained using stable isotope measurements, quantitative PCR assays, and 16S rRNA and particulate methane monooxygenase gene clone library analyses.