Optical Flow Sensor with Fluorescent-Conjugated Hyperelastic Pillar: A Biomimetic Approach.

Although the Doppler velocity log is widely applied to measure underwater fluid flow, it requires high power and is inappropriate for measuring low flow velocity. This study proposes a fluid flow sensor that utilizes optical flow sensing. The proposed sensor mimics the neuromast of a fish by attaching a phosphor to two pillar structures (A and B) produced using ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber.

Treatment of a penetrating inferior vena cava injury using doctor-helicopter emergency medical service and direct-to-operating room resuscitation in Korea: a case report.

Inferior vena cava (IVC) injuries can have fatal outcomes and are associated with high mortality rates. Patients with IVC injuries require multiple procedures, including prehospital care, surgical techniques, and postoperative care. We present the case of a 67-year-old woman who stabbed herself in the abdomen with a knife, resulting in an infrarenal IVC injury.

Development of a practical framework and indicators for monitoring integrated long-term health and care needs and service use.

This case study presents an evidence-building approach to support policy planning for integrated health and care delivery for older adults. We developed an integrated needs-assessment framework to monitor the complex long-term medical and care needs of older individuals, using routinely collected, standardized needs-assessment and utilization data from the public health and long-term care (LTC) insurance systems in South Korea. We also developed a set of misuse indicators and analyzed service utilization patterns, while accounting for their varying types of needs.

Efficacy of direct-to-operating room trauma resuscitation: a systematic review.

Background: Hemorrhage control is a time-critical task, and recent studies have demonstrated that a shorter time to definitive care is positively associated with patient survival and functional outcomes. The concept of direct transport to the operating room was proposed in the 1960s to reduce treatment time. Some trauma centers have developed protocols for direct-to-operating room resuscitation (DOR) programs.

Label-Free CD34+ Cell Identification Using Deep Learning and Lens-Free Shadow Imaging Technology.

Accurate and efficient classification and quantification of CD34+ cells are essential for the diagnosis and monitoring of leukemia. Current methods, such as flow cytometry, are complex, time-consuming, and require specialized expertise and equipment. This study proposes a novel approach for the label-free identification of CD34+ cells using a deep learning model and lens-free shadow imaging technology (LSIT).

Construction of Asbestos Slate Deep-Learning Training-Data Model Based on Drone Images.

The detection of asbestos roof slate by drone is necessary to avoid the safety risks and costs associated with visual inspection. Moreover, the use of deep-learning models increases the speed as well as reduces the cost of analyzing the images provided by the drone. In this study, we developed a comprehensive learning model using supervised and unsupervised classification techniques for the accurate classification of roof slate.

Comparative Analysis of Biological Signatures between Freshly Preserved and Cryo-Preserved Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into multiple connective tissue lineages, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. MSCs secrete paracrine molecules that are associated with immunomodulation, anti-fibrotic effects, and angiogenesis. Due to their orchestrative potential, MSCs have been therapeutically applied for several diseases.

Colloidal Quantum Dot Nanolithography: Direct Patterning via Electron Beam Lithography.

Micro/nano patterns based on quantum dots (QDs) are of great interest for applications ranging from electronics to photonics to sensing devices for biomedical purposes. Several patterning methods have been developed, but all lack the precision and reproducibility required to fabricate precise, complex patterns of less than one micrometer in size, or require specialized crosslinking ligands, limiting their application. In this study, we present a novel approach to directly pattern QD nanopatterns by electron beam lithography using commercially available colloidal QDs without additional modifications.

Successful treatment of a blunt retrohepatic vena cava injury using an atriocaval shunt without sternotomy or thoracotomy: a case report.

Retrohepatic vena cava (RHIVC) injury is often fatal and can be very difficult to manage. Total hepatic vascular isolation, a shunt, or bypass surgery is required for the surgical treatment of RHIVC injury in hemodynamically unstable patients; however, these are not easy procedures. Here, we present a case of RHIVC injury that was successfully treated by atriocaval shunt placement via a transdiaphragmatic incision without sternotomy or thoracotomy.

Field-portable seawater toxicity monitoring platform using lens-free shadow imaging technology.

The accidental spill of hazardous and noxious substances (HNSs) in the ocean has serious environmental and human health consequences. Assessing the ecotoxicity of seawater exposed to various HNS is challenging due to the constant development of new HNS or mixtures, and assessment methods are also limited. Microalgae viability tests are often used among the various biological indicators for ecotoxicity testing, as they are the primary producers in aquatic ecosystems.

Localization of Cracks in Concrete Structures Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle.

Active research on crack detection technology for structures based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has attracted considerable attention. Most of the existing research on localization of cracks using UAVs mounted the Global Positioning System (GPS)/Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) on the UAVs to obtain location information. When such absolute position information is used, several studies confirmed that positioning errors of the UAVs were reflected and were in the order of a few meters.

Field-Portable Leukocyte Classification Device Based on Lens-Free Shadow Imaging Technique.

The complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most important clinical steps in clinical diagnosis. The instruments used for CBC are usually expensive and bulky and require well-trained operators. Therefore, it is difficult for medical institutions below the tertiary level to provide these instruments, especially in underprivileged countries.

A CMOS Image Sensor Based Refractometer without Spectrometry.

The refractive index (RI), an important optical property of a material, is measured by commercial refractometers in the food, agricultural, chemical, and manufacturing industries. Most of these refractometers must be equipped with a prism for light dispersion, which drastically limits the design and size of the refractometer. Recently, there have been several reports on the development of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based RI detector, which is characterized by its high sensitivity and simplicity.

PS-MCL: parallel shotgun coarsened Markov clustering of protein interaction networks.

Background: How can we obtain fast and high-quality clusters in genome scale bio-networks? Graph clustering is a powerful tool applied on bio-networks to solve various biological problems such as protein complexes detection, disease module detection, and gene function prediction. Especially, MCL (Markov Clustering) has been spotlighted due to its superior performance on bio-networks. MCL, however, is skewed towards finding a large number of very small clusters (size 1-3) and fails to detect many larger clusters (size 10+).

CASS: A distributed network clustering algorithm based on structure similarity for large-scale network.

As the size of networks increases, it is becoming important to analyze large-scale network data. A network clustering algorithm is useful for analysis of network data. Conventional network clustering algorithms in a single machine environment rather than a parallel machine environment are actively being researched.

A Field-Portable Cell Analyzer without a Microscope and Reagents.

This paper demonstrates a commercial-level field-portable lens-free cell analyzer called the NaviCell (No-stain and Automated Versatile Innovative cell analyzer) capable of automatically analyzing cell count and viability without employing an optical microscope and reagents. Based on the lens-free shadow imaging technique, the NaviCell (162 × 135 × 138 mm³ and 1.02 kg) has the advantage of providing analysis results with improved standard deviation between measurement results, owing to its large field of view.

A Human Serum-Based Enzyme-Free Continuous Glucose Monitoring Technique Using a Needle-Type Bio-Layer Interference Sensor.

The incidence of diabetes is continually increasing, and by 2030, it is expected to have increased by 69% and 20% in underdeveloped and developed countries, respectively. Therefore, glucose sensors are likely to remain in high demand in medical device markets. For the current study, we developed a needle-type bio-layer interference (BLI) sensor that can continuously monitor glucose levels.

A review of recent progress in lens-free imaging and sensing.

Recently, lens-free imaging has evolved as an alternative imaging technology. The key advantages of this technology, including simplicity, compactness, low cost, and flexibility of integration with other components, have facilitated the realization of many innovative applications, especially, in the fields of the on-chip lens-free imaging and sensing. In this review, we discuss the development of lens-free imaging, from theory to applications.

Review on Graph Clustering and Subgraph Similarity Based Analysis of Neurological Disorders.

How can complex relationships among molecular or clinico-pathological entities of neurological disorders be represented and analyzed? Graphs seem to be the current answer to the question no matter the type of information: molecular data, brain images or neural signals. We review a wide spectrum of graph representation and graph analysis methods and their application in the study of both the genomic level and the phenotypic level of the neurological disorder. We find numerous research works that create, process and analyze graphs formed from one or a few data types to gain an understanding of specific aspects of the neurological disorders.

Automated Micro-Object Detection for Mobile Diagnostics Using Lens-Free Imaging Technology.

Lens-free imaging technology has been extensively used recently for microparticle and biological cell analysis because of its high throughput, low cost, and simple and compact arrangement. However, this technology still lacks a dedicated and automated detection system. In this paper, we describe a custom-developed automated micro-object detection method for a lens-free imaging system.