SsPtc3 Modulating SsSmk1-MAPK and Autophagy to Facilitate Growth and Pathogenicity in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

The compound appressoria of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can produce cell wall-degrading enzymes, effectors and toxins, which promote penetration and the death of host cells. Subsequently, invasive hyphae (IH) branch rapidly as necrotrophic growth and disease symptoms are observed. S.

Cd adsorption prediction of Fe mono/composite modified biochar based on machine learning: Application for controllable preparation.

In this study, artificial neural network (ANN) and random forest (RF) were constructed to predict the Cd adsorption capacity of Fe-modified biochar. The RF model outperformed ANN model in accuracy and predictive performance (R = 0.98).

Relationship between stigma and infertility-related stress among couples undergoing AID: The mediating role of communication patterns.

Infertility can be stressful for infertile couples. This study aims to examine the intra-dyadic associations between stigma, communication patterns, and infertility-related stress in couples undergoing artificial insemination by donor semen (AID). This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2021.

The change of intimate relationship between people with Alzheimer's disease and their adult child caregivers: An interpretative phenomenological analysis.

This study aims to explore the change of intimate relationship between people with Alzheimer's disease and their adult child caregivers as the disease progresses. Twelve adult child caregivers were recruited through purposive sampling. Explanatory phenomenological analysis was conducted to analyse data collected by semi-structured in-depth interviews.

Bruton's tyrosine kinase-bearing B cells and microglia in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that involves B-cell receptor signaling as well as astrocyte-microglia interaction, which both contribute to evolution of NMOSD lesions.

Main Body: Through transcriptomic and flow cytometry analyses, we found that Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), a crucial protein of B-cell receptor was upregulated both in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of NMOSD patients. Blockade of BTK with zanubrutinib, a highly specific BTK inhibitor, mitigated the activation and maturation of B cells and reduced production of causal aquaporin-4 (AQP4) autoantibodies.

Experimental and theoretic mechanism of successive adsorption of oppositely charged Cu(II) and Cr(VI) onto amine-rich cellulose adsorbent.

A novel layer-by-layer adsorption was proposed and used for adsorption of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) on the pre-bleached sawdust cellulose coated with polyethylenimine (PSC-PEI). It was found that PSC-PEI loaded with Cu(II) cations was favorable for Cr(VI) anions adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacities estimated by Langmuir model for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) were 80.

Responsiveness to Tocilizumab in Anti-Acetylcholine Receptor-Positive Generalized Myasthenia Gravis.

Tocilizumab, a humanized IL-6R monoclonal antibody, has been used in autoimmune diseases closely related to humoral immunity. This report aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety in patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor-positive (AChR+) generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). We performed a prospective, open-label, single-arm study in patients with gMG in a 48-week follow-up.

The Activating Autophagy Is Required for Sclerotia Formation and Pathogenicity in .

is a necrotrophic phytopathogenic fungus that produces sclerotia. Sclerotia are essential components of the survival and disease cycle of this devastating pathogen. In this study, we analyzed comparative transcriptomics of hyphae and sclerotia.

Batoclimab as an add-on therapy in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients with acute attacks.

Background And Purpose: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a severe neurological inflammatory disease mainly caused by pathogenic aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-IgG). The safety and efficacy of the neonatal Fc receptor antagonist batoclimab addition to conventional intravenous methylprednisolone pulse (IVMP) therapy in patients with NMOSD acute attacks was assessed.

Methods: In an open-label, dose-escalation phase 1b study, NMOSD patients with acute myelitis and/or optic neuritis received four doses of weekly subcutaneous injections of either 340 mg or 680 mg batoclimab with concurrent IVMP and were followed up for 27 weeks.

A real-world study of interleukin-6 receptor blockade in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a relapsing autoimmune disease that can cause permanent neurological disabilities. However, the interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling pathway is a promising therapeutic target for relapse prevention. Therefore, this study evaluated the long-term effectiveness of tocilizumab, a humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, for NMOSD.

The incidence and prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of multiple sclerosis in China: a narrative review.

In 2018, the first list of rare diseases was published by the National Health Council of China, and multiple sclerosis (MS) was included in this list. Since then, the Chinese government and neurologists have made efforts to improve the clinical outcomes of patients with MS. During last few years, the incidence of MS in China was also investigated.

Direct Electron Transfer from Upconversion Graphene Quantum Dots to TiO Enabling Infrared Light-Driven Overall Water Splitting.

Utilization of infrared light in photocatalytic water splitting is highly important yet challenging given its large proportion in sunlight. Although upconversion material may photogenerate electrons with sufficient energy, the electron transfer between upconversion material and semiconductor is inefficient limiting overall photocatalytic performance. In this work, a TiO/graphene quantum dot (GQD) hybrid system has been designed with intimate interface, which enables highly efficient transfer of photogenerated electrons from GQDs to TiO.

A boronization-induced amorphous-crystalline interface on a Prussian blue analogue for efficient and stable seawater splitting.

A promising electrocatalyst with an amorphous-crystalline structure was designed through a NaBH reduction strategy. Such a surface-defective heterophase structure remarkably prevents the catalyst from corroding by hindering the transport of Cl, resulting in efficient and stable overall seawater splitting.

Highly Foldable, Super-Sensitive, and Transparent Nanocellulose/Ceramic/Polymer Cover Windows for Flexible OLED Displays.

Polymer cover windows are important components of flexible OLED displays but they easily generate wrinkles because of their weak folding resistance. Increasing the polymer thickness can improve the folding resistance but it decreases the touch sensitivity. Thus, fabricating highly foldable and supersensitive polymer cover windows is still challenging.

Multiple intestinal hemangioma concurrent with low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm presenting as intussusception-a case report and literature review.

Background: Cases with intussusception caused by either intestinal hemangiomas or appendiceal mucinous neoplasms are extremely rare.

Case Presentation: In this study, we reported a 47-year-old male presented with paroxysmal abdominal pain and postprandial bloating for 3 days. CT results indicated a high possibility of secondary intussusception in ascending colon.

Highly Soluble and Stable, High Release Rate Nanocellulose Codrug Delivery System of Curcumin and AuNPs for Dual Chemo-Photothermal Therapy.

As a natural antitumor drug, curcumin (CUR) has received increasing attention from researchers and patients due to its various medicinal properties. However, currently CUR is still restricted due to its low and stand-alone therapeutic effects that seriously limit its clinical application. Here, by using cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as a nanocarrier to load CUR and AuNPs simultaneously, we developed a hybrid nanoparticle as a codrug delivery system to enhance the low and stand-alone therapeutic effects of CUR.

Longitudinal treatment responsiveness on plasma neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein levels in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

Background: Neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrilliary acidic protein (GFAP) have been suggested to be biomarkers of the pathophysiological process of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), but the relationship between the plasma levels of these molecules with disease activity and treatment is incompletely understood.

Objective: To investigate the treatment effects of disease-modifying drugs on plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) and plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (pGFAP) and explore the predictive value of pNfL and pGFAP in the activity of NMOSD.

Methods: pNfL and pGFAP levels were measured using single-molecule arrays in 72 patients with NMOSD and 38 healthy controls (HCs).

Early Initiation of Tocilizumab Treatment Against Moderate-to-Severe Myelitis in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

Background: Interleukin-6 receptor blockade is effective in reducing the risk of relapses in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). However, its efficacy during acute attacks of NMOSD remains elusive.

Objective: We investigated the effects of tocilizumab on disability during acute attacks, as well as its maintenance, in patients with moderate-to-severe myelitis.

Flexible, transparent and tough silver nanowire/nanocellulose electrodes for flexible touch screen panels.

Flexible touch screen panel (f-TSP) has been emerging recently and metallic nanowire transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) are its key components. However, most metallic nanowire (MNW) TCEs suffer from weak bonding strength between metal nanowire electrode layers and polymer substrates, which causes delamination of TCEs and produces serious declines in durability of f-TSPs. Here, we introduce AgS bonding and develop tough and strong electrode-substrate bonded MNW TCEs, which can enhance durability of f-TSPs significantly.

B-Cell Compartmental Features and Molecular Basis for Therapy in Autoimmune Disease.

Background And Objectives: To assess the molecular landscape of B-cell subpopulations across different compartments in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).

Methods: We performed B-cell transcriptomic profiles via single-cell RNA sequencing across CSF, blood, and bone marrow in patients with NMOSD.

Results: Across the tissue types tested, 4 major subpopulations of B cells with distinct signatures were identified: naive B cells, memory B cells, age-associated B cells, and antibody-secreting cells (ASCs).

Effects of Tocilizumab Therapy on Circulating B Cells and T Helper Cells in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

Tocilizumab, a humanized anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, showed its therapeutic efficacy on neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). To assess the immunological effects of this drug on B cells, follicular T helper (Tfh) cells, and peripheral T helper (Tph) cells in patients with NMOSD, peripheral B cell and Tfh cell phenotypes were evaluated in 26 patients with NMOSD before and after tocilizumab treatment by nine-color flow cytometry, as well as the expression of costimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules on B cells. Results showed that the frequency of CD27IgD switched memory B cells, CD27IgD double-negative B cells, and CD27CD38 antibody-secreting cells was increased in patients with NMOSD.

Optical Coherence Tomography Reveals Longitudinal Changes in Retinal Damage Under Different Treatments for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

Progressive retinal neuroaxonal damage after acute optic neuritis may occur in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). However, it is unclear if treatments used to prevent attacks influence neurodegeneration. We aimed to investigate retinal damage in patients treated with disease-modifying drugs in a longitudinal study.