The influence of photosynthetic pigment chlorophyllin in light-driven LPMO system on the hydrolytic action of cellulases.

It has been demonstrated that LPMO reactions can be driven by light, using the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyllin to achieve efficient oxidative degradation of cellulose. However, the effect of chlorophyllin on cellulases remains unclear. This study discovered that chlorophyllin does not affect the hydrolytic activity of cellulases under dark conditions.

Efficient production of High-Purity manno-oligosaccharides from guar gum by citric acid and enzymatic hydrolysis.

Currently, the production of manno-oligosaccharides (MOS) from guar gum faces challenges of low oligosaccharide enzymatic hydrolysis yield and complicated steps in separation and purification. In this work, a potential strategy to address these issues was explored. By combining citric acid pretreatment (300 mM, 130 °C, 1 h) with β-mannanase hydrolysis, an impressive MOS yield of 61.

Comparison of Alkaline Sulfite Pretreatment and Acid Sulfite Pretreatment with Low Chemical Loading in Saccharification of Poplar.

Sulfite pretreatment is a productive process for lignin dissolution in lignocelluloses and to reduce the hydrophobicity of lignin by sulfonation, thus promoting the hydrolyzability of the substrate. Previously, sulfite pretreatment needs high dosages of chemicals and thus results in the high cost of the pretreatment and the great pressure of environmental pollution. To overcome these problems, it was crucial to research whether alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ALS) and acid sulfite pretreatment (ACS) with low chemical loading could enhance the saccharification of poplar.

Improving cellulases hydrolytic action: An expanded role for electron donors of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases in cellulose saccharification.

Ascorbic acid (AscA) and gallic acid (GalA) are common electron donors and their boosting effect on lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) has been studied extensively. However, their influence on cellulase hydrolytic action has been ignored. In this work, the effect of AscA and GalA on cellulases hydrolytic action was evaluated.

Insight into the role of α-arabinofuranosidase in biomass hydrolysis: cellulose digestibility and inhibition by xylooligomers.

Background: α-l-Arabinofuranosidase (ARA), a debranching enzyme that can remove arabinose substituents from arabinoxylan and arabinoxylooligomers (AXOS), promotes the hydrolysis of the arabinoxylan fraction of biomass; however, the impact of ARA on the overall digestibility of cellulose is controversial. In this study, we investigated the effects of the addition of ARA on cellulase hydrolytic action.

Results: We found that approximately 15% of the xylan was converted into AXOS during the hydrolysis of aqueous ammonia-pretreated corn stover and that this AXOS fraction was approximately 12% substituted with arabinose.

Simplified sodium chlorite pretreatment for carbohydrates retention and efficient enzymatic saccharification of silvergrass.

In this work, a simplified and cost-effective chlorite pretreatment method to improve the hydrolysabiliy of biomass was developed. Compared to common used sodium chlorite-acetic acid (SCA) pretreatment (18.1%), sodium chlorite (SC) pretreatment resulted in less xylan loss (7.

Influence of size reduction treatments on sugar recovery from Norway spruce for butanol production.

This study investigated whether the effectiveness of pretreatment is limited by a size reduction of Norway spruce wood in biobutanol production. The spruce was milled, chipped, and mashed for hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid (HPAC) and dilute acid (DA) pretreatment. Sugar recoveries from chipped and mashed spruce after enzymatic hydrolysis were higher than from milled spruce, and the recoveries were not correlated with the spruce fiber length.

Rapid determination of chemical composition and classification of bamboo fractions using visible-near infrared spectroscopy coupled with multivariate data analysis.

Background: During conversion of bamboo into biofuels and chemicals, it is necessary to efficiently predict the chemical composition and digestibility of biomass. However, traditional methods for determination of lignocellulosic biomass composition are expensive and time consuming. In this work, a novel and fast method for quantitative and qualitative analysis of chemical composition and enzymatic digestibilities of juvenile bamboo and mature bamboo fractions (bamboo green, bamboo timber, bamboo yellow, bamboo node, and bamboo branch) using visible-near infrared spectra was evaluated.

Structural properties and hydrolysabilities of Chinese Pennisetum and Hybrid Pennisetum: Effect of aqueous ammonia pretreatment.

The effects of aqueous ammonia pretreatment on structural properties and hydrolysabilities of Chinese Pennisetum and Hybrid Pennisetum were investigated. Aqueous ammonia pretreatment increased cellulose crystallinities and hydrolysabilities of Chinese Pennisetum and Hybrid Pennisetum. Compared with Chinese Pennisetum, Hybrid Pennisetum showed better enzymatic digestibility.

Comparison of aqueous ammonia and dilute acid pretreatment of bamboo fractions: Structure properties and enzymatic hydrolysis.

The effect of two pretreatments methods, aqueous ammonia (SAA) and dilute acid (DA), on the chemical compositions, cellulose crystallinity, morphologic change, and enzymatic hydrolysis of bamboo fractions (bamboo yellow, timber, green, and knot) was compared. Bamboo fractions with SAA pretreatment had better hydrolysability than those with DA pretreatment. High crystallinity index resulted in low hydrolysis yield in the conversion of SAA pretreated bamboo fractions, not DA pretreated fractions.

Competitive inhibition of cellobiohydrolase I by manno-oligosaccharides.

In the hydrolysis of softwood, significant amounts of manno-oligosaccharides (MOS) are released from mannan, the major hemicelluloses in softwood. However, the impact of MOS on the performance of cellulases is not yet clear. In this work, the effect of mannan and MOS in cellulose hydrolysis by cellulases, especially cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) from Thermoascus aurantiacus (Ta Cel7A), was studied.

Evaluation of aqueous ammonia pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis of different fractions of bamboo shoot and mature bamboo.

The production of fermentable sugars from different fractions of bamboo shoots and mature bamboos (Phyllostachys heterocycla var. pubescens) by cellulase and/or xylanase was investigated. Aqueous ammonia pretreatment exhibited high but different delignification capacities for different bamboo fractions.

Behavior of cellulose and xylan in aqueous ammonia pretreatment.

The effect of aqueous ammonia on the solubilization of cellulose and xylans was investigated by detecting the amounts of reducing sugars and monosaccharides in the treatment liquors. The degree of cellulose and xylan solubilization increased with the increase of treatment temperature. When the treatment temperature increased from 20 to 90 °C, the amounts of reducing sugars released from Avicel and cellulose fiber by 21 % ammonia at a solid to liquid ratio of 1:10 for 24 h increased from 1.

Enhanced xylanase performance in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials by surfactants and non-catalytic protein.

Addition of additives has been confirmed to increase cellulase performance in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. In the hydrolysis of xylan-containing lignocellulosic biomass, xylanase can synergistically enhance the performance of cellulase. However, the role of additives in xylan hydrolysis by xylanase is not yet clear.

Hydrolyzabilities of different corn stover fractions after aqueous ammonia pretreatment.

The effect of aqueous ammonia pretreatment on the hydrolysis of different corn stover fractions (rind, husk, leaf, and pith) by xylanase (XYL) with cellulases (CELs) was evaluated. The aqueous ammonia pretreatment had excellent delignification ability (above 66%) for different corn stover fractions. The corn rind exhibited the lowest susceptibility to aqueous ammonia pretreatment.