A New Quinazolinone Alkaloid along with Known Compounds with Seed-Germination-Promoting Activity from Endophytic Fungus sp. HJT-A-6.

A new quinazolinone alkaloid named peniquinazolinone A (), as well as eleven known compounds, 2-(2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionamido)--methylbenzamide (), viridicatin (), viridicatol (), (±)-cyclopeptin (/), dehydrocyclopeptin (), cyclopenin (), cyclopenol (), methyl-indole-3-carboxylate (), 2,5-dihydroxyphenyl acetate (), methyl -hydroxyphenylacetate (), and conidiogenone B (), were isolated from the endophytic sp. HJT-A-6. The chemical structures of all the compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS.

Anti-BPH lignans from subsp. (Hand.-Mazz.) C.J.Chen.

A new lignan named (-)-ginkgool-9---glucopyranoside () together with eight known lignans (-) were isolated from subsp. (Hand.-Mazz.

Mass Spectrometry-Guided Discovery of Multi--Methylated Cyclodecapeptides Auyuittuqamides E-H from sp. QL0466.

Mass spectrometry-based dereplication and prioritization led to the discovery of four multi--methylated cyclodecapeptides, auyuittuqamides E-H (-), from a soil-derived sp. The planar structures of these compounds were elucidated based on analysis of HRESIMS and NMR data. Absolute configurations of the chiral amino acid residues were assigned by a combination of the advanced Marfey's method, chiral-phase LC-MS analysis, and -based configuration analysis, revealing that - contain both d- and l-isomers of -methylleucine (MeLeu).

Halovirs I-K, antibacterial and cytotoxic lipopeptaibols from the plant pathogenic fungus Paramyrothecium roridum NRRL 2183.

Three new lipopeptaibols, halovirs I-K (1-3), were isolated from the solid culture of the phytopathogenic fungus Paramyrothecium roridum NRRL 2183. Their planar structures, which consist of a hexapeptide backbone and acyl substitutions at the N- and C-termini, were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of the 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data along with the detailed interpretation of the MS/MS fragmentation pattern. Absolute configurations of the amino acid/1,2-amino alcohol residues were determined using the advanced Marfey's method.

The regulation of BbLaeA on the production of beauvericin and bassiatin in Beauveria bassiana.

Beauvericin and bassiatin are two valuable compounds with various bioactivities biosynthesized by the supposedly same nonribosomal peptide synthetase BbBEAS in entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. To evaluate the regulatory effect of global regulator LaeA on their production, we constructed BbLaeA gene deletion and overexpression mutants, respectively. Deletion of BbLaeA resulted in a decrease of the beauvericin titer, while overexpression of BbLaeA increased its production by 1-2.

Combinatorial Biosynthesis of Sulfated Benzenediol Lactones with a Phenolic Sulfotransferase from Fusarium graminearum PH-1.

Total biosynthesis or whole-cell biocatalytic production of sulfated small molecules relies on the discovery and implementation of appropriate sulfotransferase enzymes. Although fungi are prominent biocatalysts and have been used to sulfate drug-like phenolics, no gene encoding a sulfotransferase enzyme has been functionally characterized from these organisms. Here, we identify a phenolic sulfotransferase, FgSULT1, by genome mining from the plant-pathogenic fungus PH-1.

Strepimidazoles A-G from the Plant Endophytic sp. PKU-EA00015 with Inhibitory Activities against a Plant Pathogenic Fungus.

Seven new 4-acyl-2-aminoimidazoles, designated strepimidazoles A-G (-), were discovered from the endophytic sp. PKU-EA00015 isolated from Bunge, whose dry root "Danshen" is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese medicines. The resonance signals of the 2-aminoimidazole moiety in - were absent in the NMR spectra due to tautomerization, and the structures of - were identified after preparation of their acetylation products -, respectively.

Deficiency of PDK1 in osteoclasts delays fracture healing and repair.

Bone fractures are common traumatic injuries of the musculoskeletal system. However, delayed union and non‑union fractures are a major clinical problem that present significant socioeconomic burden to patients and the public health sector. The bone‑resorbing osteoclasts and bone‑forming osteoblasts serve important roles in the fracture repair/healing process.

PDK1 is important lipid kinase for RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and function via the regulation of the Akt-GSK3β-NFATc1 signaling cascade.

Perturbations in the balanced process of osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption leading to excessive osteoclast formation and/or activity is the cause of many pathological bone conditions such as osteoporosis. The osteoclast is the only cell in the body capable of resorbing and degrading the mineralized bone matrix. Osteoclast formation from monocytic precursors is governed by the actions of two key cytokines macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL).