Myelin is essential in the nervous system of mammals. As the location and degree of myelin loss can reflect varied pathophysiological status, noninvasive measurement of myelin is of high importance. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique of myelin water fraction (MWF) derived from multi-echo gradient echo (MGRE) sequence is a promising tool for the quantification of myelin content due to the low specific absorption rate (SAR) compared with the spin-echo sequence, time efficiency, and wide availability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study proposed a robust lane-keeping algorithm designed for snowy road conditions, utilizing a snow tire track detection model based on machine learning. The proposed algorithm is structured into two primary modules: a snow tire track detector and a lane center estimator. The snow tire track detector utilizes YOLOv5, trained on custom datasets generated from public videos captured on snowy roads.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHelicobacter pylori (HP) causes gastritis and peptic ulcer. Therefore, we examined whether probiotics Lactococcus lactis P135 and Bifidobacterium longum P142, which inhibited HP growth by 37.9% and 35.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTissue factor (TF) initiates local blood clotting and infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages, leading to tumor recurrence post-local ablation. Our study addressed inefficient cancer cell killing and immunosuppressive macrophage infiltration after percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated the feasibility of F-radiolabeled polypeptide TF-targeted radioligand (tTF) as a PET tracer for assessing tumor response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe section includes xerophilic fungi that are economically significant and broadly distributed in natural settings as well as human habitats and are recognized for their sustenance on substrates with low water activity. Accurate identification of fungal species is essential for any reliable advances in mycological research. In this study, 108 strains from the section , originating from Korea and conserved at the Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, were subjected to re-identification using a combined dataset that included partial sequences of β-tubulin (), Calmodulin (), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit () genes, along with their morphological characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF, a commensal, lipophilic, anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium, is well known for its potential to cause infections, particularly in the field of orthopedics, notably in the shoulder. However, its indolent strain nature presents challenges in the diagnosis of the bacterium using clinical, laboratory, and culture-based methods. There are controversies surrounding its actual threat as an infection-causing agent, leading to an incomplete consensus on treatment strategies after the infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolyhexamethyleneguanidine phosphate (PHMG), a widely used antimicrobial agent, has been implicated in humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injuries (HDLI). PHMG exposure suppressed interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) activation and interferon-β (IFN-β) expression induced by a cGAS agonist or a STING agonist in human monocytic cells (THP-1), which are known to transition to alveolar macrophages during pulmonary fibrosis development. However, the mechanisms underlying PHMG-induced pulmonary toxicity in lung remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHerein, a novel glycidyl carbamate functional epoxy resin (GCE) is synthesized by the additional reaction of the isocyanate group of tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) with the hydroxyl group of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) and glycidol. The successful synthesis of the GCE is confirmed by FT-IR and H NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, a dual-curing adhesive system is developed using acrylic acid and trimethylolpropane triacrylate with varying GCE contents, and its adhesive performance is assessed by testing adhesive strength, pencil hardness, and surface energy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Although the proportion of male nurses in the nursing profession has risen in recent years, their turnover rate remains higher than their female counterparts. Male nurses tend to report lower levels of job satisfaction. However, there has been a dearth of research examining the relation among perceptions of work environment, social support, and job satisfaction in male nurses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), caused by environmental factors associated with the host's genetic traits, is represented by Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Despite the increasing number of patients with IBD, the current treatment is limited to symptomatic therapy. A complex IBD model mimicking the human IBD etiology is required to overcome this limitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTopical corticosteroids manage inflammatory skin conditions via their action on the immune system. An effect of application of corticosteroids to the skin is skin blanching caused by peripheral vasoconstriction. This has been used to characterize, in some cases relative potency and also as a way to compare skin penetration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), attributed to the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has posed global health challenges since it first emerged in 2019, and its impact continues to persist. The neurotropic nature of SARS-CoV-2 remains undisclosed, though researchers are proposing hypotheses on how the virus is transmitted to the central nervous system. One of the prevailing hypotheses is that SARS-CoV-2 travels through the olfactory nerve system via the olfactory epithelium (OE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant respiratory disorder in humans characterized by persistent airway constriction or obstruction due to chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema. Various methods of inducing COPD in mouse models are frequently used in COPD research; however, these cannot completely reproduce histopathologic lesions. This study aimed to establish a new COPD mouse model that reproduces histopathological lesions closely resembling clinical COPD within a shorter induction time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsomnia (sleeplessness) is a potential symptom of stress-induced depression/anxiety (DA), which induces TNF-α expression. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of () P72, isolated as a strain suppressing lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of TNF-α in Caco2 cells, on DA and insomnia in immobilization stress (IS)- or cultured fecal microbiota (cFM)-treated mice. Oral administration of live or heat-killed P72 (hP72) reduced IS- or cFM-induced DA-like behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIrradiation of the head and neck inevitably leads to decreased salivary gland function. It is postulated that radiation generates excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduces salivary gland function by ferroptosis, a new cell death mechanism; however, research in this area is currently lacking. In this study, we investigated the effects of amifostine and melatonin on acute salivary gland dysfunction and ferroptosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The microbiota is a potential source of biomarkers for clinical outcomes in chronic respiratory conditions, but its role in Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease (PD) remains unexplored. We aimed to identify microbial signatures in fecal and sputum microbiotas associated with treatment response in patients with M. abscessus PD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntestinal lymph nodes are involved in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Tumours suppress the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) in draining lymph nodes, diminishing anti-cancer immune response. Imiquimod (IMQ) facilitates DCs activation via toll-like receptor 7, suggesting that targeted delivery of IMQ to intestinal lymph nodes can improve the treatment of CRC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study investigates the synergistic effect of combining the TLR7 agonist Imiquimod with either the Nod2 agonist (muramyl dipeptide; MDP) or commensal bacteria as nasal vaccine adjuvants to enhance immunity against respiratory viruses.
Methods: Mice assessed immune responses, including antibody and cytokine profiles, after intranasal immunization with antigen and adjuvant combinations. BMDCs were cultured with these components to measure cytokine production.
Statement Of Problem: The effects of nonaxial forces on peri-implant bone loss have been investigated, mostly in reference to buccal mesiodistal implant angulations as potential risk indicators. However, when implant angulations are multidirectional, including the buccolingual aspect, evaluations of peri-implant bone loss based solely on mesiodistal measurements may skew the correlation.
Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the correlation between the magnitudes of multidirectional implant angulations and peri-implant crestal bone loss.