Non-negligible prevalence of focal lymphocytic sialadenitis in minor salivary glands of non-Sjögren's disease individuals.

Objectives: Focal lymphocytic sialadenitis (FLS) in minor salivary gland biopsy (MSGB) has long been regarded as a histologic hallmark of Sjögren's disease (SjD), but it can also occur in non-SjD individuals. This study aimed to define the prevalence of FLS in labial minor salivary glands of non-SjD individuals via both an autopsy study and a meta-analysis.

Methods: A total of 214 genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) volunteers was included in the autopsy study, and FLS in labial minor salivary gland was evaluated.

Bio-inspired anti-swelling amyloid-fiber lysozyme adhesive for rapid wound closure and hemostasis.

Instant adhesion to wet biological surfaces and reduced swelling of tissue adhesives are crucial for rapid wound closure and hemostasis. However, previous strategies to reduce swelling were always accompanied by a decrease in the tissue bonding strength of the adhesive. Moreover, the irreducibility of the covalent bonds in currently reported adhesives results in the adhesives losing their tissue adhesive ability.

Multiscale Modeling of Nanoparticle Precipitation in Oxide Dispersion-Strengthened Steels Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion.

Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) enables the efficient production of near-net-shape oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloys, which possess superior mechanical properties due to oxide nanoparticles (e.g., yttrium oxide, Y-O, and yttrium-titanium oxide, Y-Ti-O) embedded in the alloy matrix.

Non-Equal Contributions of Different Elements and Atomic Bonds to the Strength and Deformability of a Multicomponent Metallic Glass ZrCuAl.

Multicomponent metallic glasses (MGs) are a fascinating class of advanced alloys known for their exceptional properties such as limit-approaching strength, high hardness and corrosion resistance, and near-net-shape castability. One important question regarding these materials that remains unanswered is how the different elements and atomic bonds within them control their strength and deformability. Here, we present a detailed visual and statistical analysis of the behaviors of various elements and atomic bonds in the ZrCuAl (at%) MG during a uniaxial tensile test (in the z-direction) simulated using molecular dynamics.

Type I Interferonopathy among Non-Elderly Female Patients with Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19.

The pathophysiological mechanisms of the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) remain unclear. Sex differences not only exist in the disease severity of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection but also in the risk of suffering from PASC. Women have a higher risk of suffering from PASC and a longer time to resolution than men.

Chitinase‑3 like‑protein‑1: A potential predictor of cardiovascular disease (Review).

Chitinase‑3 like‑protein‑1 (CHI3L1), a glycoprotein belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 18, binds to chitin; however, this protein lacks chitinase activity. Although CHI3L1 is not an enzyme capable of degrading chitin, it plays significant roles in abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, indicating its involvement in metabolic disorders. In addition, CHI3L1 is considered a key player in inflammatory diseases, with clinical data suggesting its potential as a predictor of cardiovascular disease.

Nanocomposite hyaluronic acid adhesive hydrogel with controllable drug release for bone regeneration.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels have arisen as candidate materials to simulate the extracellular matrix and restore the functions of both cartilage and hard bones. However, integration of bone tissue adhesion and long-term osteogenic properties in one hydrogel is often ignored. Herein, a strategy to construct nanocomposite hydrogel with host tissue adhesive properties, enhanced mechanical strength, improved stability and osteogenic effects was developed.

Deformation-Induced Crystal Growth or Redissolution, and Crystal-Induced Strengthening or Ductilization in Metallic Glasses Containing Nanocrystals.

It is generally known that the incorporation of crystals in the glass matrix can enhance the ductility of metallic glasses (MGs), at the expense of reduced strength, and that the deformation of MGs, particularly during shear banding, can induce crystal formation/growth. Here, we show that these known trends for the interplay between crystals and deformation of MGs may hold true or become depending on the size of the crystals relative to the shear bands. We performed molecular dynamics simulations of tensile tests on nanocrystal-bearing MGs.

Bionic double-crosslinked hydrogel of poly (γ-glutamic acid)/poly (N-(2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide) with ultrafast gelling process and ultrahigh burst pressure for emergency rescue.

Injectable adhesive hydrogels combining rapid gelling with robust adhesion to wet tissues are highly required for fast hemostasis in surgical and major trauma scenarios. Inspired by the cross-linking mechanism of mussel adhesion proteins, we developed a bionic double-crosslinked (BDC) hydrogel of poly (γ-glutamic acid) (PGA)/poly (N-(2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide) (PHEA) fabricated through a combination of photo-initiated radical polymerization and hydrogen bonding cross-linking. The BDC hydrogel exhibited an ultrafast gelling process within 1 s.

Emerging role of gut microbiota in autoimmune diseases.

Accumulating studies have indicated that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the onset of autoimmune diseases by engaging in complex interactions with the host. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literatures concerning the relationship between the gut microbiota and autoimmune diseases, shedding light on the complex interplay between the gut microbiota, the host and the immune system. Furthermore, we aim to summarize the impacts and potential mechanisms that underlie the interactions between the gut microbiota and the host in autoimmune diseases, primarily focusing on systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, type 1 diabetes mellitus, ulcerative colitis and psoriasis.

CD300e: Emerging role and mechanism as an immune-activating receptor.

As a transmembrane protein, CD300e is primarily expressed in myeloid cells. It belongs to the CD300 glycoprotein family, functioning as an immune-activating receptor. Dysfunction of CD300e has been suggested in many diseases, such as infections, immune disorders, obesity, and diabetes, signifying its potential as a key biomarker for disease diagnosis and treatment.

S100 protein family: Emerging role and mechanism in digestive tract cancer (Review).

Digestive tract cancer is one of the most common types of cancers globally, with ~4.8 million new cases and 3.4 million cancer‑associated deaths in 2018, accounting for 26% of cancer incidence and 35% of cancer‑related deaths worldwide.

Atomic Diffusivities of Yttrium, Titanium and Oxygen Calculated by Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics in Molten 316L Oxide-Dispersion-Strengthened Steel Fabricated via Additive Manufacturing.

Oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) steels have long been viewed as a prime solution for harsh environments. However, conventional manufacturing of ODS steels limits the final product geometry, is difficult to scale up to large components, and is expensive due to multiple highly involved, solid-state processing steps required. Additive manufacturing (AM) can directly incorporate dispersion elements (e.

Biomimetic, self-coacervating adhesive with tough underwater adhesion for ultrafast hemostasis and infected wound healing.

Massive bleeding and wound infection due to severe traumas pose a huge threat to the life and health of sufferers; therefore, it is of clinical importance to fabricate adhesives with rapid hemostatic and superior antibacterial capabilities. However, the weak wet adhesion and insufficient function of existing bioadhesives limits their practical application. In this study, a sandcastle worm protein inspired polyelectrolyte self-coacervate adhesive of poly-γ-glutamic acid (PGA) and lysozyme (LZM) was developed.

circRNA_17725 Promotes Macrophage Polarization towards M2 by Targeting FAM46C to Alleviate Arthritis.

Accumulating studies have implicated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play vital roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Dysregulation of macrophage polarization leads to immune homeostatic imbalance in RA. However, the altering effects and mechanisms of circRNAs on macrophages polarization and immune homeostatic balance remain largely unclear.

LncRNAs ENST00000499459 and TCONS_00004989 enhance asthma progression in children with house dust mite-induced allergic asthma.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been extensively reported to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of various disease, especially in cancer. However, little is known about the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of pediatric allergic asthma.

Methods: High-throughput sequencing analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 3 children with allergic asthma and 3 matched healthy controls.

Updated insight into the role of Th2-associated immunity in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with multiple organs involvement, abundant autoantibodies, complement activation, and immune complexes depositions. By regulating inflammation and immune homeostasis, cytokines have been well documented to participate in the pathogenesis of SLE. A number of studies have shown that T helper 2 (Th2)-associated immunity plays an important role in autoimmune diseases, including SLE.

The Specific microRNA Profile and Functional Networks for Children with Allergic Asthma.

Background: Allergic asthma is the most common type of asthma and often occurs in early life with increasing comorbidities, including atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of numerous immune and inflammatory disorders, particularly allergic inflammation. The specific miRNA profiles of children with allergic asthma have not been fully delineated and still require in-depth study.