Chronic Sleep Deprivation Causes Anxiety, Depression and Impaired Gut Barrier in Female Mice-Correlation Analysis from Fecal Microbiome and Metabolome.

Background: Chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) plays an important role in mood disorders. However, the changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites associated with CSD-induced anxiety/depression-like behavior in female mice have not been determined. Due to the influence of endogenous hormone levels, females are more susceptible than males to negative emotions caused by sleep deprivation.

Exploring Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Mechanical Asphyxia in the Heart Based on Proteomics Technology.

Mechanical asphyxia presents a challenging diagnostic issue in forensic medicine due to its often covert nature, and the signs visible during an autopsy are usually not specific. Despite some progress in understanding hypoxia's effects, traditional methods' inherent limitations might overlook new biomarkers in mechanical asphyxia. This study employed 4D-DIA proteomics to explore the protein expression profiles of cardiac samples under conditions of mechanical asphyxia.

The neuroprotective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester against methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity.

Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly abused substance on a global scale and has the capacity to elicit toxicity within the central nervous system. The neurotoxicity induced by METH encompasses neuronal degeneration and cellular demise within the substantia nigra-striatum and hippocampus. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a constituent of propolis, is a diminutive compound that demonstrates antioxidative and anti-inflammatory characteristics.

Lycium barbarum polysaccharide mitigated methamphetamine addiction and altered methamphetamine-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis.

Methamphetamine (MA) is a highly addictive mental stimulant, and MA abuse remains a significant public health problem worldwide, while effective treatment options are limited. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), a major effective component extracted from Lycium barbarum, has potential health-promoting effects on the nervous system; however, its role in MA dependence remains unclear. In this study, the conditioned place preference (CPP) of MA addiction in adult male mice was established to detect changes in gut microbiota profiles after LBP treatment through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Sudden death with cardiac involvement in a neonate with carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency.

A female neonate born with normal Apgar scores at 38+2 weeks of gestational age unexpectedly passed away within less than 30 hours after birth. The situation mirrored her brother's earlier demise within 24 hours post-delivery, suggesting a possible genetic disorder. Gross examination revealed widespread cyanosis and distinct yellowish changes on the cardiac ventricles.

Pathological Changes and Cause of Death Associated with the Global Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19).

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global epidemic for more than three years, causing more than 6.9 million deaths. COVID-19 has the clinical characteristics of strong infectivity and long incubation period, and can cause multi-system damage, mainly lung damage, clinical symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and systemic multiple organ damage.

Metabonomics Analysis of Brain Stem Tissue in Rats with Primary Brain Stem Injury Caused Death.

Objectives: To explore the potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of primary brain stem injury (PBSI) by using metabonomics method to observe the changes of metabolites in rats with PBSI caused death.

Methods: PBSI, non-brain stem brain injury and decapitation rat models were established, and metabolic maps of brain stem were obtained by LC-MS metabonomics method and annotated to the HMDB database. Partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and random forest methods were used to screen potential biomarkers associated with PBSI diagnosis.

Proteomic analysis discovers potential biomarkers of early traumatic axonal injury in the brainstem.

Objective: Application of Tandem Mass Tags (TMT)-based LC-MS/MS analysis to screen for differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in traumatic axonal injury (TAI) of the brainstem and to predict potential biomarkers and key molecular mechanisms of brainstem TAI.

Methods: A modified impact acceleration injury model was used to establish a brainstem TAI model in Sprague-Dawley rats, and the model was evaluated in terms of both functional changes (vital sign measurements) andstructural changes (HE staining, silver-plating staining and β-APP immunohistochemical staining). TMT combined with LC-MS/MS was used to analyse the DEPs in brainstem tissues from TAI and Sham groups.

Polystyrene micro- and nanoparticles exposure induced anxiety-like behaviors, gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolism disorder in adult mice.

Plastics have been proven to be a potential threat to the ecosystem, and their toxicity mechanism is still uncertain. In the ecological environment, plastics can be degraded into microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs), which can be contaminated and ingested through the food chain. MPs and NPs are associated with severe intestinal injury, intestinal microbiota disorder, and neurotoxicity, but it is still unclear whether MPs- and NPs-induced intestinal microbiota dysbiosis will affect the brain through the gut-brain axis.

Rare, fatal pulmonary fat embolism after acupuncture therapy: A case report and literature review.

Background: Death from nontraumatic pulmonary fat embolism associated with minor soft tissue contusion, surgery, cancer chemotherapy, hematologic disorders and so on has been reported. Patients often present with atypical manifestations and rapid deterioration, making diagnosis and treatment difficult. However, there are no reported cases of death from pulmonary fat embolism after acupuncture therapy.

The Role of Non-coding RNAs in Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity.

Methamphetamine (METH) is an amphetamine-type stimulant that is highly toxic to the central nervous system (CNS). Repeated intake of METH can lead to addiction, which has become a globalized problem, resulting in multiple public health and safety problems. Recently, the non-coding RNA (ncRNA) has been certified to play an essential role in METH addiction through various mechanisms.

Recent Progress in Biosensors for Detection of Tumor Biomarkers.

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, with an increasing mortality rate over the past years. The early detection of cancer contributes to early diagnosis and subsequent treatment. How to detect early cancer has become one of the hot research directions of cancer.

Traumatic axonal injury: neuropathological features, postmortem diagnostic methods, and strategies.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has high morbidity and poor prognosis and imposes a serious socioeconomic burden. Traumatic axonal injury (TAI), which is one of the common pathological changes in the primary injury of TBI, is often caused by the external force to the head that causes the white matter bundles to generate shear stress and tension; resulting in tissue damage and leading to the cytoskeletal disorder. At present, the forensic pathological diagnosis of TAI-caused death is still a difficult problem.

Polyvinyl chloride microplastics induced gut barrier dysfunction, microbiota dysbiosis and metabolism disorder in adult mice.

Microplastics (MPs) are a new kind of environmental pollutant that has attracted extensive attention in recent years. MPs can be ingested by multiple organisms and mainly accumulate in the intestine. However, there is still little known about the toxic effects of MPs on humans.

Chronic exposure to polyvinyl chloride microplastics induces liver injury and gut microbiota dysbiosis based on the integration of liver transcriptome profiles and full-length 16S rRNA sequencing data.

Microplastics (MPs) have become harmful environmental pollutants, and their potential toxicity to organisms has attracted extensive attention. However, the effects of polyvinyl chloride MPs (PVC-MPs) on the liver and their associated mechanism in mice remain obscure. Here, male mice were exposed to 2-μm PVC-MPs (0.

Transcriptomic Changes of Astrocytes in the Brain of Rats with Subacute METH Exposure.

Objectives: To study the transcriptomic changes of astrocytes in the brain of rats exposed to methamphetamine (METH) and its possible mechanism in neurotoxicity.

Methods: The rats were intraperitoneally injected with METH (15 mg/kg) every 12 h for 8 times in total to establish the subacute rat model of METH. After the model was successfully established, the striatum was extracted, and astrocytes were separated by the magnetic bead method.

Might life-threatening acute pulmonary edema occur after using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator? A case report.

Background: Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-pa) is the first-line drug for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, and can lead to some complications.There were rare reports of death due to acute pulmonary edema during rt-pa thrombolysis treatment.

Case Presentation: This study reports a 30-year-old man was diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke and underwent rt-pa thrombolytic therapy.

Methamphetamine mediates apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells via the chop-related endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.

Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive amphetamine-type drug that has caused persistent harm to society and human health in recent years. Most studies have shown that METH severely damages the central nervous system, and this drug has been found to be toxic to the cardiovascular system in recent years. Therefore, we hypothesized that METH may also damage vascular smooth muscle.

Methamphetamine exposure induces neuronal programmed necrosis by activating the receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 -related signalling pathway.

Methamphetamine (METH) is a synthetic drug with severe neurotoxicity, however, the regulation of METH-induced neuronal programmed necrosis remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify the molecular mechanisms of METH-induced neuronal programmed necrosis. We found that neuronal programmed necrosis occurred in the striatum of brain samples from human and mice that were exposed to METH.

Fatal poisoning by accidental ingestion of the "heartbreak grass" (Gelsemium elegans) verified by toxicological and medico-legal analyses.

We present a case of fatal poisoning from accidental ingestion of Gelsemium elegans (G. elegans), a rarely toxic plant. A 41-year-old man was found dead, at his home, 6 h after drinking homemade herbal liqueur during lunch.

Rarely fatal bilateral re-expansion pulmonary edema after inserting a chest tube for unilateral spontaneous pneumothorax: a case report.

We describe a case of a 32-year-old man who died due to bilateral re-expansion pulmonary edema (RPE) following the insertion a chest tube for unilateral spontaneous pneumothorax. Fifteen minutes after inserting the chest tube, the patient with right spontaneous pneumothorax was diagnosed with right re-expansion edema by chest radiograph. Although multiple treatments were administered, the patient died.

High-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing assisting in the detection of bacterial pathogen candidates: a fatal case of necrotizing fasciitis in a child.

Postmortem detection of pathogens in infectious deaths is quite important for diagnosing the cause of death and public health. However, it is difficult to detect possible bacterial pathogens in forensic practice using conventional methods like bacterial culture, especially in cases with putrefaction and antibiotic treatment. We report a fatal case caused by necrotizing fasciitis due to bacterial infection.

Astrocyte-Derived Lipocalin-2 Is Involved in Mitochondrion-Related Neuronal Apoptosis Induced by Methamphetamine.

Methamphetamine (METH) is a widely abused and highly addictive psychoactive stimulant that can induce neuronal apoptosis. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a member of the lipocalin family, and its upregulation is involved in cell death in the adult brain. However, the role of LCN2 in METH-induced neurotoxicity has not been reported.

Role of C/EBP-β in Methamphetamine-Mediated Microglial Apoptosis.

Methamphetamine (MA) is a widely abused psychoactive drug that primarily damages the nervous system. However, the involvement of MA in the survival of microglia remains poorly understood. CCAAT-enhancer binding protein (C/EBP-β) is a transcription factor and an important regulator of cell apoptosis.

Role of CXCR1 and Interleukin-8 in Methamphetamine-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis.

Methamphetamine (METH), an extremely and widely abused illicit drug, can cause serious nervous system damage and social problems. Previous research has shown that METH use causes dopaminergic neuron apoptosis and astrocyte-related neuroinflammation. However, the relationship of astrocytes and neurons in METH-induced neurotoxicity remains unclear.