Frequency spectra analysis suggests outcomes in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Background And Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of dominant frequency (DF) and organised index (OI) in outcomes of pulmonary vein (PV) isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: OI and DF of electrograms in coronary vein (CS) during AF were obtained by frequency spectra analysis in 60 patients with paroxysmal AF who underwent PV isolation. Based on the results of 12 months follow up, 14 patients with recurrent AF were included in group 1 and 46 patients with sinus rhythm were included in group 2.

Direct electron transfer between hemoglobin and pyrolytic graphite electrodes enhanced by Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles in their layer-by-layer self-assembly films.

Alternate adsorption of negatively charged Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles from their pH 8.0 aqueous dispersions and positively charged hemoglobin (Hb) from its pH 5.5 buffers on solid substrates resulted in the assembly of {Fe(3)O(4)/Hb}(n) layer-by-layer films.

Electrochemical biosensors utilising electron transfer in heme proteins immobilised on Fe3O4 nanoparticles.

Fe3O4 nanoparticles cast on pyrolytic graphite (PG) electrodes were used to immobilize hemoglobin (Hb), myoglobin (Mb) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The Fe3O4 nanoparticles provided a favorable microenvironment for the proteins to directly transfer electrons with electrodes. The protein-Fe3O4 films were used to electrochemically catalyze the reduction of oxygen, trichloroacetic acid, nitrite and hydrogen peroxide, and showed a potential applicability in fabricating biosensors.