A systematic UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-based strategy for analysis of chemical constituents and related in vivo metabolites of Buyang Huanwu decoction.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD), a traditional Chinese medicine, is one of the classic prescriptions for the treatment of ischemic stroke in clinical practice. It has the effects of tonifying qi, activating blood circulation, and promoting meridian circulation. However, its chemical analysis has not been clarified, which greatly hinders its further clinical application.

Optical vortex switch based on multiplexed volume gratings with high diffraction efficiency.

Systems of controllable orbital angular momentum (OAM) require more compact, higher conversion efficiency and more tolerable wavelength or polarization. We introduce an optical vortex switch based on a multiplexed volume grating (MVG). The MVG recorded in a piece of photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass exhibits high diffraction efficiency (DE, also known as conversion efficiency in transporting), sensitive angular selectivity, and polarization-insensitivity.

Fabrication of high-precision reflective volume Bragg gratings.

Reflecting Bragg gratings (RBGs) recorded in photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glasses have been widely used in narrowing and stabilization of the laser emission spectrum. As the center wavelength of RBGs determines the final output wavelength of lasers, it is necessary to carefully control the center wavelength of RBGs during the fabrication process. In this paper, the fabrication process of high-precision RBGs was investigated.

Design and fabrication of multiplexed volume Bragg gratings as angle amplifiers in high power beam scanning system.

In this study, the realization of multiplexed volume Bragg gratings (VBGs) working as angle amplifiers in high power beam scanning system is theoretically and experimentally investigated. The design of the multiplexed VBG for the working wavelength of 1064 nm is described. We propose a cascaded multiplexed VBGs scheme that consists of 12 grating channels.

Method for precise evaluation of refractive index modulation amplitude inside the volume Bragg grating recorded in photo-thermo-refractive glass.

In this paper, we present a method for achieving precise evaluation of amplitude of refractive index modulation (RIM) inside the volume Bragg grating (VBG) recorded in photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glasses. The Gaussian divergence characteristics of the incident beam is theoretically considered when calculating the angular selectivity of VBG, and the profiles of experimental angular selectivity curves are utilized to determine the value of RIM with one step. The effectiveness of our proposed method is experimentally verified.

Optical-power tunable dual-wavelength laser around 1 μm in Nd/Yb co-doped phosphate glass fiber.

This work reports the generation of an optical-power tunable 1 μm dual-wavelength fiber laser in Nd/Yb co-doped phosphate glass fiber under 970 nm and 808 nm laser diode pumping. A bidirectional free-space pump laser setup was adopted. An optical-power tunable dual-wavelength laser can be easily realized by the control of 808 nm pump power magnitude.

5 W output power from a double-clad hybrid fiber with Yb-doped phosphate core and silicate cladding.

For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we report on the realization of a laser from a Yb-doped phosphate core/silicate cladding double-clad hybrid fiber. 5 W output power was extracted with 14.6% slope efficiency and a laser spectrum of a 1027 nm central wavelength from a 20 cm long single-mode fiber with a ∼10  μm core diameter in a 20%-4% laser cavity.

Influence of Stark splitting levels on the lasing performance of Yb(3+) in phosphate and fluorophosphate glasses.

Lasing properties have been investigated for Yb(3+) doped glasses with similar emission cross sections (σ(emi)) and lifetime while possessing different Stark levels. Narrow Stark splitting of Yb(3+)-phosphate glass is responsible for severe heat generation, narrow emission band and much smaller σ(emi) at lasing wavelength, making Yb(3+)-phosphate glass unsuccessful to achieve laser output, whereas 1.166W cw laser was obtained in Yb(3+)-fluorophosphate (FP) glass with broader Stark splitting.

Phosphate ytterbium-doped single-mode all-solid photonic crystal fiber with output power of 13.8 W.

Single-mode ytterbium-doped phosphate all-solid photonic crystal fiber (AS-PCF) with 13.8 W output power and 32% slope efficiency was reported. By altering the diameter of the rods around the doped core and thus breaking the symmetry of the fiber, a polarization-maintaining AS-PCF with degree of polarization of >85% was also achieved, for the first time to knowledge, in a phosphate PCF.

Yb/Er co-doped phosphate all-solid single-mode photonic crystal fiber.

An all-solid Yb(3+)/Er(3+) co-doped single-mode phosphate photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with Watt-level output power and 20 μm core diameter is demonstrated for the first time. A PCF whose refractivity of the active core is lower than that of the background glass is suggested and theoretically confirmed to be in single-mode operation at 40 μm core diameter.

Intense blue up-conversion luminescence in Tm3+/Yb3+ codoped oxyfluoride glass-ceramics containing beta-PbF2 nanocrystals.

Up-conversion luminescence properties of a Tm3+/Yb3+ codoped oxyfluoride glass-ceramics under 980 nm excitation are investigated. Intense blue emission centered at 476 nm, corresponding to 1G4-->3H6 transitions of Tm3+ was simultaneously observed in the transparent oxyfluoride glass ceramics at room temperature. The intensity of the blue up-conversion luminescence in a 1 mol% YbF3-containing glass-ceramic was found to be about 40 times stronger than that in the precursor oxyfluoride glass.