WNT ligands in non-small cell lung cancer: from pathogenesis to clinical practice.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and leading cause of death worldwide, whereas its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Although mutations in some crucial genes in WNT pathways such as β-catenin and APC are not common in NSCLC, the abnormal signal transduction of WNT pathways is still closely related to the occurrence and progression of NSCLC. WNT ligands (WNTs) are a class of secreted glycoproteins that activate WNT pathways through binding to their receptors and play important regulatory roles in embryonic development, cell differentiation, and tissue regeneration.

Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Related Factors in Survivors of Stroke in Rural China: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Stroke is a major health threat and the leading cause of mortality and disability in China. The aims of this study were to identify the possible influencing factors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its domain-specific contents in stroke patients in rural areas in China.

Methods: A total of 1,709 stroke patients aged 36-79 years from the baseline data of Henan Rural Cohort study ( = 39,259) were included in the cross-sectional study.

Design, synthesis and evaluation of 3-phenoxypyrazine-2-carboxamide derivatives as potent TGR5 agonists.

TGR5 is emerging as an important and promising target for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and obesity. A series of novel 3-phenoxypyrazine-2-carboxamide derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated and . The most potent compounds 18g and 18k exhibited excellent hTGR5 agonist activity, which was superior to those of the reference drug INT-777.

Health-related quality of life and its related factors in coronary heart disease patients: results from the Henan Rural Cohort study.

The aims were to identify the possible influencing factors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its domain-specific scores in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). A total of 1247 patients with CHD from the Henan Rural Cohort Study (n = 39,259) were included in this study. The Chinese version of the European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five level scale (EQ-5D-5L) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to evaluate HRQoL in patients with CHD.

Benefits finding among Chinese family caregivers of stroke survivors: a qualitative descriptive study.

Objectives: The caregiving experience includes both caregiver burdens and benefits finding. However, the benefits obtained by family caregivers of stroke survivors in Chinese community dwellings are unknown. The objective of this study was to explore the benefits experienced by family caregivers of stroke survivors in Chinese community dwellings.

Creating a Caregiver Benefit Finding Scale of Family Caregivers of Stroke Survivors: Development and Psychometric Evaluation.

In recent years, increased attention has been paid to the benefit finding of family caregivers due to the important role they play. Although some instruments measure benefit finding of caregivers, they do not comprehensively address it in terms specific to the family caregivers of stroke survivors, who require long-term, consistent care. This study is the first effort to develop a comprehensive Caregiver Benefit Finding Scale for the family caregivers of stroke survivors in a Chinese cultural setting.

Novel cyclometalated Ru(II) complexes containing isoquinoline ligands: Synthesis, characterization, cellular uptake and in vitro cytotoxicity.

Two novel cyclometalated Ru(II) complexes containing isoquinoline ligand, [Ru(bpy)(1-Ph-IQ)](PF), (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; 1-Ph-IQ = 1-phenylisoquinoline; RuIQ-1) and [Ru(phen)(1-Ph-IQ)](PF) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; RuIQ-2) were found to show high cytotoxic activity against NCI-H460, A549, HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines. Notably, both of them exhibited IC values that were an order of magnitude lower than those of clinical cisplatin and two structurally similar Ru(II)-isoquinoline complexes [Ru(bpy)(1-Py-IQ)](PF) (Ru3) and [Ru(phen)(1-Py-IQ)](PF) (Ru4) (1-Py-IQ = 1-pyridine-2-yl). The cellular uptake and intracellular localization displayed that the two cyclometalated Ru(II) complexes entered NCI-H460 cancer cells dominantly via endocytosis pathway, and preferentially distributed in the nucleus.

Progress, opportunity, and perspective on exosome isolation - efforts for efficient exosome-based theranostics.

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles with diameters of 30-150 nm. In both physiological and pathological conditions, nearly all types of cells can release exosomes, which play important roles in cell communication and epigenetic regulation by transporting crucial protein and genetic materials such as miRNA, mRNA, and DNA. Consequently, exosome-based disease diagnosis and therapeutic methods have been intensively investigated.

Effect of Irbesartan on Oxidative Stress and Serum Inflammatory Factors in Renal Tissues of Type 2 Diabetic Rats.

Objective: To determine the effect of irbesartan on the activity of oxidative stress parameters of glutathione (GSH), superoxide enzyme (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and concentration of serum inflammatory factors of macrophage chemokine-1 (MCP-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-∝) in the renal tissue of type 2 diabetic rats.

Study Design: An experimental study.

Place And Duration Of Study: The First People's Hospital of Ningyang County, Shandong Province, China, from April 2017 to March 2018.

Normobaric oxygen inhibits AQP4 and NHE1 expression in experimental focal ischemic stroke.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of 60% normobaric oxygen (NBO) on neurological function, brain edema and the expression of hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α), aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and Na+/H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1) in a rat model of cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury. Male Sprague‑Dawley rats underwent transient focal cerebral ischemia via right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 120 min followed by 48 h of reperfusion. The rats were exposed to NBO at 60 and 100% or no treatment during reperfusion for 48 h.

Andrographolide protects against cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation through activation of heme oxygenase-1.

This study was conducted to check whether andrographolide, a bioactive molecule isolated from Andrographis paniculata, could protect against cigarette smoke (CS)-induced lung injury through activation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Pretreatment with andrographolide (1 mg/kg body weight) markedly attenuated lung inflammation in CS-exposed mice, coupled with reduced numbers of total cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and decreased production of cytokine/chemokine into BALF. Furthermore, andrographolide pretreatment increased the expression and activation of HO-1 in the lung of CS-exposed animals.