The effect of large channel-based foraminoplasty on lumbar biomechanics in percutaneous endoscopic discectomy: a finite element analysis.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of foraminoplasty using large-channel endoscopy during TESSYS on the biomechanics of the lumbar spine.

Methods: A complete lumbar spine model, M1, was built using 3D finite elements, and models M2 and M3 were constructed to simulate the intraoperative removal of the superior articular process of L5 using a trephine saw with diameters of 5 mm and 8.5 mm, respectively, and applying normal physiological loads on the different models to simulate six working conditions-anterior flexion, posterior extension, left-right lateral bending, and left-right rotation-to investigate the displacement and facet joint stress change of the surgical segment, and the disc stress change of the surgical and adjacent segments.

Expanding the genomic encyclopedia of with 824 isolate reference genomes.

The phylum includes important human pathogens like and and renowned producers of secondary metabolites of commercial interest, yet only a small part of its diversity is represented by sequenced genomes. Here, we present 824 actinobacterial isolate genomes in the context of a phylum-wide analysis of 6,700 genomes including public isolates and metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). We estimate that only 30%-50% of projected actinobacterial phylogenetic diversity possesses genomic representation via isolates and MAGs.

Methyl-Based Methanogenesis: an Ecological and Genomic Review.

Methyl-based methanogenesis is one of three broad categories of archaeal anaerobic methanogenesis, including both the methyl dismutation (methylotrophic) pathway and the methyl-reducing (also known as hydrogen-dependent methylotrophic) pathway. Methyl-based methanogenesis is increasingly recognized as an important source of methane in a variety of environments. Here, we provide an overview of methyl-based methanogenesis research, including the conditions under which methyl-based methanogenesis can be a dominant source of methane emissions, experimental methods for distinguishing different pathways of methane production, molecular details of the biochemical pathways involved, and the genes and organisms involved in these processes.

The IMG/M data management and analysis system v.7: content updates and new features.

The Integrated Microbial Genomes & Microbiomes system (IMG/M: https://img.jgi.doe.

Multiomics in the central Arctic Ocean for benchmarking biodiversity change.

Multiomics approaches need to be applied in the central Arctic Ocean to benchmark biodiversity change and to identify novel species and their genes. As part of MOSAiC, EcoOmics will therefore be essential for conservation and sustainable bioprospecting in one of the least explored ecosystems on Earth.

MRGPRX2 mediates immediate-type pseudo-allergic reactions induced by iodine-containing iohexol.

Background: Iohexol is a typical iodinated radiocontrast medium and widely used in clinical angiography. Hypersensitivity reactions induced by iohexol are common side effects known to increase the risk for patients. Iodine is the main functional group of iohexol, and it can induce delayed anaphylaxis.

A genomic catalog of Earth's microbiomes.

The reconstruction of bacterial and archaeal genomes from shotgun metagenomes has enabled insights into the ecology and evolution of environmental and host-associated microbiomes. Here we applied this approach to >10,000 metagenomes collected from diverse habitats covering all of Earth's continents and oceans, including metagenomes from human and animal hosts, engineered environments, and natural and agricultural soils, to capture extant microbial, metabolic and functional potential. This comprehensive catalog includes 52,515 metagenome-assembled genomes representing 12,556 novel candidate species-level operational taxonomic units spanning 135 phyla.

[Design of three-dimensional foraminal guide device and application in percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy].

Objective: To explore clinical application of the new three-dimensional foramen guide in percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy.

Methods: Based on the principle of reverse positioning, a new three-dimensional foramen guide was designed. From May 2016 to May 2018, totally 40 patients with segmental lumbar disc herniation were underwent percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy.

The integration of pore size and porosity distribution on Ti-6A1-4V scaffolds by 3D printing in the modulation of osteo-differentation.

Purpose: In this study, pore size and porosity distribution of porous Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds (pTi) were controlled by 3D printing. The effects of pore size distribution at a constant porosity, or porosity distribution at a constant pore size pertaining to functions of adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of the mouse embryonic osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells were researched separately.

Methods: 3D printing was used to design five groups of pTi, designated as PS/HP, PS/LP, PS/HP, PS/LP, and PS/HP based on pore size and porosity distribution.

Pedicle Screw Insertion: Is O-Arm-Based Navigation Superior to the Conventional Freehand Technique? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although O-arm-based navigation (ON) has been considered a better choice than the conventional freehand (FH) technique for spine surgery, clinical evidence showing the accuracy of ON compared with the FH technique is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of pedicle screw insertion under ON compared with the FH technique.

Methods: The Cochrane Library, Ovid, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and CNKI online databases were searched up to January 2020.

Unilateral or Bilateral Percutaneous Endoscopic Debridement and Lavage Treatment for Lumbar Spinal Tuberculosis.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcome between bilateral percutaneous endoscopic debridement and lavage (PEDL) and unilateral PEDL treatment for lumbar spine tuberculosis (LST).

Methods: A total of 40 patients with LST who underwent either bilateral PEDL (group A) or unilateral PEDL (group B) were reviewed. Perioperative parameters were assessed by operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, and days of postoperative continuous irrigation and vacuum drainage.

Chondroprotective Effects of Ginsenoside Rg1 in Human Osteoarthritis Chondrocytes and a Rat Model of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection.

This study aimed to assess whether Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) inhibits inflammatory responses in human chondrocytes and reduces articular cartilage damage in a rat model of osteoarthritis (OA). Gene expression and protein levels of type II collagen, aggrecan, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were determined in vitro by quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) amounts in the culture medium were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Improve Left Ventricular Function, Perfusion, and Remodeling in a Porcine Model of Chronic Myocardial Ischemia.

Unlabelled: : Stem cell therapy has emerged as a new strategy for treatment of ischemic heart disease. Although umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSCs) have been used preferentially in the acute ischemia model, data for the chronic ischemia model are lacking. In this study, we investigated the effect of UC-MSCs originated from Wharton's jelly in the treatment of chronic myocardial ischemia in a porcine model induced by ameroid constrictor.

Thoracic Pedicle Screw Placement Guide Plate Produced by Three-Dimensional (3-D) Laser Printing.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of an individualized thoracic pedicle screw placement guide plate produced by 3-D laser printing. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thoracic pedicle samples of 3 adult cadavers were randomly assigned for 3-D CT scans. The 3-D thoracic models were established by using medical Mimics software, and a screw path was designed with scanned data.

Clinical Use of 3D Printing Guide Plate in Posterior Lumbar Pedicle Screw Fixation.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of use of a 3D printing guide plate in posterior lumbar pedicle screw fixation. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 43 patients receiving posterior lumbar pedicle screw fixation. The experimental group underwent 3D printing guide plate-assisted posterior lumbar pedicle screw fixation, while the control group underwent traditional x-ray-assisted posterior lumbar pedicle screw fixation.

Clinical Efficacy of Mudpack Therapy in Treating Knee Osteoarthritis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of mudpack therapy for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis and identify the likely factors associated with the high heterogeneity of combined studies.

Design: The Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials in which mudpack therapy was used to treat knee osteoarthritis.

Results: Ten publications that reported the results from a total of 1010 subjects were included in this meta-analysis.

CD49f Acts as an Inflammation Sensor to Regulate Differentiation, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

The advent of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies has been an exciting innovation for the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory diseases. However, the surface markers that accurately reflect the self-renewal and differentiation potential of MSCs and their sensitivity to environmental cues remain poorly defined. Here, we studied the role of CD49f in bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs) and the mechanism by which it regulates the behavior of BMSCs under inflammatory conditions.

Activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors prevents monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats.

Background/aims: Although some evidence suggests that the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) is lower in smokers compared to nonsmokers, the mechanisms of nicotine-induced protection remain unclear. Stimulation of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) appears to be a critical mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory potential of cholinergic agonists in immune cells. The inhibition of secreted inflammatory molecules and the subsequent inflammatory processes have been proposed as a novel strategy for the treatment of OA.

Phylogenetically driven sequencing of extremely halophilic archaea reveals strategies for static and dynamic osmo-response.

Organisms across the tree of life use a variety of mechanisms to respond to stress-inducing fluctuations in osmotic conditions. Cellular response mechanisms and phenotypes associated with osmoadaptation also play important roles in bacterial virulence, human health, agricultural production and many other biological systems. To improve understanding of osmoadaptive strategies, we have generated 59 high-quality draft genomes for the haloarchaea (a euryarchaeal clade whose members thrive in hypersaline environments and routinely experience drastic changes in environmental salinity) and analyzed these new genomes in combination with those from 21 previously sequenced haloarchaeal isolates.

The genome of the intracellular bacterium of the coastal bivalve, Solemya velum: a blueprint for thriving in and out of symbiosis.

Background: Symbioses between chemoautotrophic bacteria and marine invertebrates are rare examples of living systems that are virtually independent of photosynthetic primary production. These associations have evolved multiple times in marine habitats, such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents and reducing sediments, characterized by steep gradients of oxygen and reduced chemicals. Due to difficulties associated with maintaining these symbioses in the laboratory and culturing the symbiotic bacteria, studies of chemosynthetic symbioses rely heavily on culture independent methods.

OPN polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility to cervical spondylotic myelopathy and its outcome after anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion.

Background: Osteopontin (OPN) is reportedly involved in bone desorption, formation and ectopic calcification. We sought to investigate the role of OPN gene polymorphism in the susceptibility to Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and in predicting the outcome anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACF).

Methods: A total of 187 patients diagnosed with CSM and 233 sex and age matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study.