Novel two-dimensional molybdenene as a promising electrocatalyst for the nitrogen reduction reaction: a first-principles prediction.

The exploration of two-dimensional (2D) metallenes is driven by their noteworthy attributes, encompassing high conductivity and substantial exposure of metal active sites, facilitating the development of nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) electrocatalysts characterized by a low overpotential and superior selectivity. Here, employing first-principles swarm-intelligence structural search methods, we predict molybdenene as a novel and stable non-precious metallene, featuring a 2-atom-thick structure. Our findings demonstrate that the basal plane of molybdenene showcases remarkable catalytic activity with an overpotential of 0.

Stroke-Induced Renal Dysfunction: Underlying Mechanisms and Challenges of the Brain-Kidney Axis.

Stroke, a major neurological disorder and a leading cause of disability and death, often inflicts damage upon other organs, particularly the kidneys. While chronic kidney disease (CKD) has long been established as a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular disease, stroke can induce renal dysfunction, manifesting as acute kidney injury (AKI) or CKD. Mounting clinical and basic research evidence supports the existence of a bidirectional brain-kidney crosstalk following stroke, implicating specific mechanisms and pathways in stroke-related renal dysfunction.

Changes in Mental Health and EEG Biomarkers of Undergraduates Under Different Patterns of Mindfulness.

The effects of short-term mindfulness are associated with the different patterns (autonomic, audio guided, or experienced and certified mindfulness instructor guided mindfulness). However, robust evidence for reported the impacts of different patterns of mindfulness on mental health and EEG biomarkers of undergraduates is currently lacking. Therefore, we aimed to test the hypotheses that mindfulness training for undergraduates would improve mental health, and increase alpha power over frontal region and theta power over midline region at the single electrode level.

The impact of environmental regulation on renewable energy development in China from the perspective of spatial effects.

From a spatial perspective, this paper constructs a spatial Durbin model based on the adjacent weight matrix to analyze the impact of environmental regulation on the development of renewable energy in 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) in China from 2007 to 2020. The results show that (1) both environmental regulation and renewable energy development have positive spatial autocorrelation and form relatively similar spatial agglomeration areas, specifically showing the characteristics of "high-high" agglomeration in resource-rich areas and "low-low" agglomeration in resource-scarce areas. (2) Environmental regulation significantly promotes the development of local renewable energy and has a significant spatial spillover effect on the development of renewable energy in neighboring provinces.

Nomogram predicting surgical risk of laparoscopic left-sided hepatectomy for hepatolithiasis.

Objective: To explore the surgical risk factors of laparoscopic left-sided hepatectomy for hepatolithiasis and establish and validate a nomogram to estimate the corresponding surgical risks.

Methods: Patients with hepatolithiasis who underwent laparoscopic left-sided hepatectomy were retrospectively enrolled. Demographic data, clinicopathological parameters, and surgical factors were collected.

Exploring Applicability of Different Ecological Protection Measures for Soil and Water Loss Control of Highway Slope in the Permafrost Area: A Case Study of Qinghai-Tibet Highway in China.

A variety of slope water and soil conservation measures have been taken along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, but the systematic comparison of their erosion control ability needs to be strengthened, especially in the permafrost area. To explore the applicability of different measures to control runoff and sediment yield, field scouring experiments were conducted for different ecologically protected slopes, including turfing (strip, block, full), slope covering (gravel, coconut fiber blanket), and comprehensive measures (three-dimensional net seeding). Compared with the bare slope, the bulk density of the plots with the ecological protection measure decreased, the moisture-holding capacity and the organic matter increased correspondingly, and the average runoff velocity also decreased.

Non-canonical binding of the Chaetomium thermophilum PolD4 N-terminal PIP motif to PCNA involves Q-pocket and compact 2-fork plug interactions but no 3 helix.

DNA polymerase δ (Pol δ) is a key enzyme for the maintenance of genome integrity in eukaryotic cells, acting in concert with the sliding clamp processivity factor PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen). Three of the four subunits of human Pol δ interact directly with the PCNA homotrimer via a short, conserved protein sequence known as a PCNA interacting protein (PIP) motif. Here, we describe the identification of a PIP motif located towards the N terminus of the PolD4 subunit of Pol δ (equivalent to human p12) from the thermophilic filamentous fungus Chaetomium thermophilum and present the X-ray crystal structure of the corresponding peptide bound to PCNA at 2.

Recent Progress and Future Perspectives of Immunotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer.

As one of the most common forms of solid tumours, gastric carcinoma has been revealed as the third leading cause of death worldwide. The symptom of gastric cancer is usually not obvious and thus difficult to detect at earlier stages. Therefore, gastric cancer is already in the advanced stage once detected in patients, which has a poor prognosis due to ineffective therapies and multiple resistance.

Research on the Formation Mechanism of Health Insurance Fraud in China: From the Perspective of the Tripartite Evolutionary Game.

The problem of fraud in China's health insurance has existed for a long time and is becoming more serious, which needs to be solved urgently. This article constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model to study the formation mechanism of the Health Insurance fraud, game participants including medical administrative organization (MAO, a government department responsible for health insurance supervision), medical institutions (MI, such as hospitals), and insured individuals (II, who participating in medical and healthcare insurance). By analyzing the equilibrium of the tripartite evolutionary game, this paper makes an in-depth study on the formation and resolution of health insurance fraud.

Potentialities and Challenges of mRNA Vaccine in Cancer Immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy has become the breakthrough strategies for treatment of cancer in recent years. The application of messenger RNA in cancer immunotherapy is gaining tremendous popularity as mRNA can function as an effective vector for the delivery of therapeutic antibodies on immune targets. The high efficacy, decreased toxicity, rapid manufacturing and safe administration of mRNA vaccines have great advantages over conventional vaccines.

GRP78 activates the Wnt/HOXB9 pathway to promote invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by chaperoning LRP6.

Recent studies have shown that the expression levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and homeobox B9 (HOXB9) are both upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and are closely related to HCC invasion and metastasis. However, whether there is a regulatory relationship between GRP78 and HOXB9 is unclear. In this study, we examined the expression of GRP78 and HOXB9 in HCC tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues.

Bi-functional nitrogen-doped carbon protective layer on three-dimensional RGO/SnO composites with enhanced electron transport and structural stability for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

Three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide@SnO@nitrogen-doped carbon (3DG@SnO@N-C) composites are designed as high efficiency anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The SnO particle size, surface area and pore size distribution of the 3DG@SnO@N-C could be simply controlled by altering the GO dosages. The optimized 3DG@SnO@N-C electrode demonstrates a reversible capacity of 1349.

MMSET I acts as an oncoprotein and regulates GLO1 expression in t(4;14) multiple myeloma cells.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by recurrent chromosomal translocations. T(4;14) MM overexpresses multiple myeloma SET domain-containing protein (MMSET). MMSET has three major isoforms: the full-length form MMSET II and the short isoforms REIIBP and MMSET I.

Enhanced performance of a graphene/GaAs self-driven near-infrared photodetector with upconversion nanoparticles.

Near-infrared photodetectors (NIRPDs) have attracted great attention because of their wide range of applications in many fields. Herein, a novel self-driven NIRPD at the wavelength of 980 nm is reported based on the graphene/GaAs heterostructure. Extraordinarily, its sensitivity to light illumination (980 nm) is far beyond the absorption limitation of GaAs (874 nm).

Selective anticancer activity of the novel steroidal dihydropyridine spirooxindoles against human esophageal EC109 cells.

A series of small-molecule compounds built on steroidal dihydropyridine spirooxindoles has been reported previously. In this study, the compound 5l showed strong anti-cancer activity, especially in the esophageal cancer. Three esophageal squamous cell lines and paclitaxel-resistant cell line were investigated.

Highly efficient graphene-on-gap modulator by employing the hybrid plasmonic effect.

We propose a highly efficient graphene-on-gap modulator (GOGM) by employing the hybrid plasmonic effect, whose modulation efficiency (up to 1.23 dB/μm after optimization) is ∼12-fold larger than that of the present graphene-on-silicon modulator (∼0.1  dB/μm).

Targeting the Bcl-2 family and P-glycoprotein reverses paclitaxel resistance in human esophageal carcinoma cell line.

Paclitaxel (PTX) is one of the most effective drugs used in the treatment of esophageal cancer, however, paclitaxel resistance represents a key limitation during the treatment process. In this study, we investigated the changes of Bcl-2 family members in the moderate paclitaxel-resistance of esophageal carcinoma EC109/PTX cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we evaluated the reversal effect using siRNAs and the recombinant inhibitor TW37 targeting Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and Mcl-1.

Bone morphogenetic protein 4 is overexpressed in and promotes migration and invasion of drug-resistant cancer cells.

Drug resistance and metastasis significantly hinder chemotherapy and worsen prognoses in cancer. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) belongs to the TGF-β superfamily, has broad biological activities in cell proliferation and cartilage differentiation and is also able to induce migration and invasion. Herein, we investigated the role of BMP4 in the regulation of metastasis in paclitaxel-resistant human esophageal carcinoma EC109 cells (EC109/Taxol) and docetaxel-resistant human gastric cancer MGC803 cells (MGC/Doc).

Jesridonin in combination with paclitaxel demonstrates synergistic anti-tumor activity in human esophageal carcinoma cells.

The novel compound jesridonin, has extensive anti-tumor activity. In this study, we aim to investigate the cytotoxic effects of jesridonin in combination with paclitaxel. Our results showed that jesridonin in combination with paclitaxel had synergistic cytotoxic effects on human esophageal carcinoma both in vitro and in vivo.

Geridonin, a novel derivative of oridonin, inhibits proliferation of MGC 803 cells both in vitro and in vivo through elevating the intracellular ROS.

Objectives: To study the antitumour activity of a novel derivative of oridonin named geridonin in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: MTT and colony formation assay were used to test the cytotoxicity of geridonin; apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and the levels of reactive oxygen species were measured by flow cytometry; JC-1 staining assay was used to examine the mitochondrial membrane potential; the MGC 803 xenograft model was established to evaluate the antitumour effect of geridonin in vivo; H&E staining was performed for the histological analysis.

Key Findings: In vitro, geridonin remarkably inhibited proliferation of gastrointestinal cancer cells including oesophageal, gastric, liver and colon cancers.

JD enhances the anti-tumour effects of low-dose paclitaxel on gastric cancer MKN45 cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Background: Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide, and paclitaxel (PTX) is one of the most widely used traditional drugs in gastric cancer therapy. However, the response to traditional therapy is limited by acquired chemo-resistance and side effects. Here, we establish a newly designed combination therapy consisting of a compound that is a structural variant of oridonin, i.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives possessing a hydrazone moiety as antiproliferative agents.

A series of [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives bearing a hydrazone moiety were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against several cancer cell lines of different origins by MTT assay. Most of the synthesized compounds demonstrated moderate to good activity against the cancer cell lines selected. Especially, compound 43 showed the most potent antiproliferative activity as well as good selectivity between cancer and normal cells (IC values of 0.