Identification of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs Targeting DNA Gyrase A and Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase PknB: A Machine Learning-Assisted Drug-Repurposing Approach.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health challenge associated with considerable levels of illness and mortality worldwide. The development of innovative therapeutic strategies is crucial to combat the rise of drug-resistant TB strains. DNA Gyrase A (GyrA) and serine/threonine protein kinase (PknB) are promising targets for new TB medications.

Simultaneous analysis of residual prohibited doping substances in foods using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The continuous consumption of various foods increases the risk of unintentional exposure to residual contaminants. Thus, improving premonitoring procedures to ensure food safety is critical. Herein, a rapid and efficient assay was developed to monitor residual contaminants in food, with a focus on banned doping substances.

Fermented antler extract attenuates muscle atrophy by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway and inflammatory response in immobilization-treated C57BL/6J mice.

Muscle atrophy or muscle wasting, which is featured by reduced muscle function and mass, typically results from disuse, aging, and chronic diseases. The deer antler, which refers to the young and non-ossified antlers of various species of deer-related animals, is not fully calcified and comprises of densely growing hair. Here, we investigated whether -fermented antler extract (FAE) inhibits immobilization-induced muscle atrophy in C57BL/6J mice.

First Nationwide Mpox Vaccination Program in the Republic of Korea: Implications for an Enhanced Public Health Response.

On May 1, 2024, the Republic of Korea lifted the infectious disease crisis alert for mpox, almost two years after the first case was reported. The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) has led the response, which included diagnosis, epidemiological investigations, treatment, and vaccination. This article particularly reviews the vaccination strategy implemented and proposes suggestions for enhancing future response efforts.

Complete genome sequences of strains EF60045 and SJEF4-2 from Korean hot springs.

We report the complete genomes of strains EF60045 and SJEF4-2 from Korean hot springs, with 3,769 and 3,625 thermophilic genes, respectively. EF60045 shows four methylation patterns. SJEF4-2 harbors three plasmids.

Advancements in plant based meat analogs enhancing sensory and nutritional attributes.

The burgeoning demand for plant-based meat analogs (PBMAs) stems from environmental, health, and ethical concerns, yet replicating the sensory attributes of animal meat remains challenging. This comprehensive review explores recent innovations in PBMA ingredients and methodologies, emphasizing advancements in texture, flavor, and nutritional profiles. It chronicles the transition from soy-based first-generation products to more diversified second- and third-generation PBMAs, showcasing the utilization of various plant proteins and advanced processing techniques to enrich sensory experiences.

Publication Trends in Osteoporosis Treatment: A 20-Year Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: Osteoporosis prevalence continues to escalate with the growth of the older adult population. In this study, we aimed to investigate the profile of osteoporosis treatment-related research articles published in the past 20 years using bibliometric analysis.

Methods: We analyzed all osteoporosis treatment-related articles published between 2001 and 2020 in the Web of Science (WoS) database using bibliometric methods.

Machine Learning Prediction Models for Solid Electrolytes Based on Lattice Dynamics Properties.

Recently, machine-learning approaches have accelerated computational materials design and the search for advanced solid electrolytes. However, the predictors are currently limited to static structural parameters, which may not fully account for the dynamic nature of ionic transport. In this study, we meticulously curated features considering dynamic properties and developed machine-learning models to predict the ionic conductivity, σ, of solid electrolytes.

Wide field-of-hearing metalens for aberration-free sound capture.

Metalenses are instruments that manipulate waves and have exhibited remarkable capabilities to date. However, an important hurdle arises due to the severe hampering of the angular response originating from coma and field curvature aberrations, which result in a loss of focusing ability. Herein, we provide a blueprint by introducing the notion of a wide field-of-hearing (FOH) metalens, designed particularly for capturing and focusing sound with decreased aberrations.

The Barriers to Recognizing and Reporting Child Physical Abuse by Emergency Physicians and Associated Factors.

Background: Although the reporting rate of child abuse is increasing every year, the child abuse detection rate is 3.81% as of 2019 in Korea, which is significantly lower than that of developed countries for child rights.

Objective: We investigated the associated factors with barriers that emergency physicians face in recognizing and reporting cases of child abuse.

In Vivo 3-Dimensional Dynamic Evaluation of Shoulder Kinematics After the Latarjet Procedure: Comparison With the Contralateral Healthy Shoulder.

Background: Researchers have attempted to understand the underlying mechanism of the Latarjet procedure; however, its effects on shoulder kinematics have not been well studied.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose was to analyze shoulder kinematics after the Latarjet procedure. It was hypothesized that the nonanatomic transfer of the coracoid process during the procedure would affect normal shoulder kinematics.

extract and xanthorrhizol ameliorate cancer-induced adipose wasting in CT26-bearing mice by regulating lipid metabolism and adipose tissue browning.

Background: Cancer cachexia-characterized by anorexia, body weight loss, skeletal muscle atrophy, and fat loss-affects nearly 80% of cancer patients and accounts for 20% of cancer deaths. , known as Java turmeric, and its active compound xanthorrhizol (XAN) exhibit anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, the ameliorative effects of extract (CXE) and XAN on cancer-associated adipose atrophy remain unexplored.

Anti-Atopic Dermatitis Effect of TPS240, a Novel Therapeutic Peptide, via Suppression of NF-κB and STAT3 Activation.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a relapsing skin disease with persistent inflammation as a causal factor for symptoms and disease progression. Current therapies provide only temporary relief and require long-term usage accompanied by side effects due to persistent relapses. A short peptide, TPS240, has been tested for its potential to subside AD.

Complete genome assembly of strain HL1, isolated from an infant fecal sample.

We present the complete genome sequence of strain HL1, isolated from infant feces. gains significant attention for its therapeutic potential. The genome of HL1 consists of a 2.

complex prosthetic joint infection: A systematic review of the literature and pooled analysis.

Background: (MAC) prosthetic joint infection (PJI) has been rarely reported.

Methods: This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and outcomes of MAC PJI. A systematic review of the literature regarding the MAC infection following total joint arthroplasty including hip and knee joint was performed.

Giant thermal rectification efficiency by geometrically enhanced asymmetric non-linear radiation.

Thermal rectification is an asymmetric heat transport phenomenon where thermal conductance changes depending on the temperature gradient direction. The experimentally reported efficiency of thermal rectification materials and devices, which are applicable for a wide range of temperatures, is relatively low. Here we report a giant thermal rectification efficiency of 218% by maximizing asymmetry in parameters of the Stefan-Boltzmann law for highly non-linear thermal radiation.

A novel exopolysaccharide (p-CY01) from the Antarctic bacterium sp. strain CY01 cryopreserves human red blood cells.

Cryopreservation of human red blood cells (RBCs) is vital for regenerative medicine and organ transplantation, but current cryoprotectants (CPAs) like glycerol and hydroxyethyl starch (HES) have limitations. Glycerol requires post-thaw washing due to cell membrane penetration, while HES causes high viscosity. To address these issues, we explored exopolysaccharides (EPS) from Antarctic sp.

Description of sp. nov., isolated from seawater.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile by gliding and moderately halophilic rod-shaped bacterium HN-2-9-2 was isolated from seawater in Tongyeong, Republic of Korea. The strain grew at concentrations of 0.5‒7 % (w/v) NaCl, at pH 5.

Bioengineered particles expand myelin-specific regulatory T cells and reverse autoreactivity in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoreactive immune cells damaging myelinated nerves, impairing brain function. Treatments aim for tolerance induction to reeducate the immune system to recognize myelin as "self" rather than "foreign." As peripheral immune tolerance is primarily mediated by regulatory T cells (T), we developed a therapy to support T expansion and activity in vivo.