Prediction of main pancreatic duct involvement in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms on magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: To evaluate the measurement of main pancreatic duct (MPD) diameter on MRI for predicting MPD involvement in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN).

Methods: This retrospective study included 595 patients with surgically confirmed IPMN who underwent preoperative MRI from 2015 to 2022. Three independent readers measured the maximum MPD diameter on two-dimensional axial and coronal T2-weighted imaging.

W-Band GaAs pHEMT Power Amplifier MMIC Stabilized Using Network Determinant Function.

This paper presents a W-band power amplifier monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) that is designed for high-precision millimeter-wave systems and fabricated using a 0.1 µm GaAs pHEMT process. The amplifier's stability was evaluated using the network determinant function, ensuring robust performance under both linear and nonlinear conditions.

Exome sequencing of 18,994 ethnically diverse patients with suspected rare Mendelian disorders.

We investigated the effectiveness of exome sequencing (ES) in diagnosing ethnically diverse patients with rare genetic disorders. A total of 18,994 patients referred to a single reference laboratory for ES between 2020 and 2022 were studied for the diagnostic rate and factors influencing the diagnostic rate. The overall diagnostic rate was 31.

Long-term efficacy and safety of perampanel monotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed or currently untreated recurrent focal-onset seizures: Results from the open-label extension phase of FREEDOM (Study 342).

Objective: FREEDOM (Study 342; NCT03201900) assessed the long-term treatment effect of perampanel monotherapy in adolescent and adult patients (12-74 years of age) with untreated focal-onset seizures (FOS), with or without focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTCS).

Methods: In the Core Study, after a 4-week Pretreatment Phase, perampanel was up-titrated to 4 mg/day during a 6-week Titration Period followed by a 26-week Maintenance Period. Patients experiencing seizure(s) during the 4-mg/day Maintenance Period could have perampanel up-titrated to 8 mg/day over 4 weeks then could enter the 26-week 8-mg/day Maintenance Period.

Attention-Based Malware Detection Model by Visualizing Latent Features Through Dynamic Residual Kernel Network.

In recent years, significant research has been directed towards the taxonomy of malware variants. Nevertheless, certain challenges persist, including the inadequate accuracy of sample classification within similar malware families, elevated false-negative rates, and significant processing time and resource consumption. Malware developers have effectively evaded signature-based detection methods.

Long-term correction of hemophilia A via integration of a functionally enhanced FVIII gene into the AAVS1 locus by nickase in patient-derived iPSCs.

Hemophilia A (HA) is caused by mutations in coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). Genome editing in conjunction with patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is a promising cell therapy strategy, as it replaces dysfunctional proteins resulting from genetic mutations with normal proteins. However, the low expression level and short half-life of FVIII still remain significant limiting factors in the efficacy of these approaches in HA.

Reinforcing treatment and evaluation workflow of stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for refractory ventricular tachycardia.

Purpose: Cardiac radioablation is a novel, non-invasive treatment for ventricular tachycardia (VT), involving a single fractional stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) session with a prescribed dose of 25 Gy. This complex procedure requires a detailed workflow and stringent dose constraints compared to conventional radiation therapy. This study aims to establish a consistent institutional workflow for single-fraction cardiac VT-SABR, emphasizing robust plan evaluation and quality assurance.

Effects of Perch on Productivity, Welfare, and Physiological Indicators of Broiler Chickens Reared in Animal Welfare-Certificated Farms.

This study explored the impact of perches on the productivity and welfare of broilers raised on two animal welfare-certified farms (designated as Farm A and B) in South Korea. Broiler houses in each farm were provided with or without wooden square-shaped perches (2 × 2 cm) at a rate of 2 m per 1000 birds. The study aimed to assess whether perches could influence productivity measures, such as weight and uniformity, and animal welfare indicators, including corticosterone levels and physical health markers.

Optimal Sensor Placement for Motion Tracking of Soft Wearables Using Bayesian Sampling.

Soft sensors integrated or attached to robots or human bodies enable rapid and accurate estimation of the physical states of the target systems, including position, orientation, and force. While the use of a number of sensors enhances precision and reliability in estimation, it may constrain the movement of the target system or make the entire system complex and bulky. This article proposes a rapid, efficient framework for determining where to place the sensors on the system given the limited number of available sensors.

Asciminib add-on to imatinib demonstrates sustained high rates of ongoing therapy and deep molecular responses with prolonged follow-up in the ASC4MORE study.

Background: Up to 65% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who are treated with imatinib do not achieve sustained deep molecular response, which is required to attempt treatment-free remission. Asciminib is the only approved BCR::ABL1 inhibitor that Specifically Targets the ABL Myristoyl Pocket. This unique mechanism of action allows asciminib to be combined with adenosine triphosphate-competitive tyrosine kinase inhibitors to prevent resistance and enhance efficacy.

A Case of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Following COVID-19 Infection Accompanied by Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis in a Kidney Transplant Recipient.

Background: Acute tubular injury is one of the main causes of acute tubular injury (acute kidney injury ) in patients with COVID-19 infection. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is also one of the autoimmune complications of COVID-19. However, AIHA accompanied by acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is rarely reported.

NIR-Guided Coating Optimization of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Mini Soft Capsules with Pitavastatin and Ezetimibe.

Background: This study aimed to optimize the coating process of Omega-3 fatty acid (OM3-FA) mini soft capsules containing the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) pitavastatin and ezetimibe using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for in-process monitoring. Cardiovascular disease treatments benefit from combining OM3-FA with lipid-lowering agents, but formulating such combinations in mini soft capsules presents challenges in maintaining stability and mechanical integrity.

Methods: The coating process was developed using a pan coater and real-time NIR monitoring to ensure uniformity and quality.

The risk of pregnancy-related adverse outcomes after COVID-19 vaccination: Propensity score-matched analysis with influenza vaccination.

Introduction: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination rates in pregnant women remain low owing to safety concerns. When evaluating vaccine safety, comparisons with unvaccinated individuals may lead to healthy vaccinee bias. This study aimed to investigate the association between mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination and pregnancy-related adverse outcomes compared with influenza vaccination.

Control of sensitivity in metal oxide electrolyte gated field-effect transistor-based glucose sensor by electronegativity modulation.

In this study, the sensitivity of electrolyte-gated field-effect transistor-based glucose sensors using oxide semiconductor materials was controlled via electronegativity modulation. By controlling the enzymatic reaction between glucose and glucose oxidase, which is affected by the surface potential, the sensitivity of the glucose sensor can be effectively adjusted. To evaluate the sensitivity characteristics of the glucose sensor according to electronegativity control, devices were fabricated based on InO through Ga and Zn doping.

Impact of Immunosuppressants and Vaccination on COVID-19 Outcomes in Autoimmune Patients and Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Nationwide Propensity Score-Matched Study.

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of varying degrees of immunosuppression on the clinical outcomes of immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with autoimmune diseases or post-solid organ transplant statuses, in the context of COVID-19. By focusing on these highly vulnerable populations, the study underscores the significant health inequalities faced by immunocompromised patients, who experience disproportionately worse outcomes in comparison to the general population.

Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of the K-COV-N dataset was conducted, comparing the effects of immunosuppression in autoimmune and transplant groups with matched control groups.

Hierarchical Nanostructures as Acoustically Manipulatable Multifunctional Agents in Dynamic Fluid Flow.

Acoustic waves provide a biocompatible and deep-tissue-penetrating tool suitable for contactless manipulation in in vivo environments. Despite the prevalence of dynamic fluids within the body, previous studies have primarily focused on static fluids, and manipulatable agents in dynamic fluids are limited to gaseous core-shell particles. However, these gas-filled particles face challenges in fast-flow manipulation, complex setups, design versatility, and practical medical imaging, underscoring the need for effective alternatives.

Chungtaejeon (CTJ) inhibits adhesion and migration of VSMC through cytoskeletal remodeling pathway.

Introduction: Vascular remodeling is crucial for the progression of vascular disease such as atherosclerosis. We utilize the experimental model of atherosclerosis to elucidate the activity of Chungtaejeon (CTJ), a Korean fermented tea on adhesion and migration of human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HASMC).

Materials And Methods: Various assays such as cell viability, cell adhesion, Western blot, immunofluorescence, were carried out on HASMC to explore pathway associated with cytoskeletal remodeling during the progression of atherosclerosis.

Changes in gut microbiome can be associated with abrupt seizure exacerbation in epilepsy patients.

Objective: Seizures can be triggered by a variety of endogenous or exogenous factors. We hypothesized that alterations in the gut microbiome may be a seizure precipitant and analyzed the composition and characteristics of the gut microbiome in epilepsy patients who experienced an abrupt seizure exacerbation without a clear seizure precipitant.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 25 adult patients with epilepsy and collected fecal samples on the admission and after seizure recovery for next-generation sequencing analysis.

Perampanel for the treatment of Asian people with epilepsy: Real-world evidence from the PERMIT extension study.

This post-hoc analysis of the PERMIT Extension study compared the effectiveness and safety/tolerability of perampanel (PER) between Asian and non-Asian participants. Retention rates, adverse events (AEs), seizure frequency, responder rate (≥50% seizure frequency reduction), and seizure freedom rate (no seizures since at least the prior visit) were assessed. Retention was assessed after 3, 6 and 12 months.

Mucosal Penetrative Polymeric Micelle Formulations for Insulin Delivery to the Respiratory Tract.

Purpose: Effective mucosal delivery of drugs continues to pose a significant challenge owing to the formidable barrier presented by the respiratory tract mucus, which efficiently traps and clears foreign particulates. The surface characteristics of micelles dictate their ability to penetrate the respiratory tract mucus. In this study, polymeric micelles loaded with insulin (INS) were modified using mucus-penetrative polymers.