Nanoengineered Design of inside-Heating Hot Nanoreactor Surrounded by Cool Environment for Selective Hydrogenations.

Catalysts with designable intelligent nanostructure may potentially drive the changes in chemical reaction techniques. Herein, a multi-function integrating nanocatalyst, Pt-containing magnetic yolk-shell carbonaceous structure, having catalysis function, microenvironment heating, thermal insulation, and elevated pressure into a whole is designed, which induces selective hydrogenation within heating-constrained nanoreactors surrounded by ambient environment. As a demonstration, carbonyl of α, β-unsaturated aldehydes/ketones are selectively hydrogenated to unsaturated alcohols with a >98% selectivity at a nearly complete conversion under mild conditions of 40 °C and 3 bar instead of harsh requirements of 120 °C and 30 bar.

New bio-based polyester with excellent spinning performance: poly(tetrahydrofuran dimethanol--ethylene terephthalate).

With the excessive consumption of fossil energy, technologies that transform bio-based resources into materials have received more and more attention from researchers in recent decades. In this paper, a series of poly(ethylene 2,5-tetrahydrofuran dimethyl terephthalate; PEFTs) with different components were synthesized from 2,5-tetrahydrofuran dimethanol (THFDM), terephthalic acid (TPA), and ethylene glycol (EG). Their chemical structures and compositions were determined by FTIR, H NMR, and C NMR.

Selective Synthesis of Carbon Nanorings via Asymmetric Intramicellar Phase-Transition-Induced Tip-to-Tip Assembly.

The selective synthesis of energetically less favorable ring-shaped nanostructures by liquid phase synthetic chemistry is a huge challenge. Herein, we report a precise synthesis of carbon nanorings with a well-defined morphology and tunable thickness based on asymmetric intramicellar phase-transition-induced tip-to-tip assembly via mixing hydrophobic long-chain octadecanol and block copolymer F127. This orientational self-assembly depends on the hydrophobicity difference of the intermediate's surface, which triggers directional interactions that surpass the entropy cost of undesired connections and help assemble intermediates into defined ringlike structures.

Sea-level rise will reduce net CO uptake in subtropical coastal marshes.

Coastal marshes have a significant capacity to sequester carbon; however, sea-level rise (SLR) is expected to result in prolonged flooding and saltwater intrusion in coastal regions. To explore the effects of SLR projections on net CO uptake in coastal marshes, we conducted a "double-check" investigation, including the eddy covariance (EC) measurements of the CO fluxes in subtropical coastal marshes along inundation and salinity gradients, in combination with a mesocosm experiment for analyzing CO flux components under waterlogging and increased salinity conditions. During the same measurement periods, the net ecosystem CO exchange (NEE based on the EC dataset) in an oligohaline marsh was higher than that in a low-elevation mesohaline marsh, whereas the NEE was lower than that in a high-elevation freshwater marsh.

Study of the Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Boron- and Nitrogen-Doped Penta-Graphene.

First-principles calculations were performed to investigate the effects of boron/nitrogen dopant on the geometry, electronic structure and magnetic properties of the penta-graphene system. It was found that the electronic band gap of penta-graphene could be tuned and varied between 1.88 and 2.

[Simulation of Inorganic Nitrogen Fluxes at the Sediment-water Interface in a Typical Intertidal Zone, Eastern China].

Taking 12 typical intertidal zones along the eastern coast of China as the research object, indoor tide simulation experiments were conducted to measure exchange fluxes of nitrate nitrogen (NO-N) and ammonia nitrogen (NH-N) between overlying water and sediments, to investigate their spatial distribution, and to clarify controlling factors such as salinity, temperature, and organic matter. Results showed that the total NO-N flux was -2.91-3.

Ecophysiological response of native and exotic salt marsh vegetation to waterlogging and salinity: Implications for the effects of sea-level rise.

The ecophysiological characteristics of native Phragmites australis and exotic Spartina alterniflora grown under waterlogging and salinity were investigated to explore their adaptation potential to sea level rise. The seasonal course of phenotypic traits, photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of P. australis did not change remarkably under shallow flooding, whereas these variables were sensitive to increasing salinity.

Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Qinming8631 DR Implantable Cardiac Pacemaker in Chinese Patients: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial of the First Domestically Developed Pacemaker of China.

Background: High cost of imported pacemakers is a main obstacle for Chinese patients suffering from bradyarrhythmia, and a domestically developed pacemaker will help lower the burden. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Qinming8631 DR (Qinming Medical, Baoji, China), the first domestically developed dual-chamber pacemaker of China, compared with a commercially available pacemaker Talos DR (Biotronik, Berlin, Germany) in Chinese patients.

Methods: A prospective randomized trial was conducted at 14 centers in China.

Role of Kir2.1 in human monocyte-derived foam cell maturation.

The role of K(+) channels in macrophage immunomodulation has been well-established. However, it remains unclear whether K(+) channels are involved in the lipid uptake of macrophages. The expression and function of the inward rectifier potassium channel (Kir2.

Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics/molecular mechanics (CPMD/MM) simulation study of coupling and uncoupling mechanisms of Cytochrome P450cam.

The relevance of the pathway through which the second proton is delivered to the active site of P450cam and the subsequent coupling/uncoupling reactions has been investigated using Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics/molecular mechanics (CPMD/MM) dynamics simulations. Five models have been prepared, representing delivery pathways in the wild-type enzyme and its mutants in which Thr252 mutated into other residues with different side-chain length and hydrophobicity. In the simulations, coupling reaction is observed in the wild-type enzyme (Model A) and its T252S mutant (Model B), while the uncoupling products are obtained in the other three models (C, D, and E).

[Calcium carbonate precipitation in UASB reactors with different substrates].

Two lab scale upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactors were operated at an organic loading rate of COD 9 kg x (m3 x d)(-1) to treat two kinds of calcium containing wastewaters, one of which took acetic acid as substrate and for the other, glucose and soluble starch were the substrate. Both the wastewaters contained 800 mg x L(-1) Ca+. Precipitation of calcium carbonate in the reactors was observed.

HERG-F463L potassium channels linked to long QT syndrome reduce I(Kr) current by a trafficking-deficient mechanism.

1. Congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetically heterogeneous disease. The aim of the present study was to identify the gene mutation in a Chinese family with LQTS and investigate the functional changes associated with the mutation.

[Geographical characteristics of single nucleotide polymorphism of candidate genes associated with coronary artery disease in Chinese Han population].

Objective: To investigate the geographical characteristics of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of candidate genes associated with coronary artery disease in Chinese Han population.

Methods: Study population were Chinese Han nationality recruited from Xi'an, Shiyan and Ningbo districts. Patients with coronary artery disease were defined by coronary angiography with stenosis >or= 50% and control subjects with stenosis < 10%, respectively.

[Heavy metals in environmental media around drinking water conservation area of Shanghai].

The levels of heavy metals in Shanghai drinking water conservation area were determined, and the spatial distributions and main sources of heavy metals were investigated. Moreover, the ecological risk assessment of heavy metals was conducted. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) The average concentrations of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr and As in road dust were 0.

[Risk factors and coronary angiographic findings in young and elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction: a comparative analysis].

Objective: To identify the risk factors for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and summarize the features of coronary angiographic (CAG) findings in young and elderly patients.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted involving 53 young (below 40 years) and 438 elderly (60 years and over) patients with clinical diagnosis of AMI. The differences in the risk factors, clinical characteristics and CAG findings were analyzed between the two groups.

Modified classic risk factors for coronary artery disease in Chinese Han population.

Objective: To investigate the levels of cardiovascular disease risk factors and their relations to clinical phenotype associated with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: The subjects were recruited from five independent cardiovascular centers. Coronary angiography was employed to define the CAD with stenosis in each major vessel > or = 70% and control with stenosis < 10% in every lesion.

[Impact of macrofaunal activities on the DIN exchange at the sediment-water interface along the tidal flat of Yangtze River estuary].

The macrofaunal activities exert intensive and extensive influences on the accumulation, transportation, exchange and geochemistry processes of pollutants and redox sensitive elements around the sediment-water interface. Based on the simulated and contrastive analysis method, effects of bivalve Corbicula fluminea activities on dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) exchange between sediment-water interface in different experimental conditions and nitrogen biogeochemical cycling along the tidal flats of Yangtze River estuary are discussed. In short time experiment, Corbicula fluminea burrowing activities increased NH4+ release from sediments, and NO3- efflux to overlying water was much more in Corbicula fluminea inhabiting core.

[Single nucleotide polymorphisms of genes associated with high density lipoprotein metabolism in Chinese population].

Objective: To study the single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes associated with the high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism in Chinese population.

Methods: Two hundred and nine normal Han ethnic subjects, aged 59+/-10 years, were recruited from 5 medical centers in western part of China. DNA was extracted by proteinase K digestion, phenol and chloroform extraction as well as isopropanol precipitation.

Curcumin ameliorates left ventricular function in rabbits with pressure overload: inhibition of the remodeling of the left ventricular collagen network associated with suppression of myocardial tumor necrosis factor-alpha and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression.

Objective: Curcumin is a wide-spectrum cellular protector with antiinflammatory, antioxidizant, and antifibrotic effects. This study was conducted to investigate its effects on myocardial collagen remodeling in pressure overloaded rabbits.

Methods And Results: Pressure overloaded rabbits were established by partial abdominal aorta ligation.

A density functional theory investigation of the Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation reaction: examination of the insertion reaction of zinc into the C-I bond of CH(2)I(2) and subsequent cyclopropanation reactions.

The insertion reaction of zinc into the C-I bond of CH(2)I(2) and subsequent cyclopropanation reactions with CH(2)CH(2) have been investigated using B3LYP level density functional theory calculations. The Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation reaction of olefins does not proceed easily due to the relatively large barriers on the insertion and cyclopropanation pathways. The computed results indicate that the IZnCH(2)I molecule is the active reagent in the Simmons-Smith reaction.