Secondary metabolites from the fungus .

A new cladosporol derivative xylophilum A (), together with 10 known compounds (-), were isolated from the rice fermentation of the fungus . Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic methods and comparison of their NMR data with literatures. The antimicrobial activity of compound against 11 kinds of pathogenic microbial was evaluated, but no significant activity was found (MIC >100 μg/ml).

A new illudane sesquiterpene from the edible fungus .

Fungi have different genetic expression abilities and biosynthetic pathways under different cultivation conditions, which can produce various secondary metabolites. The "one strain many compounds" strategy is used to activate silent biosynthetic genes of fungi to produce various compounds, which is an effective method. In order to discover various new compounds in the edible fungus , a fermentation strategy involving precursor feeding and enzyme inhibitor addition has been employed.

Ganoderic acids alleviate atherosclerosis by inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background And Aims: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by lipid infiltration and plaque formation in blood vessel walls. Ganoderic acids (GA), a class of major bioactive compounds isolated from the Chinese traditional medicine Ganoderma lucidum, have multiple pharmacological activities. This study aimed to determine the anti-atherosclerotic effect of GA and reveal the pharmacological mechanism.

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (GLPP) attenuates rheumatic arthritis in rats through inactivating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

Background: Not many drugs with fewer side effects are available for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (GLPP) has good immunomodulatory effects, but whether it is effective in managing RA is not clear.

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the anti-RA activity and possible mechanisms of GLPP in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats.

Nonpharmacological Interventions for Management of the Pain-Fatigue-Sleep Disturbance Symptom Cluster in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: The pain-fatigue-sleep disturbance symptom cluster is commonly experienced by breast cancer patients, and a variety of nonpharmacological interventions are used to treat this symptom cluster.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of nonpharmacological interventions in improving the symptoms of the pain-fatigue-sleep disturbance symptom cluster in breast cancer patients.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI, and Wanfang databases to identify randomized controlled studies from database inception to May 2022.

A retrospective analysis of serous effusions based on the newly proposed international system for reporting serous fluid cytopathology: a report of 3633 cases in an oncological center.

Background: The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology (TIS) was recently proposed. We retrospectively applied TIS recommendations for reporting the cytological diagnosis of serous effusions and reported our experience.

Methods: All the serous effusions from January 2018 to September 2021 were retrieved from the database.

Feasibility of Transabdominal Real-time CDFI and HDFI Techniques for Fetal Pulmonary Vein Display in the First Trimester.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the feasibility and usefulness of transabdominal color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) technology and the high-definition flow imaging (HDFI) technique in detecting fetal pulmonary veins (PVs) in the first trimester (11-13 weeks).

Methods: From December 2018 to October 2019, 328 pregnant women with 328 normal singleton fetuses (crown-rump length: 45-84 mm) who had undergone CDFI and HDFI scans for fetal heart and vessel examination were enrolled in this study. The cases were divided into three groups according to the gestational age: group A, 11 -11 weeks; group B, 12 -12 weeks; and group C, 13 -13 weeks.

The complete chloroplast genome of (Gramineae).

(Guatemalan grass) is a perennial fodder grasses, which is commonly growing in large parts of Africa for a source of livestock feed. It has a high economic value as a forage. In this study, we obtained a complete chloroplast genome of by Illumina sequencing.

Camrelizumab in different PD-L1 expression cohorts of pre-treated advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a phase II study.

Background: This phase II study evaluated camrelizumab in different PD-L1 expression cohorts of patients with previously treated advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; NCT03085069, registered March 21, 2017).

Methods: Patients who progressed during/after chemotherapy were enrolled and divided into four cohorts based on PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS). Patients with EGFR/ALK alterations and PD-L1 TPS ≥ 50% were also eligible.

[Chemical constituents of Psidium guajava and their antitumor and antifungal activities].

Twenty-six compounds, including sixteen meroterpenoids(1-16), a triterpenoid(17), four terpenoid derivatives(18-21), and five aromatic compounds(22-26), were isolated from the leaves of Psidium guajava. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analyses including NMR and MS. Compounds 21-26 were obtained from plants of Psidium for the first time.

Novel dibenzofuran and biphenyl phytoalexins from Sorbus pohuashanensis suspension cell and their antimicrobial activities.

Two novel sulfur-containing dibenzofurans, sorbusins A (1) and B (2), two unprecedented biphenyl glycosides, 2'-hydroxyaucuparin 2'-O-É‘-L-rhamnoside (3) and noraucuparin 5-O-É‘-L-rhamnoside (4), and four known analogues (5-8), were isolated from Sorbus pohuashanensis suspension cell induced by yeast extract. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic analyses and quantum calculation of C NMR data. Structurally, compound 1 possessed a rare naturally occurring benzothiazole moiety and represents the first example of thiazole fused dibenzofuran.

Ganoderic acid alleviates chemotherapy-induced fatigue in mice bearing colon tumor.

Chemotherapy-related fatigue (CRF) is increasingly being recognized as one of the severe symptoms in patients undergoing chemotherapy, which not only largely reduces the quality of life in patients, but also diminishes their physical and social function. At present, there is no effective drug for preventing and treating CRF. Ganoderic acid (GA), isolated from traditional Chinese medicine Ganoderma lucidum, has shown a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, immunoregulation, etc.

Automated quantification of Ki-67 index associates with pathologic grade of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.

Background: Classification of the pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) categories is a step-wise process identified by the presence of necrosis and number of mitoses per 2 mm. In neuroendocrine tumor pathology, Ki-67 was first described as a prognostic factor in the pancreas and incorporated into the grading system of digestive tract neuroendocrine neoplasms in the 2010 WHO classification. However, the significance of Ki-67 in pNETs was still a controversial issue.

Consensus in Identification and Stability of Symptom Clusters Using Different Symptom Dimensions in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Undergoing Induction Therapy.

Context: An unresolved issue in symptom cluster (SC) research is that the numbers and types of SCs vary based on the multiple dimensions of the experienced symptoms that are used for SC identification.

Objective: This study aimed to identify SCs using the ratings of occurrence, severity, and distress in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients at three stages of their induction therapy (i.e.

Long-Term Follow-Up of a Community Assignment, One-Time Endoscopic Screening Study of Esophageal Cancer in China.

Purpose: There are no global screening recommendations for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Endoscopic screening has been investigated in areas of high incidence in China since the 1970s. This study aimed to evaluate whether an endoscopic screening and intervention program could reduce mortality caused by ESCC.

Significance of nonmucinous lepidic component with mild nuclear atypia in the discrimination of multiple primary lung cancers from intrapulmonary metastases.

The distinguishing of intrapulmonary metastases from multiple primaries is of great clinical importance. Although comprehensive histological assessment (CHA) was recommended for addressing this problem, the limitations of CHA have been addressed. We hypothesized that a nonmucinous lepidic component with mild nuclear atypia (NLCMA) may be one of the important sign suggesting primary lesions.

Lepidic and micropapillary growth pattern and expression of Napsin A can stratify patients of stage I lung adenocarcinoma into different prognostic subgroup.

Histologic categories and related growth pattern proposed by IASLC/ATS/ERS classification has been reported to be prognostically important in lung adenocarcinoma. Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF1) and Napsin A have been investigated as potential prognostic parameters with conflicting results. A total of 211 cases with stage I lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed according to the IASLC/ATS/ERS classification with slight modifications.

Histological subtypes of lung cancer in Chinese males from 2000 to 2012.

Objective: To characterize the histological and epidemiological features of male lung cancer patients in China.

Methods: The demographic and histological information about male lung cancer patients identified from 2000-01-01 to 2012-12-31, was collected from the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Relative frequencies (RF) were estimated for major histological subtypes and compared according to the years of diagnosis and birth.

The molecular detection and clinical significance of ALK rearrangement in selected advanced non-small cell lung cancer: ALK expression provides insights into ALK targeted therapy.

Background: This study aimed to elucidate clinical significance of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement in selected advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), to compare the application of different ALK detection methods, and especially evaluate a possible association between ALK expression and clinical outcomes in crizotinib-treated patients.

Methods: ALK status was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) in 173 selected advanced NSCLC patients. Clinicopathologic data, genotype status and survival outcomes were analyzed.

[Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of ERα and ERβ expression in lung carcinomas: a tissue microarray study].

Objective: To detect the expression of ERα and ERβ in lung carcinomas and investigate their clinicopathological and prognostic significance by using tissue microarray assay and immunohistochemical staining.

Methods: Six hundred and ninety-eight lung cancer specimens were used in this study, including 651 cases of non-small cell lung carcimomas (NSCLCs) and 47 cases of small cell lung cancers (SCLCs). There were 309 cases of adenocarcimoma and 342 cases of squamous cell carcinoma.

Immunohistochemistry reliably detects ALK rearrangements in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Accurate determination of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements is critical in identifying ALK-positive patients for targeted therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is the current standard method to detect ALK rearrangements but is technically challenging and costly. We compared optimised immunohistochemistry (IHC), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques in this study of 139 samples of advanced NSCLC with non-squamous histology.