Controlling the Dissolution Behavior of (Meth)acrylate-Based Photoresist Polymers in Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide by Introducing Adamantyl Groups.

(Meth)acrylate polymers are commonly used as photoresist materials in photolithography. However, these polymers encounter the problem of swelling during the development process. To address this, we explored the use of a hydrophobic group to control the solubility in the hydrophilic developer.

Longitudinal Comparison of Three T-Cell Assays and Three Antibody Assays Against SARS-CoV-2 Following Homologous mRNA-1273/mRNA-1273/mRNA-1273 and Heterologous ChAdOx1/ChAdOx1/BNT162b2 Vaccination: A Prospective Cohort in Naïve Healthcare Workers.

: Cellular and humoral immunity are key to the immune response against SARS-CoV-2, but the comparability and correlation across different assays remain underexplored. This study compares three T-cell and three antibody assays in two vaccine groups. : This prospective longitudinal cohort study involved 46 naïve healthcare workers: a total of 11 in the homologous mRNA-1273 group (three doses) and 35 in the heterologous ChAd group (two ChAd doses followed by a BNT booster).

Effect of Antimicrobial Wipes on Hospital-Associated Bacterial and Fungal Strains.

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) caused by multidrug-resistant organisms have emerged as a significant global issue, posing substantial challenges to healthcare systems. Low- and intermediate-level disinfectants are extensively utilized for cleaning and disinfecting surfaces in hospitals to mitigate environmental transmission of HAI. Therefore, the need for more effective and environmentally safe disinfectants is increasing.

Predicting Immunogenic Epitopes Variation of Envelope 2 Gene Among Chikungunya Virus Clonal Lineages by an In Silico Approach.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), responsible for a mosquito-borne viral illness, has rapidly spread worldwide, posing a significant global health threat. In this study, we explored the immunogenic variability of CHIKV envelope 2 (E2), a pivotal component in the anti-CHIKV immune response, using an in silico approach. After extracting the representative sequence types of the CHIKV E2 antigen, we predicted the structure-based B-cell epitopes and MHC I and II binding T-cell epitopes.

High-Dose Corticosteroid Use in Severe to Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: A Nationwide Population-Based Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Systemic corticosteroids have become the standard of care for severe to critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the real-world efficacy and safety outcomes associated with a higher dose of corticosteroids remain uncertain.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study of severe to critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 between January 2020 and June 2021 in Korea using the National Health Information Database.

Bacterial Apoptosis-Like Death through Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species by Quercetin in .

The antimicrobial activity of the natural compounds from plant and food have well discovered since the interest on the beneficial effect of the natural compounds was risen. Quercetin, a flavonoid derived from vegetables, including onions, red leaf lettuces and cherries has been studied for diverse biological characteristics as anti-cancer and anti-microbial activities. The aim of current study is to investigate the specific antibacterial modes of action of quercetin against .

Impact of an antimicrobial stewardship programme on antibiotic utilization and resistance burden in patients with acute leukaemia: an 11-year longitudinal cohort study using interrupted time-series analysis.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), driven by inappropriate and overuse of antibiotics, poses a significant threat, especially to patients with acute leukaemia.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) on antibiotic use and analyse temporal changes in bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by AMR organisms.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, interventional, longitudinal cohort study spanning an 11-year period.

Implementing antimicrobial stewardship: lessons and perspectives from a university-affiliated tertiary hospital in Korea.

Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) can lower antibiotic use, decrease medical expenses, prevent the emergence of resistant bacteria, and enhance treatment for infectious diseases. This study summarizes the stepwise implementation and effects of ASPs in a single university-affiliated tertiary care hospital in Korea; it also presents future directions and challenges in resource-limited settings. At the study hospital, the core elements of the ASP such as leadership commitment, accountability, and operating system were established in 2000, then strengthened by the formation of the Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) Team in 2018.

Dextrose-containing fluids causing false-positive serum galactomannan: a case-control study and interrupted time series analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the cause of false-positive serum Aspergillus antigen galactomannan (GM) results in our centre.

Methods: We performed a case-control study aiming to elucidate the factors associated with false-positive GM results. Independent risk factors for false-positive GM were evaluated through a multivariable regression analysis.

Urechistachykinin I triggers mitochondrial dysfunction leading to a ferroptosis-like response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Aims: The purpose of this paper was to demonstrate the antimicrobial activity of urechistachykinin I (LRQSQFVGSR-NH2) extracted from Urechis unicinctus,and its mode of action dependent on mitochondrial dysfunction.

Methods And Results: The antifungal activity of urechistachykinin I generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), as demonstrated with MitoSOX Red and hydroxyphenyl fluorescein (HPF). Overaccumulation of ROS caused oxidative damage to cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction.

Clinical Implementation of Gene-Based Polymerase Chain Reaction for Enhanced Diagnosis in Patients with Hematologic Diseases: A Prospective Observational Study.

The () gene is a promising target for the identification of species. Assessment of the clinical implementation and performance of gene-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) remains warranted. In this study, we assessed the analytical performance of the BenA probe PCR in comparison with the Aspergenius kit.

Burden of Herpes Zoster in Individuals with Immunocompromised Conditions and Autoimmune Diseases in the Republic of Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Database Study.

Introduction: To estimate herpes zoster (HZ) incidence rate (IR) and economic burden in individuals with immunocompromised conditions and autoimmune diseases (IC/AID) in the Republic of Korea (ROK).

Methods: The nationwide Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database was used to identify HZ cases from 2016 to 2020 in ROK. HZ and non-HZ IC/AID cases were matched 1:3 using age, sex, institution, Charlson comorbidity index, IC/AID, and index date.

Multi-Organ Relapse following COVID-19 in Myeloperoxidase-Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis: A Case Report.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a complex systemic autoimmune disease characterized by small vessel vasculitis. Typically, the relapse rate is lower in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) than in those with chronic kidney disease, prior to dialysis. Here, we report a rare case of multi-organ relapse in a patient with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-AAV who underwent hemodialysis following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses and Breakthrough Infection following BNT162b2/BNT162b2/BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1/ChAdOx1/BNT162b2 Vaccination: A Prospective Cohort in Naive Healthcare Workers.

Assessing immune responses post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is crucial for optimizing vaccine strategies. This prospective study aims to evaluate immune responses and breakthrough infection in 235 infection-naïve healthcare workers up to 13-15 months after initial vaccination in two vaccine groups (108 BNT/BNT/BNT and 127 ChAd/ChAd/BNT). Immune responses were assessed using the interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay, total immunoglobulin, and neutralizing activity through surrogate virus neutralization test at nine different time points.

Controlled Crystal Growth of All-Inorganic CsPbIBr Thin Film via Additive Strategy for Air-Processed Efficient Outdoor/Indoor Perovskite Solar Cells.

The evolution of defects during perovskite film fabrication deteriorates the overall film quality and adversely affects the device efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). We endeavored to control the formation of defects by applying an additive engineering strategy using FABr, which retards the crystal growth formation of CsPbIBr perovskite by developing an intermediate phase at the initial stage. Improved crystalline and pinhole-free perovskite film with an optimal concentration of FABr-0.

Urechistachykinin I induced ferroptosis by accumulating reactive oxygen species in Vibrio vulnificus.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), such as urechistachykinin I (LRQSQFVGSR-NH), derived from urechis unicinctus, have demonstrated antimicrobial activities. It exhibits low cytotoxicity and selectivity between microbial and mammalian cells suggesting its potent antimicrobial ability. However, the underlying antimicrobial mechanisms remain unknown.