Recent advances in the role of gasotransmitters in necroptosis.

Necroptosis is a finely regulated programmed cell death process involving complex molecular mechanisms and signal transduction networks. Among them, receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein are the key molecules regulating this process. In recent years, gasotransmitters such as nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide have been suggested to play a regulatory role in necroptosis.

Role of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.

The occurrence and development of tumor is mediated by a wide range of complex mechanisms. Subsequent to nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide (HS) holds the distinction of being the third identified gasotransmitter. Alternation of HS level has been widely demonstrated to induce an array of disturbances in important cancer cell signaling pathways.

Yes-associated protein-based detection of acute type A aortic dissection and evaluation of therapeutic responses.

Background: Acute aortic dissection is a lethal cardiovascular emergency; early diagnosis is critically necessary. Novel serum biomarkers can potentially help in early detection and estimation of postoperative outcomes. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a critical effector of the Hippo pathway, our aim was to explore the association between YAP and the diagnosis and prognosis of AD.

Ecological and anthropogenic effects on the genomic diversity of lemurs in Madagascar.

Ecological variation and anthropogenic landscape modification have had key roles in the diversification and extinction of mammals in Madagascar. Lemurs represent a radiation with more than 100 species, constituting roughly one-fifth of the primate order. Almost all species of lemurs are threatened with extinction, but little is known about their genetic diversity and demographic history.

Hydrogen Sulfide in Musculoskeletal Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.

Musculoskeletal diseases seriously affect global health, but their importance is greatly underestimated. These diseases often afflict the elderly, leading to disability, paralysis, and other complications. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of musculoskeletal diseases, which may have potential therapeutic significance for these diseases.

The role of cystathionine β-synthase in cancer.

Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) occupies a key position as the initiating and rate-limiting enzyme in the sulfur transfer pathway and plays a vital role in health and disease. CBS is responsible for regulating the metabolism of cysteine, the precursor of glutathione (GSH), an important antioxidant in the body. Additionally, CBS is one of the three enzymes that produce hydrogen sulfide (HS) in mammals through a variety of mechanisms.

Emerging roles of hydrogen sulfide in colorectal cancer.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS), an endogenous gasotransmitter, plays a key role in several critical physiological and pathological processes in vivo, including vasodilation, anti-infection, anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, and angiogenesis. In colorectal cancer (CRC), aberrant overexpression of HS-producing enzymes has been observed. Due to the important role of HS in the proliferation, growth, and death of cancer cells, HS can serve as a potential target for cancer therapy.

Role of gasotransmitters in necroptosis.

Gasotransmitters are endogenous gaseous signaling molecules that can freely pass through cell membranes and transmit signals between cells, playing multiple roles in cell signal transduction. Due to extensive and ongoing research in this field, we have successfully identified many gasotransmitters so far, among which nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide are best studied. Gasotransmitters are implicated in various diseases related to necroptosis, such as cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion, infectious diseases, and neurological diseases.

Role of hydrogen sulfide in health and disease.

In the past, hydrogen sulfide (HS) was recognized as a toxic and dangerous gas; in recent years, with increased research, we have discovered that HS can act as an endogenous regulatory transmitter. In mammals, HS-catalyzing enzymes, such as cystathionine-β-synthase, cystathionine-γ-lyase, and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, are differentially expressed in a variety of tissues and affect a variety of biological functions, such as transcriptional and posttranslational modification of genes, activation of signaling pathways in the cell, and metabolic processes in tissues, by producing HS. Various preclinical studies have shown that HS affects physiological and pathological processes in the body.

The Emerging Roles of Hydrogen Sulfide in Ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death characterized by a large amount of lipid peroxidation-mediated membrane damage, joins the evolution of multisystem diseases, for instance, neurodegenerative diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and so forth. Since being identified as the third gasotransmitter in living organisms, the intricate role of hydrogen sulfide (HS) in ferroptosis has emerged at the forefront of research. Novel targets in the relevant metabolic pathways have been found, including transferrin receptor 1, cystine/glutamate antiporter, and others, coupled with the exploration of new signaling pathways, particularly the p53 signaling pathway, the nitric oxide/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathway, and so on.

Role of hydrogen sulfide in dermatological diseases.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS), together with carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO), is recognized as a vital gasotransmitter. HS is biosynthesized by enzymatic pathways in the skin and exerts significant physiological effects on a variety of biological processes, such as apoptosis, modulation of inflammation, cellular proliferation, and regulation of vasodilation. As a major health problem, dermatological diseases affect a large proportion of the population every day.

Contactless vital signs monitoring in macaques using a mm-wave FMCW radar.

Heart rate (HR) and respiration rate (RR) play an important role in the study of complex behaviors and their physiological correlations in non-human primates (NHPs). However, collecting HR and RR information is often challenging, involving either invasive implants or tedious behavioral training, and there are currently few established simple and non-invasive techniques for HR and RR measurement in NHPs owing to their stress response or indocility. In this study, we employed a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar to design a novel contactless HR and RR monitoring system.

Exploring the impact of hydrogen sulfide on hematologic malignancies: A review.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is one of the three most crucial gaseous messengers in the body. The discovery of HS donors, coupled with its endogenous synthesis capability, has sparked hope for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. In the last decade, the investigation into the impact of HS has expanded, particularly within the fields of cardiovascular function, inflammation, infection, and neuromodulation.

Annotations of four high-quality indigenous chicken genomes identify more than one thousand missing genes in subtelomeric regions and micro-chromosomes with high G/C contents.

Background: Although multiple chicken genomes have been assembled and annotated, the numbers of protein-coding genes in chicken genomes and their variation among breeds are still uncertain due to the low quality of these genome assemblies and limited resources used in their gene annotations. To fill these gaps, we recently assembled genomes of four indigenous chicken breeds with distinct traits at chromosome-level. In this study, we annotated genes in each of these assembled genomes using a combination of RNA-seq- and homology-based approaches.

Artificial selection footprints in indigenous and commercial chicken genomes.

Background: Although many studies have been done to reveal artificial selection signatures in commercial and indigenous chickens, a limited number of genes have been linked to specific traits. To identify more trait-related artificial selection signatures and genes, we re-sequenced a total of 85 individuals of five indigenous chicken breeds with distinct traits from Yunnan Province, China.

Results: We found 30 million non-redundant single nucleotide variants and small indels (< 50 bp) in the indigenous chickens, of which 10 million were not seen in 60 broilers, 56 layers and 35 red jungle fowls (RJFs) that we compared with.

NextDenovo: an efficient error correction and accurate assembly tool for noisy long reads.

Long-read sequencing data, particularly those derived from the Oxford Nanopore sequencing platform, tend to exhibit high error rates. Here, we present NextDenovo, an efficient error correction and assembly tool for noisy long reads, which achieves a high level of accuracy in genome assembly. We apply NextDenovo to assemble 35 diverse human genomes from around the world using Nanopore long-read data.

High quality assemblies of four indigenous chicken genomes and related functional data resources.

Many lines of evidence indicate that red jungle fowl (RJF) is the primary ancestor of domestic chickens. Although multiple versions of RJF (galgal2-galgal5 and GRCg6a) and commercial chickens (GRCg7b/w and Huxu) genomes have been assembled since 2004, no high-quality indigenous chicken genomes have been assembled, hampering the understanding of chicken domestication and evolution. To fill the gap, we sequenced the genomes of four indigenous chickens with distinct morphological traits in southwest China, using a combination of short, long and Hi-C reads.

The potential role of hydrogen sulfide in cancer cell apoptosis.

For a long time, hydrogen sulfide (HS) has been considered a toxic compound, but recent studies have found that HS is the third gaseous signaling molecule which plays a vital role in physiological and pathological conditions. Currently, a large number of studies have shown that HS mediates apoptosis through multiple signaling pathways to participate in cancer occurrence and development, for example, PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways. Therefore, the regulation of the production and metabolism of HS to mediate the apoptotic process of cancer cells may improve the effectiveness of cancer treatment.

High-quality genome assembly of a C. crossoptilon and related functional and genetics data resources.

There are four species in the Crossoptilon genus inhibiting at from very low to very high altitudes across China, and they are in varying levels of danger of extinction. To better understand the genetic basis of adaptation to high altitudes and genetic changes due to bottleneck, we assembled the genome (~1.02 Gb) of a white eared pheasant (WT) (Crossoptilon crossoptilon) inhibiting at high altitudes (3,000~7,000 m) in northwest of Yunnan province, China, using a combination of Illumina short reads, PacBio long reads and Hi-C reads, with a contig N50 of 19.

Divergent Evolutionary Rates of Primate Brain Regions as Revealed by Genomics and Transcriptomics.

Although the primate brain contains numerous functionally distinct structures that have experienced diverse genetic changes during the course of evolution and development, these changes remain to be explored in detail. Here we utilize two classic metrics from evolutionary biology, the evolutionary rate index (ERI) and the transcriptome age index (TAI), to investigate the evolutionary alterations that have occurred in each area and developmental stage of the primate brain. We observed a higher evolutionary rate for those genes expressed in the non-cortical areas during primate evolution, particularly in human, with the highest rate of evolution being exhibited at brain developmental stages between late infancy and early childhood.