[Pollution Characteristic of Ni in Sediments in the Three Gorges Reservoir].

The Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) has achieved the target of water storage of 175 m for eight consecutive years until October 2017. To study the temporal and spatial variation of nickel (Ni) in different water periods under 175 m operating conditions in the TGR area, probe the impact of a large-scale water conservancy project on the Ni enrichment, and establish the pollution evaluation system of Ni in the TGR area, we collected 173 surface sediment samples from the TGR area during four consecutive water periods from December 2015 to June 2017 and measured the Ni concentration by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The mean values of Ni in the four water periods are higher than the background value of Yangtze sediment and soil.

[Adaptability of Different Nebulizer Systems to Different Silicon Chemical Forms for Gasoline in Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry].

Silicon is not a natural component of gasoline but it can cause silica deposition in vehicle combustion system which may lead to severe engine failure. Silicon is present in gasoline in different chemical forms. The analysis of oil products by directly measuring under organic phase through inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) is becoming a widely accepted approach as it is found to be simple and fast.

[Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Vanadium in Sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir (Chongqing-Yichang Section)].

In order to investigate the pollution characteristics of vanadium in sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), 67 sediment samples were collected from the section between Chongqing to Yichang in TGR. The concentration and chemical speciation of vanadium were measured and the spatial distribution of vanadium was discussed. Current pollution level of vanadium in TGR sediments was assessed by index of geoaccumulation and Häkanson ecological risk index.

[Determination of Platinum Group Elements in City Roadside Dusts by ICP-MS ].

Platinum group elements (PGEs) can be naturally found only at very low concentration in the earth crust. However, the increasing usage of PGEs in vehicle exhaust catalysts, and some other applications cause their anthropogenic emission and spread in the environment. Currently，the accumulation of PGEs in the environment has increased over the time.

[Characterization of biochar by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance].

The wood (willow branch) and grass (rice straw) materials were pyrolyzed at different temperatures (300, 450 and 600 °C) to obtain the biochars used in the present study. The biochars were characterized using elementary analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and solid state 13C cross-polarization and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR) to illuminate the structure and composition of the biochars which were derived from the different thermal temperatures and biomass. The results showed that the H/C, O/C and (O+N)/C ratios of the biochars decreased with the increase in the pyrolysis temperatures.

[The role of IL-15 in the process of acute rejection in liver and heart transplantation in rats].

Objective: To study the real effect of IL-15, a kind of T lymphocyte activators which were derived from lymphocytes, on the acute rejection process in heart and liver transplantation in rats.

Methods: Male (body weight 200 - 250 g) 1A (RT1(a)) and LEW (RT1(l)) rats were selected as donors and recipients, respectively. Heterotopic heart transplantation (in abdomen) and orthotopic liver transplantation were performed as the acute rejection model group (experimental group); LEW (RT1(l))-->LEW (RT1(l)) as donors and recipients to establish isografts transplantation as the control group.