Establishment of a selectable marker recycling system for iterative gene editing in .

Gibberellic acid (GA3) is a vital plant growth hormone widely used in agriculture. Currently, GA3 production relies on liquid fermentation by the filamentous fungus . However, the lack of an effective selection marker recycling system hampers the application of metabolic engineering technology in , as multiple-gene editing and positive-strain screening still rely on a limited number of antibiotics.

Pharmacokinetics of five phthalides in volatile oil of Ligusticum sinense Oliv.cv. Chaxiong, and comparison study on physicochemistry and pharmacokinetics after being formulated into solid dispersion and inclusion compound.

Backgrounds: The dried rhizome of Ligusticum sinense Oliv.cv. Chaxiong has been used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, anemia and stroke.

[Pharmacokinetic study on five components in phthalide target areas of Chaxiong and its β-CD inclusion compounds based on UPLC-MS/MS].

This study aims to establish a method for the determination of the concentration of five main components of phthalide target areas of Chaxiong(CPTA) and its inclusion of β-CD in the plasma of rats, and determine the pharmacokinetic parameters, absolute bioavailability and relative bioavailability of CPTA/β-CD inclusion compound in vivo. The plasma concentrations of senkyunolide A, N-butylphthalide, new osthol lactone, Z-ligustilide and butenyl phthalide were determined with UPLC-MS/MS. The content determination was conducted at the chromatographic conditions as follows: Shim-pack GIST C_(18)-AQ HP column(2.

Simple, Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginesa by Colorimetric Multiple Cross Displacement Amplification.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a major opportunistic pathogen in hospital-acquired infections. Thus, early diagnosis is the best strategy for fighting against these infections.

Development of a novel celecoxib-loaded nanosuspension using a wet media milling process.

To develop a novel celecoxib (CXB)-loaded drug delivery system, numerous nanosuspensions were prepared with various polymers and surfactants using a wet media milling process, and their particle sizes were subsequently determined. A 24 full factorial design was used to identify the most appropriate preparation conditions. Pharmacokinetics of the selected nanosuspension were performed in rats and compared with those of a drug powder and a commercial CXB-loaded product.

Effect of inorganic mesoporous carriers on 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol-loaded solid self-emulsifying drug delivery system: Physicochemical characterization and bioavailability in rats.

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of inorganic mesoporous carriers on the physicochemical properties and oral bioavailability of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG)-loaded solid self-emulsifying drug delivery system (solid SEDDS). Numerous PLAG-loaded solid SEDDS formulations were prepared by spray drying technique with sodium laurylsulfate (SLS), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and inorganic mesoporous materials as a surfactant, antioxidant and solid carrier, respectively. The mesoporous materials, such as calcium silicate, silicon dioxide and magnesium aluminosilicate were used as the solid carriers.

Development of RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of docetaxel and curcumin in rat plasma: Validation and stability.

The purpose of the present research was to develop a suitable, simple, precise, accurate, robust, and reproducible RP-HPLC method for a reliable simultaneous quantification of docetaxel (DTX) and curcumin (CCM) in rat plasma samples using paclitaxel (PTX) as an internal standard. The samples were assayed by the Agilent 1260 Infinity HPLC instrument using a Capcell Pak C column (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 µm) under isocratic conditions.

Effect of magnesium carbonate on the solubility, dissolution and oral bioavailability of fenofibric acid powder as an alkalising solubilizer.

To investigate the possibility of developing a novel oral pharmaceutical product using fenofibric acid instead of choline fenofibrate, the powder properties, solubility, dissolution and pharmacokinetics in rats of fenofibrate, choline fenofibrate and fenofibric acid were compared. Furthermore, the effect of magnesium carbonate, an alkalising agent on the solubility, dissolution and oral bioavailability of fenofibric acid was assessed, a mixture of fenofibric acid and magnesium carbonate being prepared by simple blending at a weight ratio of 2/1. The three fenofibrate derivatives showed different particle sizes and melting points with similar crystalline shape.

Novel montelukast sodium-loaded stable oral suspension bioequivalent to the commercial granules in rats.

To develop a montelukast sodium-loaded stable oral suspension bioequivalent to the commercial granules in rats, several montelukast sodium-loaded suspensions were prepared with a suspending agent, stabilizers and anti-aggregation agents, and their stabilities were investigated by visually observing the sedimentation phenomenon and determining the concentration of the degradation product. Moreover, dissolution and pharmacokinetic studies of the optimized formulation were examined in rats compared to commercial montelukast sodium-loaded granules. Avicel RC-591 (Avicel), a suspending agent, prevented the sedimentation of these suspensions at >2.

Rapid and Sensitive Isothermal Detection of Nucleic-acid Sequence by Multiple Cross Displacement Amplification.

We have devised a novel amplification strategy based on isothermal strand-displacement polymerization reaction, which was termed multiple cross displacement amplification (MCDA). The approach employed a set of ten specially designed primers spanning ten distinct regions of target sequence and was preceded at a constant temperature (61-65 °C). At the assay temperature, the double-stranded DNAs were at dynamic reaction environment of primer-template hybrid, thus the high concentration of primers annealed to the template strands without a denaturing step to initiate the synthesis.

Formulations, hemolytic and pharmacokinetic studies on saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d compound liposomes.

The aim of this study was to develop and optimise a saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d compound liposome (SSa-SSd-Lip) formulation with reduced hemolysis and enhanced bioavailability. A screening experiment was done with Plackett-Burman design, and response surface methodology of five factors (EPC/SSa-SSd ratio, EPC/Chol ratio, water temperature, pH of PBS, and ultrasound time) was employed to optimise the mean diameter, entrapment efficiency of SSa and SSd, and the reduction of hemolysis for SSa-SSd-Lip. Under the optimal process conditions (EPC/SSa-SSd ratio, EPC/Chol ratio, water temperature and pH of PBS were 26.

Evaluation of physicochemical properties, skin permeation and accumulation profiles of salicylic acid amide prodrugs as sunscreen agent.

Various amide prodrugs of salicylic acid were synthesised, and their physicochemical properties including lipophilicity, chemical stability and enzymatic hydrolysis were investigated. In vivo skin permeation and accumulation profiles were also evaluated using a combination of common permeation enhancing techniques such as the use of a supersaturated solution of permeants in an enhancer vehicle, a lipophilic receptor solution, removal of the stratum corneum and delipidisation of skin. Their capacity factor values were proportional to the degree of carbon-carbon saturation in the side chain.

Wound healing evaluation of sodium fucidate-loaded polyvinylalcohol/sodium carboxymethylcellulose-based wound dressing.

The cross-linked hydrogel films containing sodium fucidate were previously reported to be prepared polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) using the freeze-thawing method and their physicochemical property was investigated. For the development of novel sodium fucidate-loaded wound dressing, here its in vivo wound healing test and histopathology were performed compared with the conventional ointment product. In wound healing test, the sodium fucidate-loaded composed of 2.

Development of an itraconazole-loaded gelatin microcapsule with enhanced oral bioavailability: physicochemical characterization and in-vivo evaluation.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a novel itraconazole-loaded gelatin microcapsule without ethanol with enhanced oral bioavailability.

Methods: Various gelatin microcapsules were prepared using a spray-drying technique. Their physicochemical properties, dissolution, characteristics and pharmacokinetics in rats were evaluated and compared with those of a commercial product.

Development of valsartan-loaded gelatin microcapsule without crystal change using hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as a stabilizer.

To develop a valsartan-loaded gelatin microcapsule using hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) as a stabilizer, which could improve the physical stability and bioavailability of valsartan, the gelatin microcapsules were prepared with various ratios of gelatin and HPMC using a spray-drying technique. Their solubility, dissolution, thermal characteristics, crystallinity, and physical stability were investigated. The bioavailability of drug in valsartan-loaded microcapsule was then evaluated compared to drug powder and commercial product in rats.

Enhanced oral bioavailability of flurbiprofen by combined use of micelle solution and inclusion compound.

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a mixed drug solution containing a surfactant and beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) on the solubility and bioavailability of a poorly water soluble drug, flurbiprofen. Solubility, dissolution and in vivo pharmacokinetics of flurbiprofen in the presence of surfactant, beta-CD or mixture of surfactant and beta-CD were investigated. Among the surfactants tested, Tween 80 produced the highest improvement in the aqueous solubility of flurbiprofen.

Enhanced solubility and bioavailability of sibutramine base by solid dispersion system with aqueous medium.

To develop a novel sibutramine base-loaded solid dispersion with improved solubility bioavailability, various solid dispersions were prepared with water, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), poloxamer and citric acid using spray-drying technique. The effect of HPMC, poloxamer and citric acid on the aqueous solubility of sibutramine was investigated. The physicochemical properties of solid dispersion were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction.

Physicochemical characterization of tacrolimus-loaded solid dispersion with sodium carboxylmethyl cellulose and sodium lauryl sulfate.

To develop a novel tacrolimus-loaded solid dispersion with improved solubility, various solid dispersions were prepared with various ratios of water, sodium lauryl sulfate, citric acid and carboxylmethylcellulose-Na using spray drying technique. The physicochemical properties of solid dispersions were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetery and powder X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, their solubility and dissolution were evaluated compared to drug powder.

Development of nifedipine-loaded coated gelatin microcapsule as a long acting oral delivery.

To develop the long acting nifedipine oral delivery with enhanced bioavailability, nifedipine-loaded gelatin microcapsule containing nifedipine and ethanol in gelatin shell was prepared using a spray-dryer, and then coated microcapsule was prepared by coating the gelatin microcapsule with Eudragit acrylic resin. The dissolution test and the bioavailability of the coated microcapsule in rats were evaluated compared to nifedipine powder. The amount of nifedipine dissolved from gelatin microcapsule for 30 min increased about 5-fold compared to nifedipine powder in pH 1.

Development of clindamycin-loaded wound dressing with polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate.

To develop a clindamycin-loaded wound dressing, cross-linked hydrogel films were prepared using freeze-thawing method with various mixtures of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA). The physicochemical properties such as swelling ratio, tensile strength and elongation of hydrogels were evaluated. The drug release from this clindamycin-loaded hydrogel, in vitro protein adsorption test and in vivo wound healing observations in rats were then performed.

Preparation and in vivo evaluation of piroxicam-loaded gelatin microcapsule by spray drying technique.

To develop a piroxicam-loaded gelatin microcapsule with enhanced bioavailability, a gelatin microcapsule encapsulated ethanol and piroxicam has been formulated by using gelatin as a water-soluble polymer shell. The aqueous solubility and bioavailability of piroxicam in piroxicam-loaded microcapsule in rats were then evaluated compared to piroxicam powder. The piroxicam-loaded gelatin microcapsule spherical in shape with smooth surface showed the geometric mean diameter of about 19 microm.