Multiple lines of evidence supports the two varieties of (Gentianaceae) as two species.

Delimiting species requires multiple sources of evidence. Here, we delimited two varieties of (Gentianaceae) using several lines of evidence, including morphological traits and mating system in a sympatric population, phylogenetic relationships based on nrITS and cpDNA (rpl16) data, and complete chloroplast genome sequences. Comparative analysis of 21 morphological traits clearly separates the two varieties of .

Evolutionary history of a desert perennial (Boraginaceae): Intraspecific divergence, regional expansion and asymmetric gene flow.

The complex interactions of historical, geological and climatic events on plant evolution have been an important research focus for many years. However, the role of desert formation and expansion in shaping the genetic structures and demographic histories of plants occurring in arid areas has not been well explored. In the present study, we investigated the phylogeography of , a desert herb showing a near-circular distribution surrounding the Tengger Desert in Northwest China.

Characteristics, mechanism, and management of pain in atopic dermatitis: A literature review.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, pruritic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease. Developments in basic science and clinical research have increased our understanding of AD. Although pain as a symptom of AD is underemphasized in previous studies, multiple researchers address pain as a frequent burden of AD.

Climatic Changes and Orogeneses in the Late Miocene of Eurasia: The Main Triggers of an Expansion at a Continental Scale?

Migrations from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) to other temperate regions represent one of the main biogeographical patterns for the Northern Hemisphere. However, the ages and routes of these migrations are largely not known. We aimed to reconstruct a well-resolved and dated phylogeny of L.

Development and characterization of novel EST-SSR markers for (Euphorbiaceae).

Premise Of The Study: The first set of expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers were developed and characterized for (Euphorbiaceae), a traditional medicinal plant endemic to northern China, to explore the effects of recent habitat fragmentation on the genetic diversity and structure of this species.

Methods And Results: In this study, a total of 18 novel polymorphic microsatellite (EST-SSR) markers were developed for using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing. Analysis of 24 individuals of from four natural populations revealed their robust polymorphic reliability.

Changes of flowering phenology and flower size in rosaceous plants from a biodiversity hotspot in the past century.

Responses of plant traits to climate changes are complex, which could be mirrored by the investigations of herbarium specimens. By examining specimens of Rosa and Cotoneaster species collected since 1920s in Hengduan Mountains, we analyzed the changes of flowering phenology and flower size in the past century when climate changes were considered to be intensified. We found that flowering phenology of Rosa showed no significant change, but flowering phenology of Cotoneaster was delayed in recent years.

Out of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: evidence for the origin and dispersal of Eurasian temperate plants from a phylogeographic study of Hippophaë rhamnoides (Elaeagnaceae).

Numerous temperate plants now distributed across Eurasia are hypothesized to have originated and migrated from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and adjacent regions. However, this hypothesis has never been tested through a phylogeographic analysis of a widely distributed species. Here, we use Hippophaë rhamnoides as a model to test this hypothesis.