Long-term outcomes and independent predictors of mortality in patients presenting to emergency departments with acute heart failure in Beijing: a multicenter cohort study with a 5-year follow-up.

Background: Acute heart failure (AHF) is the most common disease in emergency departments (EDs). However, clinical data exploring the outcomes of patients presenting AHF in EDs are limited, especially the long-term outcomes. The purposes of this study were to describe the long-term outcomes of patients with AHF in the EDs and further analyze their prognostic factors.

Incidence and outcome of adult in-hospital cardiac arrest in Beijing, China.

Objective: To assess the incidence and outcome of in-hospital cardiac arrests (IHCAs) in Beijing, China.

Methods: The incidence and outcome of IHCAs over a 12-month period were evaluated in this prospective study. Between January 1 and December 31, 2014, 12 Beijing hospitals prospectively participated in this study for calculation of the incidence of IHCA.

[Progress in the effects of injury and regeneration of gustatory nerves on the taste functions in animals].

The sensor of the taste is the taste bud. The signals originated from the taste buds are transmitted to the central nervous system through the gustatory taste nerves. The chorda tympani nerve (innervating the taste buds of the anterior tongue) and glossopharyngeal nerve (innervating the taste buds of the posterior tongue) are the two primary gustatory nerves.

Effect of siRNA‑induced inhibition of IL‑6 expression in rat cerebral gliocytes on cerebral edema following traumatic brain injury.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of RNA interference (RNAi) on the inhibition of interleukin (IL)‑6 expression in rat cerebral gliocytes in vitro and rat cerebral traumatic tissues in vivo, as well as the effect of RNAi on cerebral edema. pSUPER vectors containing IL‑6 small hairpin RNA (pSUPER‑IL‑6 1‑5) were designed, constructed and transfected into C6 rat glioma cells using cationic liposomes. ELISA was used to select the plasmid with the strongest interference effect.

Effects of chronic cold exposure on murine central nervous system.

Recently, cold-adaptation medicine has gotten more and more attention because of its specific significance to health care, military activities, sports performance, and so on. Although numerous studies have focused on respiratory, immune, and circulatory systems as well as skin damage upon cold exposure, the impacts on central nervous system are not well understood. This study explores the effects of chronic cold exposure on the murine central nervous system.

[Sodium nitrite induces PC12 cell differentiation].

To investigate the potential ability of the nitrite to induce neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells, cultured PC12 cells planted on matrigel in the presence or absence of sodium nitrite were employed as model, nerve growth factor (NGF) served as a positive control. After 48 h, sodium nitrite enhanced cell viability and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion. Same as the effect of NGF, sodium nitrite (1.

Gastrointestinal bleeding after intracerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective review of 808 cases.

Background: This study examined the incidence and risk factors for gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: The available medical records of patients with ICH admitted from June 2008 to December 2009 for any episode of GI bleeding, possible precipitating factors and administration of ulcer prophylaxis were reviewed.

Results: The prevalence of GI bleeding was 26.

The effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the developmental retina of mice.

Aims: Our aim is to investigate the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on the development of retinal bipolar and horizontal cells.

Methods: The alterations of the retinal bipolar and horizontal cells in P7, P14 and P30 mice were observed after PAE, with immunofluorescent labeling and DiI diolistic assay.

Results: The retinal development of filial pups was affected by PAE in a dose-dependent and long-term manner.

Lower variability of tacrolimus trough concentration after conversion from prograf to advagraf in stable kidney transplant recipients.

Backgrounds: Variability of blood trough concentration (C0) in immunosuppressant leads to rejection and graft loss after kidney transplantation.

Methods: The aim of this study is to prospectively investigate the change of within-patient variability among stable kidney transplant recipients with conversion from twice-daily Prograf to the same milligram-for-milligram daily dose of once-daily Advagraf.

Results: The mean age of 129 patients was 51.

High risk of renal failure in stage 3B chronic kidney disease is under-recognized in standard medical screening.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the risk of renal failure in patients with under-recognized chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the self-pay standard medical screening program of health management centers.

Methods: The abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation was used to calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of study subjects. Study subjects with eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.

[Effects of alcohol exposure during pregnancy on dendritic spine and synapse of visual cortex in filial mice].

The prenatal ethanol exposure induced the alterations of dendritic spine and synapse in visual cortex and their long-term effect would be investigated in mice from P0 to P30. Pregnant mice were intubated ethanol daily from E5 through the pup's birth to establish mode of prenatal alcohol abuse. The dendritic spines of pyramidal cells in visual cortex of pups were labeled with DiI diolistic assay, and the synaptic ultrastructure was observed under transmission electron microscope.

Prenatal alcohol exposure induces long-term changes in dendritic spines and synapses in the mouse visual cortex.

Aims: To study the long-term changes of dendritic spine and synapse taking place in a mouse model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs).

Methods: Pregnant mice were intubated daily with ethanol (EtOH) from E5 to parturition. A DiI diolistic method was used to label dendritic spines of pyramidal cells in the visual cortex of EtOH-exposed and control pups over the period from postnatal (P) day P0 to P30; synaptic ultrastructure was also analyzed using transmission electron microscopy.

Expression of the apoptosis-related proteins caspase-3 and NF-kappaB in the hippocampus of Tg2576 mice.

Objective: To investigate the relations between neuroapoptosis and the onset and development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially the role of NF-kappaB in the regulation of neuroapoptosis.

Methods: Caspase-3 and NF-kappaB (p50) expressions in the CA3 region of the hippocampus in APPswe Tg2576 transgenic mice were studied from postnatal day 0-180, using Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR methods.

Results: Both neuronal apoptosis and NF-kappaB activity decreased gradually with the increase of age in wild type and Tg2576 mice.

The synaptic remodeling between regenerated perforant pathway and granule cells in slice culture.

In order to understand the synaptic remodeling in the course of axonal regeneration, the synaptic remodeling of the perforant path in hippocampus was investigated in the present study with entorhino-hippocampal coculture, DiI DiOlistic assay and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the regeneration of the perforant pathway occurred in entorhino-hippocampal slice coculture, and putative synaptic contacts formed between the regenerated fibers and dendritic spines of granule cells. Ultrastructural analysis confirmed the formation of new synaptic contacts.

Reelin, a guidance signal for the regeneration of the entorhino-hippocampal path.

The importance of reelin for cortical lamination in the developing CNS is well established, but its role in nerve fiber growth is not well understood. In this study, hippocampal slices were co-cultured with entorhinal slices of GFP mice, in order to compare the growth of the entorhino-hippocampal path in wild type and reeler mice. On day 6, regenerated fibers were seen to navigate from the entorhinal cortex into the hippocampus.

Formation of the entorhino-hippocampal pathway: a tracing study in vitro and in vivo.

Objective The entorhino-hippocampal pathway is the major excitatory input from neurons of the entorhinal cortex on both ipsilateral and contralateral hippocampus/dentate gyrus. This fiber tract consists of the alvear path, the perforant path and a crossed commissural projection. In this study, the histogenesis and development of the various subsets of the entorhino-hippocampal projection have been investigated.

The tracing study of developing entorhino-hippocampal pathway.

The entorhino-hippocampal pathway is the major excitatory input from neurons of the entorhinal cortex on both ipsilateral and contralateral hippocampus/dentate gyrus. This fiber tract consists of the alvear path, the perforant path and a crossed commissural projection. In this study, the histogenesis and development of the various subsets of the entorhino-hippocampal projection have been investigated.