Chronic kidney disease promotes chronic inflammation in visceral white adipose tissue.

White adipose tissue plays an important role in the development of metabolic disturbance, which is a common feature in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effect of CKD on white adipose tissue remains poorly appreciated. Here, we evaluated the inflammatory potential of visceral white adipose tissue in a rat model of CKD.

Enhanced M1 and Impaired M2 Macrophage Polarization and Reduced Mitochondrial Biogenesis via Inhibition of AMP Kinase in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Macrophage polarization plays a pivotal role in the process of inflammation which is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Macrophages polarization under the condition of CKD remains poorly understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that CKD promotes macrophage M1 polarization.

A non-intermetallic PtPb/C catalyst of hollow structure with high activity and stability for electrooxidation of formic acid.

A non-intermetallic PtPb/C catalyst of hollow structure is synthesized through a simple reduction method, and exhibits an activity as high as 3.6 times that of commercial Pd black and a much higher stability for electrooxidation of formic acid.