Discovering transformation products of pharmaceuticals in domestic wastewaters and receiving rivers by using non-target screening and machine learning approaches.

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are an important source of pharmaceuticals in surface water, but information about their transformation products (TPs) is very limited. Here, we investigated occurrence and transformation of pharmaceuticals and TPs in WWTPs and receiving rivers by using suspect and non-target analysis as well as target analysis. Results showed identification of 113 pharmaceuticals and 399 TPs, including mammalian metabolites (n = 100), environmental microbial degradation products (n = 250), photodegradation products (n = 44) and hydrolysis products (n = 5).

Non-target discovery and risk prediction of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and transformation products in wastewater treatment systems.

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) serve as the main destination of many wastes containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Here, we investigated the occurrence and transformation of PFAS and their transformation products (TPs) in wastewater treatment systems using high-resolution mass spectrometry-based target, suspect, and non-target screening approaches. The results revealed the presence of 896 PFAS and TPs in aqueous and sludge phases, of which 687 were assigned confidence levels 1-3 (46 PFAS and 641 TPs).

Artificial intelligence-assisted system for the assessment of Forrest classification of peptic ulcer bleeding: a multicenter diagnostic study.

Background: Inaccurate Forrest classification may significantly affect clinical outcomes, especially in high risk patients. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a real-time deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) system to assess the Forrest classification of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB).

Methods: A training dataset (3868 endoscopic images) and an internal validation dataset (834 images) were retrospectively collected from the 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China.

Overexpression of tousled-like kinase 2 predicts poor prognosis in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients after radical resection.

Tousled-like kinase 2 (TLK2) is integral to DNA repair, replication, and cell cycle regulation, crucial for maintaining genome stability and integrity. However, the expression and prognostic value of TLK2 in hepatitis B viral (HBV) -related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. We examined TLK2 expression and prognostic implications in pan-cancer by using diverse databases.

Aspercitrininone A, novel antibacterial polyketide featuring unusual spiral skeleton from Aspergillus cristatus.

Aspercitrininone A (1), a novel polyketide featuring an unprecedented tetracyclic 6/6/6/5 spiral skeleton, was obtained from the rice fermentation cultures of the fungus Aspergillus cristatus together with five known compounds (2-6). Their structures were determined by HRESIMS data, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Aspercitrininone A was revealed as a new type of C/D cycle spiral structure and an unusual addition product of o-quinoid form citrinin with 2-methylterrefuranone.

CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated genomic knock out of tyrosine hydroxylase and yellow genes in cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.

Gryllus bimaculatus is an emerging model organism in various fields of biology such as behavior, neurology, physiology and genetics. Recently, application of reverse genetics provides an opportunity of understanding the functional genomics and manipulating gene regulation networks with specific physiological response in G. bimaculatus.

Fas/FasL and Complement Activation are Associated with Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Hepatitis.

Background And Aims: Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis (CAEBVH) is a rare and highly lethal disease characterized by hepatitis and hepatomegaly. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features and pathogenic mechanisms of CAEBVH.

Methods: Ten patients with confirmed Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis infection were enrolled.

Vitellogenin 1 is essential for fish reproduction by transporting DHA-containing phosphatidylcholine from liver to ovary.

Vitellogenins (Vtgs) are essential for female reproduction in oviparous animals, yet the exact roles and mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, we knocked out vtg1, which is the most abundant Vtg in zebrafish, Danio rerio via the CRISPR/Cas 9 technology. We aimed to identify the roles of Vtg1 and related mechanisms in reproduction and development.

A specific reverse complement sequence for distinguishing from other species.

Canine brucellosis is primarily caused by , but other species can also cause the disease. Identifying sequences specific to and establishing PCR assays that can distinguish between and other species is essential to determine the etiology of canine brucellosis and the source of infection and to achieve effective control. We analyzed the gaps and SNPs of genomes I and II from strain RM6/66 and strain 16M using the Mauve genome alignment software, and the specificity of each of these differential regions was analyzed by BLAST.

Comparison of 10 and 14 days of antofloxacin-based versus 14 days of clarithromycin-based bismuth quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A randomized trial.

Objective: Our team previously reported the use of antofloxacin-based bismuth quadruple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of 10 and 14 days of antofloxacin-based versus 14 days of clarithromycin-based bismuth quadruple therapy in the first-line treatment for H.

Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates Neuroinflammation by Inhibiting the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD Pathway in Retina or Brain Neuron following Rat Ischemia/Reperfusion.

Gasdermin D-executing pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3 inflammasomes has been recognized as a key pathogenesis during stroke. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) could protect CNS against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced neuroinflammation, while the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The study applied the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model to investigate how the brain and the retinal injuries were alleviated in sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS)-treated rats.

Establishment of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection using a warmer pad as a heating source.

The study sought to establish a sensitive and specific on-site loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for heated using a warmer pad. LAMP primers specific to the conserved gene were designed, and the LAMP reaction was optimized. The heating characteristics of the warmer pad were investigated.

Non-target and target screening of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in landfill leachate and impact on groundwater in Guangzhou, China.

Landfills are the main destination of many urban wastes containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and PFAS may leach out from the waste and contaminate the surrounding groundwater. Here we investigated the occurrence of PFAS in leachate and surrounding groundwater from three landfills in Guangzhou, China by using a combined target and non-target approach. Non-target screening showed that a total of 651 PFAS with 96 classes were identified, including 17 legacy PFAS and 637 emerging PFAS.

Gallbladder-preserving polypectomy for gallbladder polyp by embryonic-natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery with a gastric endoscopy.

Background And Aims: Cholecystectomy is performed for most gallbladder polyps (GPs). However, cholecystectomy results concerning complications in some patients. For benign GPs, adoption of gallbladder-preserving surgery is worth to recommend.

Analysis of the Differential Exosomal miRNAs of DC2.4 Dendritic Cells Induced by Infection.

is an intracellular parasite that infects humans and other warm-blooded animals. Exosomes are endocytic-derived vesicles released by cells, representing an important mode of intercellular communication. In exosomes, specific molecules of proteins, lipids, and mRNAs or miRNAs have been detected, some of which are capable of transferring biologically active molecules to recipient cells.

Inhibited Lipophagy Suppresses Lipid Metabolism in Zebrafish Liver Cells.

Lipophagy degrades lipid droplets (LDs) through the lysosomal degradative pathway, thus plays important roles in regulating lipid metabolism in mammals. However, information on the existence and functions of lipophagy in fish lipid metabolism is still limited. In the present study, we confirmed the existence of lipophagy by observing the structures of LDs sequestered in autophagic vacuoles in the zebrafish liver cell line (ZFL) via electronic microscopy.

Bioactivities of 3-Butylidenephthalide and n-Butylbenzene from the Essential Oil ofLigusticum jeholense against Stored-product Insects.

The essential oil extracted from roots and rhizomes of Ligusticum jeholense Nakai et Kitagawa was investigated for its chemical composition by GC-MS analysis, and evaluated for its contact toxicity and repellency against Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne, along with some of its individual components. The essential oil was rich in aromatics (65.34%) with low molecular weight.

Expression of Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cyt2Ba in the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana increases its virulence towards Aedes mosquitoes.

Background: The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana has been widely used to kill mosquito larvae and adults in the laboratory and field. However, its slow action of killing has hampered its widespread application. In our study, the B.

Sex-specific alterations of lipid metabolism in zebrafish exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) mixtures exerting environmental health risk. In mammals, PCBs have been shown to disrupt metabolic state, especially lipid metabolism, and energy balance, but their effects on lipid metabolism in fish are largely unknown. The zebrafish were selected as model and both male and female adult zebrafish were exposed to different concentrations of PCBs at gradient concentrations of 0.

Fasting enhances cold resistance in fish through stimulating lipid catabolism and autophagy.

Key Points: In a cold environment, mammals increase their food intake while fish decrease or stop feeding. However, the physiological value of fasting during cold resistance in fish is currently unknown. Fasting for more than 48 h enhanced acute cold resistance in zebrafish, which correlated with lipid catabolism and cell damage attenuation.