Investigating the nexus of metabolic syndrome, serum uric acid, and dementia risk: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The global dementia prevalence is surging, necessitating research into contributing factors. We aimed to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components, serum uric acid (SUA) levels, and dementia risk.

Methods: Our prospective study comprised 466,788 participants without pre-existing MetS from the UK Biobank.

Translation and concurrent validity, sensitivity and specificity of Chinese version of Short Orientation Memory Concentration Test in people with a first cerebral infarction.

Purpose: This study aimed to translate the English version of the Short Orientation-Memory-Concentration (SOMC) test into a Chinese version, denoted the C-SOMC test, and to investigate the concurrent validity, sensitivity, and specificity of the C-SOMC test against a longer and widely used screening instrument in people with a first cerebral infarction.

Methods: An expert group translated the SOMC test into Chinese using a forward-backward procedure. Eighty-six participants (67 men and 19 women, mean age = 59.

The Impact of Cognitive Function on Virtual Reality Intervention for Upper Extremity Rehabilitation of Patients With Subacute Stroke: Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial With 6-Month Follow-up.

Background: Stroke is among the leading causes of long-term disability worldwide. Motor impairments after stroke not only impact the individuals quality of life but also lay substantial burdens on the society. Motor planning is a key component of cognitive function that impacts motor control.

Spatiotemporal, kinematic and kinetic assessment of the effects of a foot drop stimulator for home-based rehabilitation of patients with chronic stroke: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Gait disability affects the daily lives of patients with stroke in both home and community settings. An abnormal foot-ankle position can cause instability on the supporting surface and negatively affect gait. Our research team explored the ability of a portable peroneal nerve-targeting electrical stimulator to improve gait ability by adjusting the foot-ankle position during walking in patients with chronic stroke undergoing home-based rehabilitation.

[Differences in uptake, utilization and loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in a Chinese double rice cropping system under different irrigation and fertilization managements].

In order to optimize water and fertilizer use in the double-cropping rice in eastern Fujian Province, a field runoff plot experiment was conducted to investigate rice yield, nutrient uptake, and runoff losses of N (nitrogen) and P (phosphorus) in the T(no chemical fertilization with traditional flooding irrigation), T(common chemical fertilizer of 273 kg N·hm, 59 kg P·hm, and 112 kg K·hm combined with traditional flooding irrigation), T(chemical fertilizer of 240 kg N·hm, 52 kg P·hm, and 198 kg K·hm combined with traditional flooding irrigation) and T(chemical fertilizer combined with shallow intermittent irrigation) treatments. Results showed that early rice grain yield in the T, T and T treatments significantly increased by 0.7, 1.

The Effect of Virtual Reality on Motor Anticipation and Hand Function in Patients with Subacute Stroke: A Randomized Trial on Movement-Related Potential.

Background: Impaired cognitive ability to anticipate the required control for an upcoming task in patients with stroke may affect rehabilitation outcome. The cortical excitability of task-related motor anticipation for upper limb movement induced by virtual reality (VR) training remains unclear.

Aims: To investigate the effect of VR training on the cortical excitability of motor anticipation when executing upper limb movement in patients with subacute stroke.

Effects of Custom-made Insoles on Plantar Biomechanics and Upper Extremity Muscle Performance.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of molding custom-made insoles for female patients with foot pain.

Methods: The study included 20 patients whose insoles were prescribed according to biomechanical evaluations and molded by repositioning the subtalar joint in its neutral position using a simple set of tools. Plantar biomechanics were measured under the following conditions: static stand, walking at self-comfortable walking speed (CWS) barefoot, walking in patient owned running shoes, and walking in running shoes plus insoles.

The Efficacy of Interlimb-Coordinated Intervention on Gait and Motor Function Recovery in Patients with Acute Stroke: A Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial Study Protocol.

Background: The efficacy of interlimb-coordinated training on gait and upper limb functional improvement remains unclear. The latest published randomized controlled trials have supported the potential benefits of interlimb-coordinated training to enhance gait function. Upper limb functional recovery may also benefit from interlimb-coordinated training since most everyday activities require the coordinated use of both hands to complete a task.

Detection of functional connectivity in the brain during visuo-guided grip force tracking tasks: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

The functional connectivity (FC) between multiple brain regions during tasks is currently gradually being explored with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). However, the FC present during grip force tracking tasks performed under visual feedback remains unclear. In the present study, we used fNIRS to measure brain activity during resting states and grip force tracking tasks at 25%, 50%, and 75% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) in 11 healthy subjects, and the activity was measured from four target brain regions: the left prefrontal cortex (lPFC), right prefrontal cortex (rPFC), left sensorimotor cortex (lSMC), and right sensorimotor cortex (rSMC).

Responsiveness and Predictive Ability of the Chinese Version of the Action Research Arm Test in People with Cerebral Infarction.

Purpose: To detect the responsiveness and predictive ability of the Chinese version Action Research Arm Test (C-ARAT) in participants within the first 3 months after cerebral infarction.

Methods: Ninety-seven individuals (75 men, mean age 59.87 ± 10.

Inter-rater and Intra-rater Reliability of the Chinese Version of the Action Research Arm Test in People With Stroke.

To detect the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the Chinese version of the Action Research Arm Test (C-ARAT) in patients recovering from a first stroke. Fifty-five participants (45 men and 10 women) with a mean age of 58.67 ± 12.

Translation and Initial Validation of the Chinese Version of the Action Research Arm Test in People with Stroke.

Purpose: This study aimed to translate the English version of the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) into Chinese and to evaluate the initial validation of the Chinese version (C-ARAT) in patients with a first stroke.

Methods: An expert group translated the original ARAT from English into Chinese using a forward-backward procedure. Forty-four patients (36 men and 8 women) aged 22-80 years with a first stroke were enrolled in this study.

The Perceived Benefits of an Artificial Intelligence-Embedded Mobile App Implementing Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Self-Management of Chronic Neck and Back Pain: Observational Study.

Background: Chronic musculoskeletal neck and back pain are disabling conditions among adults. Use of technology has been suggested as an alternative way to increase adherence to exercise therapy, which may improve clinical outcomes.

Objective: The aim was to investigate the self-perceived benefits of an artificial intelligence (AI)-embedded mobile app to self-manage chronic neck and back pain.

Assessing the Relationship Between Motor Anticipation and Cortical Excitability in Subacute Stroke Patients With Movement-Related Potentials.

Stroke survivors may lack the cognitive ability to anticipate the required control for palmar grasp execution. The cortical mechanisms involved in motor anticipation of palmar grasp movement and its association with post-stroke hand function remains unknown. To investigate the cognitive anticipation process during a palmar grasp task in subacute stroke survivors and to compare with healthy individuals.

Combining Movement-Related Cortical Potentials and Event-Related Desynchronization to Study Movement Preparation and Execution.

This study applied a comprehensive electroencephalography (EEG) analysis for movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) and event-related desynchronization (ERD) in order to understand movement-related brain activity changes during movement preparation and execution stage of unilateral wrist extension. Thirty-four healthy subjects completed two event-related potential tests in the same sequence. Unilateral wrist extension was involved in both tests as the movement task.

The Crucial Changes of Sit-to-Stand Phases in Subacute Stroke Survivors Identified by Movement Decomposition Analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect the key changes during sit-to-stand (STS) movement cycle in hemiparetic stroke survivors using a five-phase kinematic and kinetic analysis.

Methods: Twenty-five subacute stroke survivors and 17 age-matched healthy adults participated in this study. The kinematic and kinetic parameters during STS cycle were measured using three-dimensional motion analysis system with force plates.

Relative and Absolute Interrater Reliabilities of a Hand-Held Myotonometer to Quantify Mechanical Muscle Properties in Patients with Acute Stroke in an Inpatient Ward.

Introduction: The reliability of using MyotonPRO to quantify muscles mechanical properties in a ward setting for the acute stroke population remains unknown.

Aims: To investigate the within-session relative and absolute interrater reliability of MyotonPRO.

Methods: Mechanical properties of biceps brachii, brachioradialis, rectus femoris, and tibialis anterior were recorded at bedside.

Between-days intra-rater reliability with a hand held myotonometer to quantify muscle tone in the acute stroke population.

A myotonometer can objectively quantify changes in muscle tone. The between-days intra-rater reliability in a ward setting for the acute stroke population remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the device's between-days intra-rater reliability when used in a ward setting for acute stroke participants.

Cerebral Reorganization in Subacute Stroke Survivors after Virtual Reality-Based Training: A Preliminary Study.

Background: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a promising method for quantifying brain recovery and investigating the intervention-induced changes in corticomotor excitability after stroke. This study aimed to evaluate cortical reorganization subsequent to virtual reality-enhanced treadmill (VRET) training in subacute stroke survivors.

Methods: Eight participants with ischemic stroke underwent VRET for 5 sections per week and for 3 weeks.

The Difference of Neural Networks between Bimanual Antiphase and In-Phase Upper Limb Movements: A Preliminary Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Most daily movements require some degree of collaboration between the upper limbs. The neural mechanisms are bimanual-condition specific and therefore should be different between different activities. In this study, we aimed to explore intraregional activation and interregional connectivity during bimanual movement by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Prospective clinical study of rehabilitation interventions with multisensory interactive training in patients with cerebral infarction: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Multisensory interactive training has an increasingly prominent role in stroke rehabilitation. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate its efficacy on gait improvement, upper limb and lower limb functional improvement, global motor function and cognitive improvement. A recent Cochrane review confirmed that published studies on virtual reality (VR) training have the limitations of lack of powered sample size, did not evaluate the benefits over a long-term period and lacked trial quality on cognitive function.

The effects of isotope-labeled analogs on the LC-IDMS measurement by comparison of ESI responses and matrix effect of melamine, C-melamine, C+N-melamine, and N-melamine.

In this paper, the effect of isotope-labeled analogs on the liquid chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry (LC-IDMS) measurement was evaluated based on the comparison research of electrospray ionization responses (ESI) and matrix effect of melamine, C-melamine, C+N-melamine, and N-melamine. The isotope-labeled melamines had similar ionization efficiency with melamine in the electrospray ionization source, but the intensity of corresponding quantitative fragment ions had distinctive differences. Based on the density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-311+G** level, this phenomenon was explained very well.

Effect of Virtual Reality on Postural and Balance Control in Patients with Stroke: A Systematic Literature Review.

. To critically evaluate the studies that were conducted over the past 10 years and to assess the impact of virtual reality on static and dynamic balance control in the stroke population. .

Assessment of an alternative calibration technique to record breathing pattern and its variability with respiratory inductive plethysmography.

Recent literature has raised doubts on the existing calibration methods for respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) which can lead to erroneous estimation of tidal volume. This study sought to validate an alternative calibration method to record tidal volume and tidal volume variability during rest and exercise by comparing the measurements obtained from a RIP device against a pneumotachograph (PT) for breath-by-breath analysis. 11 healthy individuals were recruited.

Neuroplasticity in post-stroke gait recovery and noninvasive brain stimulation.

Gait disorders drastically affect the quality of life of stroke survivors, making post-stroke rehabilitation an important research focus. Noninvasive brain stimulation has potential in facilitating neuroplasticity and improving post-stroke gait impairment. However, a large inter-individual variability in the response to noninvasive brain stimulation interventions has been increasingly recognized.