The Impact of Uterus-Derived Prostaglandins on the Composition of Uterine Fluid During the Period of Conceptus Elongation in Dairy Heifers.

In ruminants, the survival and development of the conceptus are heavily dependent on the composition of the uterine lumen fluid (ULF), which is influenced by prostaglandins (PGs). However, the variations in underlying PG-mediated ULF remain unclear. Herein, cycling heifers received an intrauterine infusion of vehicle as a control (CON) or meloxicam (MEL) on days 12-14 of the estrous cycle.

Artificial Synapse with High Weight-Updating Performance Based on Charge-Trapping Mechanism.

Artificial synapses, basic units of neuromorphic hardware, have been studied to emulate synaptic dynamics, which are beneficial for realizing high-quality neural networks. Currently, two-dimensional (2D) material heterojunction structures are widely used in the study of artificial synapses; however, their dynamic weight-updating characteristics are restricted owing to their high nonlinearity and low symmetricity. In this study, we treated h-BN with oxygen plasma to form a charge-trapping layer (CTL), and we prepared 2D ReS/CTL/h-BN heterojunction synapses.

Connectome architecture for gray matter atrophy and surgical outcomes in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Objective: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has been recognized as a network disorder with widespread gray matter atrophy. However, the role of connectome architecture in shaping morphological alterations and identifying atrophy epicenters remains unclear. Furthermore, individualized modeling of atrophy epicenters and their potential clinical applications have not been well established.

A robust crystal structure prediction method to support small molecule drug development with large scale validation and blind study.

Crystal polymorphism is an important and fascinating aspect of solid state chemistry with far reaching implications in the pharmaceuticals, agrisciences, nutraceuticals, battery and aviation industries. Late appearing more stable polymorphs have caused numerous issues in the pharmaceutical industry. Experimental polymorph screening can be very expensive and time consuming, and sometimes may miss important low energy polymorphs due to an inability to exhaust all crystallization conditions.

Long-term maintenance of mycophenolate mofetil in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (LEARN): a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) is a severe autoimmune disorder with high morbidity and mortality. Current treatments have limitations including relapse, highlighting the need for effective maintenance therapy. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as long-term adjunctive therapy to first-line treatment in newly diagnosed patients with NMDARE.

A comprehensive understanding on the anionic redox chemistry of high-voltage cathode materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.

The electrification of transportation is an important contributor to reducing global carbon dioxide emissions. However, this progress is constrained by anxiety regarding the driving range of vehicles, which is well recognized to originate from the low specific energy of the employed state-of-the-art energy storage devices. Therefore, further promoting the specific energy of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is an inevitable need, where the development of cathode materials with high energy densities, high specific capacity and/or high working voltage, is essential.

Direct control of electron spin at an intrinsically chiral surface for highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction.

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic media suffers from sluggish kinetics, primarily due to the spin-dependent electron transfer involved. The direct generation of spin-polarized electrons at catalytic surfaces remains elusive, and the underlying mechanisms are still controversial due to the lack of intrinsically chiral catalysts. To address this challenge, we investigate topological homochiral PdGa (TH PdGa) crystals with intrinsically chiral catalytic surfaces for ORR.

Efficacy and Safety of Ofatumumab Treatment for Anti-NMDA Receptor Autoimmune Encephalitis (OFF-AE): A Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study.

Objective: Ofatumumab presents a potentially promising alternative to current second-line immunotherapy for refractory anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor autoimmune encephalitis (NMDAR-AE). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ofatumumab as a novel second-line immunotherapy for NMDAR-AE.

Methods: This prospective, multicenter, nested cohort study compared patients with NMDAR-AE from the CHina Autoimmune encephalitiS outcomE study registry (CHASE) recruited between October 2011 and February 2024, treated with and without ofatumumab.

Perturbations in gut microbiota composition in patients with autoimmune neurological diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: Studies suggest that gut dysbiosis occurs in autoimmune neurological diseases, but a comprehensive synthesis of the evidence is lacking. Our aim was to systematically review and meta-analyze the correlation between the gut microbiota and autoimmune neurological disorders to inform clinical diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. We searched the databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library until 1 March 2024 for research on the correlation between gut microbiota and autoimmune neurological disorders.

Improving reliability of movement assessment in Parkinson's disease using computer vision-based automated severity estimation.

Background: Clinical assessments of motor symptoms rely on observations and subjective judgments against standardized scales, leading to variability due to confounders. Improving inter-rater agreement is essential for effective disease management.

Objective: We developed an objective rating system for Parkinson's disease (PD) that integrates computer vision (CV) and machine learning to correct potential discrepancies among raters while providing the basis for model performance to gain professional acceptance.

"Water-In-Oil" Electrolyte Enabled by Microphase Separation Regulation for Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Anode.

The sustained hydrogen evolution and zinc (Zn) dendrite growth greatly impede the practical application of low-cost aqueous Zn metal batteries (ZMBs). Herein, for the first time, a microphase separation strategy is proposed to construct a ″water-in-oil (W/O) electrolyte to endow durable ZMBs. As validated by theoretical modeling and experimental characterizations, the unique reverse micelle structure within the electrolyte not only disrupts water hydrogen bonding and efficiently inhibits the water consumption at Zn anode, but also undergoes directed movement and reversible demulsification under electric field, thus enhancing the anode desolvation kinetics and inhibiting the interfacial side reactions.

Seizure control and pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women with epilepsy: A prospective multicenter cohort study.

Objective: Data on seizure and pregnancy outcomes in Asian women with epilepsy are limited. We used a Chinese pregnancy registry to assess the impact of seizures and antiseizure medications (ASMs) on pregnant women with epilepsy and their children.

Methods: This is an ongoing prospective multicenter study of pregnant women with epilepsy that has been running since 2012.

Enhancing host defense against Brucella: The immune effect exerted by anti-OMP16 monoclonal antibody.

Brucellosis is an important zoonotic infection caused by the Gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacterium, Brucella. The disease is widespread and prevalent throughout the world, posing a serious threat to human health, with over 500,000 new cases each year. Combination antibiotic therapy is the current treatment for brucellosis, but owing to its intracellular survival capability, the effectiveness of antibiotics is significantly reduced, Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a promising class of biodrugs with a wide range of applications in the clinical treatment of disease.

Piezoelectric hydrogel with self-powered biomechanical stimulation enhances bone regeneration.

Large bone defect healing remains a challenge in current clinical treatment, which suggests the need for functional bone repair materials. Piezoelectric materials can generate electrical stimulation under mechanical stress to improve the tissue healing environment, which are emerging candidates for tissue engineering. We created a self-powered piezoelectric hydrogel by simply blending the zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and regenerating silk fibroin (RSF).

Association of valproate use and hippocampal atrophy in idiopathic generalized epilepsy.

Objective: Recent studies revealed the effect of valproate (VPA) on brain structural changes in idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). We aimed to investigate the volume of the entire hippocampus and subfields in patients with IGE, and explored their associations with VPA use.

Methods: A total of 211 patients with IGE and 97 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study.

Device Failures and Adverse Events Associated With Rhinolaryngoscopes: Analysis of the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) Database.

Background: Rhinolaryngoscopes are one of the most widely used tools by otolaryngologists and speech-language pathologists in current clinical practice. However, there is limited data on adverse events associated with or caused by the use of rhinolaryngoscopes.

Objective: In this study, we used the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database with the aim of providing insights that may assist otolaryngologists in better understanding the limitations of these devices and selecting appropriate procedures for their specific clinical setting.

In Situ Coordinated MOF-Polymer Composite Electrolyte for Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries with Exceptional High-Rate Performance.

The integration of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and electrospun polymer fibers offers the potential to achieve uniform dispersion and high loading of fillers, providing a unique perspective for advancing composite solid electrolytes in solid-state lithium metal batteries. In this work, a composite solid electrolyte is fabricated through a combination of electrospinning and chemical immersion, facilitating the in situ nucleation and growth of HKUST-1 on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun nanofibers. The in situ coordinated HKUST-1 particles not only modify the solvation structure of Li and the coordination environment of TFSI, but also encapsulate PAN fibers to mitigate interfacial side reactions with lithium metal, thereby improving interfacial stability.

Exploring receptors for pro-resolving and non-pro-resolving mediators as therapeutic targets for sarcopenia.

Sarcopenia is defined by a reduction in both muscle strength and mass. Sarcopenia may be an inevitable component of the aging process, but it may also be accelerated by comorbidities and metabolic derangements. The underlying mechanisms contributing to these pathological changes remain poorly understood.

Global identification and regulatory network analysis reveal the significant roles of lncRNAs during anther and pollen development in Arabidopsis.

A high-throughput sequencing identified 1283 lncRNAs in anthers at different stages in Arabidopsis and their relationship with protein-coding genes and miRNAs during anther and pollen development were analyzed. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulatory molecules involved in various biological processes. However, their roles in male reproductive development and interactions with miRNAs remained elusive.

Prediction of Pharmacoresistance in Drug-Naïve Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Using Ictal EEGs Based on Convolutional Neural Network.

Approximately 30%-40% of epilepsy patients do not respond well to adequate anti-seizure medications (ASMs), a condition known as pharmacoresistant epilepsy. The management of pharmacoresistant epilepsy remains an intractable issue in the clinic. Its early prediction is important for prevention and diagnosis.

(P)ppGpp synthetase Rel facilitates cellulose formation of biofilm by regulating glycosyltransferase in Brucella abortus.

Biofilms are complex adhesive structures that establish chronic infection and allow robust protection from external stressors such as antibiotics. Cellulose as one of the compositions of bacteria biofilm which protect bacteria from stress, host immune responses and resistance to antibiotics. Bacterial stress responses are regulated via guanosine pentaphosphate and tetraphosphate (p)ppGpp.

Etiological features of status epilepticus of the in-patient cohort in Tibet: A retrospective comparative study.

Background: The etiology of status epilepticus (SE) in Tibet has not yet been reported. We aimed to establish the etiological baseline of SE in the Tibet Autonomous Region in China and compare it with a SE cohort from a regional neuroscience centre in Sichuan, Southwestern China to reveal whether there was a unique etiology distribution in the Tibetan region.

Methods: We retrospectively captured clinical data of patients diagnosed with SE in the People's Hospital of Xizang Autonomous Region from January 2015 to December 2020.

Gut Microbial Composition and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles in Dairy Calves with Diarrhea.

Calf diarrhea is a prevalent and significant health issue in dairy farming, severely impacting feed intake, weight gain, and survival rates in young calves. This study aimed to investigate the microbial composition and antibiotic resistance profiles of diarrheic calves to provide insights into the epidemiology and management of the condition. The prevalence of diarrhea in 1685 calves was analyzed.

Beyond CO Storage: Enzyme-Amyloid Fibril Catalytic Hybrids for Long Cascade Reactions Converting CO into Fructose.

Enzyme immobilization is an efficient and cost-effective approach to recovering, stabilizing, and enhancing enzyme catalytic properties. It is a challenge, however, for coimmobilized multiple enzymes to perform consecutive reactions without being inactivated under similar conditions. Here, we present a facile enzyme immobilization platform using β-lactoglobulin amyloid fibril hydrogels.